DE PEHCIER

ROCH ABBEY, YORKSHIRE. FIJI.'

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TOL.Y. Kew Edition.

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v-'^ -v,

JAN 11 1956

COUNTY INDEX TO VOL. v.

Name of the Abbv, Caftle, Monaftcry, Priory, or Ruin, &c.	Point of 'icvv.	or built.	^ - y H	I	taken. MB.Thofewith- t a name were awn by the au-	Page i t I I 1 1 16 2t 3« 2J 2$ 26 2« 34 35 39 39 40 43 44 4* 47 Si 5* SJ 5« i 61 64 67 70 72 P 79 81 81 82 9
SHROPSHIRE. The Map Bildcwa's Abby Jurgh, Brugge or Bridgenorth Caftle [aghmond Abby Hales Owen Abby ,udlow Caflle, and Plan Wenlock Monaftery SOMERSETSHIRE. The Map lurrough Chapel Charlcombe Church Cleve Abby Farley Caftle Farley Caftle Chapel Glaftonbury Abby - plat* 1.		!0 ne 970 i«o	IO2	767 ?7$ itto tto 77'	face page - VIr. B. Green . Sandby, Efq. . Saudby, Efq. o face page - apt. H. Rugge \f r. Richards Mr. Eyre )itto Mr. Richards VIr. Grimm o face page - Mr. M.Griffiths Mr. M. Griffiths o face page - Mr. Wollet
S. W. S. W.
N. E. S. E.	O8l
S.W.	i9j s»		!64 7S4 774 itto 756
	342 l84
E.
- - Chapel of St. Jofeph, Arimathea STAFFORDSHIRE. The Map Caverfwall Caftle Dudley Caftle - plate i Ditto - plate 2 Tixall Manor Houfe Gate SUFFOLK. The Map All Saints Church, Dunwich Alderton Church Arwerton Hall Gate Bedeiicfworth, or Edmondftow, no Bury St. Edmonds Arches, near the Eaft Ga£e, Bury S Edmonds Bliburgh, or Blythburrow Priory Burgh, or Cnoberfcurg Caftle — — Plan of, Butlev Priory Framiingham Caftle - plate Ditto - - P^te Leyftone Abby Matthew's (St.) or the Weft Gate,Ipfwic Orford Caftle, and Plan - Orford Chapel \Volfey '3 (Cardinal) CollegcGate.Ipfwic S U R R Y. The Map Bermondlev Abby Gate Cathcrinc-hitl Chapel, near Guildford Croydon Church				7S&
N. S.	;oc 555 Goc 637	264	774 itto 772
S.W. S.E. S.E.		'775 .769 '77 ditto 177 '77 7^ ditt ditt l'7l '77
S.E. S.E	; ioc 4' 60 i;S I 06	t 19 '55 144
E. S. W. E.
S.E. S.
l ft	'y;	to face page -
	108 122 139 [0-		'75 '77 .76
N.W S.W	—

COUNTY INDEX TO VOL. v.

Name of the Abby, Caftle, Monafte Priory, or Ruin, &c.	Poin <! Vie	\\ hen tounutii ^ K,,;if	j	1	View l.y who taken. N.B. Thofe wi out a name w drawn by the a	i '"" •;, \'' : 9 ,i :- « -? : 1 ^2 u6 jo ,- 33 J4 34 37 4t 43 '44 '-, ) ^ : JJ - ') ,; i 11 . i 5 s 1 9 i 4 4 - & 6 S S 3 4-
Farnham Caiile - plate Ditto - - piate j Guildford Caftle j Quarry Hole, Plan of, near Guildford | Ancient Crypt, Guildford Lambeth Palace plate Ditto - . piate Ditto - p|ate Mai tha's Hill, near GuildforJ Mother Ludlam's Hole, near Guildfor Newark Priory WaverleyAbby - - plate Ditto - g ., platc SUSSEX. The Map Arundcl Caflle .- /- Battle Abby p]ate Dltto plate Begeham or Bcyham Abby Bodiam Caftle plate Ditto . pjale Iniide View of Bodiam Caftle - Crypt at Borftiara - . j Boxgrave Priory . Bramber Caftle - £-<. Brambrough or Bramber Church I brighthelmftone Blockhoufe jEaftbourne Priory Halnaker Houfe - Halting! Caftle . plate r. I Ditto, and Plan - - plate 2. J Herftmonceaux Caftle - plate i Ditto . . . plate2	S.E E. S.E	«:	16	17	to face page - Mr. Grimm Mr. Grimm )itto Mr. Grimm )mo Green, Efq. Hr. Grimm )itto )itto itto r. Grimm - Rookc, Efq. r. Grimm tto
: I
13	I
N.E N.
	,,		;j lit '7' i •;( >••< '>, it) 76 7" 76 j9 in 7" '59
W.
s.w	: : •(
	IJ<
N.E
		106
	(,'.-
	53
W. N. W. .W.	—	—
£?tto .. - plates- Ditto . piate £ Hofpital (St. James's) Lewes, and Plan ' Jpres Tower at Rye John's (St.) Church Sub Caftro, near Level Knap Caftle Lewes Priory plate ,. Pltto - - plate 2 Ditto Caftle, and Plan - - Mayfieid Place, or St. Dunftan's Palace	S,	__	^	8, i tCI 6 It:,: 7s Sr ;S ) [ to ic
S.E.
	~'f-	--
S. W.
Pitto - '- p late 2.			—
Pcvenfey Caflle - Lte ,
			27
Stanftead Place, or the Old Houfe of the Earls of Arundel -
Town Hall, Chichefter		'V ol.	r. Grimm tto tto
Vicar's College, Chichefter
Grey Friars Monaftery, Winchelfea Winchelfea Caftle • — Chuich North Eaft Gate Winchelfea, frontifpiec	. W. to this A

circuit belongs to the diocefeof Hereford, and is in the provmce of Canterl

s bounded L theN. by Chefhire and FHntfhire ; 5. by Hereford^ an Worcefterfhire; E. by Staffordshire, and W. by Montgomery, Radnor a Denbighshire in North Wales , and is of an oval form, being 44 - from N. toS. and ,8 broad from E. to W. and is 134 •«• c.icumfer nc onTaining 890,000 fquare acres, or ,,06 fquare miles, ,40,^ -nhabuan s 23,284 houfes, is divided into 15 hundred,, 170 panfhes, ^ ****** vH ages, and ,5 market-towns, ylz. Shrewfbury, the county-town wh.ch abov 900 houfes, Ludlow, Bridgenorth, Wenlock, Biftop's-caftle, Dray on,

SHROPSHIRE,

Wem, Ofweftry, Whitchurch, Churchftretton, Clebury, Newport, Ellifmcre, Shefaal and Wellington. It fends ia Members to Parliament, pays 7 parts of the Land-tax, and provides 640 men to the National Militia. Its principal rivers are the Severn, Tweed, Teem, Clud, Ony, Warren, Tern, Corve, Rea, Kemipt, and Mele. The air is wholfome, pleafant and good j and produces corn, barley, paftures, hay, cattle, fruits, river-fift, pit-coal, lead and iron mines, pitch and tar. It has Wire, Morf, and Hockftock forefts; with the hills of St. Gilbert, Caradock, Wrekin, Superfton, Browncle, Brethen, and Clebury-mount. There is a burning well near Wenlock. It is noted for flannel and frizes, Welfli cottons, and white broad-cloth, befides remarkably tine gun-flocks.

The Roman, Daniflj, or Saxon encampments in this county are Wroxeter } the Gair, at thejunaion of the rivers Clun and Teem ; Brandon near Caer Crad- dock; upon Tongley Hill ; and Bifhop's-Mote, near Bifliop's-caftle j upon Brown Clee Hill, near Ludlow, and old Ofweftry, near Ofweftry.

There is but one ftation of the Romans in this county, and that is Rutunium, now Wroxeter, which ftands i* miles, agreeable to the Itinerary of Antoninus, from Mediolanum, now Knightly, in Staffordfhire ; and n miles from Uriconium now Wrottefley, in the fame county.

ANTIQUITIES worthy Notice in this COUNTY. Burnell Caftle near Shrewfburv

.r-ac AKk»,, '

Aflon __ „

Bieldewas Abbey

Bridgenorth Caftle

Burford Church near Ludlow

Caw's Caftle near Weftbury

Clun Caftle near Bifhop's-caftle

tllefmere Church

Haghmo'n Priory near Shrewfbury

Hales Owen Caftle

Hopton Caftle near Ludlow

bt. Julian's Church in Shrewfbury

St. Kenelm's Chapel near Hales Owen

Littlefhall Priory near Newport

Ludlow Caftle and Church

Offa's Dyke

Old work of Wroxeter

Ofweftry Caftle

Shrewfbury Abbey and Church

Stoke Caftle near Drayton

Tone Caftle near Shefnall

Watt's Dyke

Wenlock Abbey near Bridgenorth

Whitchurch Church

Whittington Church and Caftle.

( I )

SHROPSHIRE.

BILDEWAS ABBEY.

BILDEVVAS, or Buldewas abbey, lies about a mile fouth-eaft of the foot of the mountain called the Wreken, and clofe to the river Severn, over which there is a bridge, faid by the in- habitants to have belonged to, or to have been built for the convenience of, this abbey; but its appearance does not fpeakit of that antiquity.

THIS houfe was founded in the year 1135, by Roger, bifhop of Chefter (which Tanner fays was the fame fee with that now called Litchfield and Coventry) for monks of the order c Savigny, united afterwards to Ciftertians. It was dedicated to St Mary and St. Chadd. The foundation was confirmed by king Stephen, in the year 1 1 39- It had afterwards many noble benefaaions and donations; feveral of them were confirmed by the charter of king Rich. I. anno 1189, being the firft year of his reign- and Hen. II. by his charter to Randolph, abbot or this place, fubjeaed the abbey of St. Mary's, Dublin, to tl government of the abbots of Bildewas.

LELAND, in his Itinirary, fays, » Matilda de Bohun, wife to fir Robert Burnell, was founder of Bildevais abby; though fome, for the only gift of the fite of the houfe, take the byfhope of Chefter for founder." Camclen feems likewife have been of the fame, opinion ; as he mentions Bildewas as the burial-place of the family of the Burnels, patrons thereof but among all the charters of the Monafticon, there is no men- tion of this Matilda, or fir Robert: but the foundation is u VOL. V. A two

2 SHROPSHIRE.

three places expreflly afcribed to Rop-er hi'^™ c Chefler. lv^facl> L

^ABOUT the time of the fuppreflion, here were

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emolilhed b a

the

per.ni.tcd Belc me f0 «e t mafter °f

here. Rob ° ' '° °»^dy, but

till

SHROPSHIRE. 3

till the general diffolution, was accounted a royal free chapel. The 2 1 ft of Elizabeth it was granted to fir Chriftopher Hatton. IN the fiege above-mentioned fir Ralph de Pitchford, one of the king's commanders, behaved himfelf fo gallantly, that Henry granted him an eftate in the neighbourhood called the Little Brugge, to hold by the fervice of finding dry wood for the king's great chamber in the caftle as often as he fliould come there.

THIS town and caftle being thus in the poffcffion p. crown, it continued there fome time; but in the reign of Hen. II. anno 1 165, was held by Hugh de Mortimer againft that monarch, who befieging it in perfon, gave occafion to one of the moft romantic a6ls of loyalty ever recorded. Hubert de St, Clare, conftable of Colchefter caftle, feeing one of the enemy taking aim at his fovereign, ftepped before him, and received the arrow in his own breaft, thereby faving the king's life at the expence of his own. He died juftiy lamented by his royal mafter, who took his only daughter into his immediate pro- teftion, and when of a proper age provided for her very advan- tageoufly in marriage. Nothing more occurs concerning this- fortrefs till the i8th of king John, when it was entrufted to the keeping of Philip d-'Aubigny. In the loth of Hen. III. Henrjr de Alditheley, or Audeley, was conftable ; and it appears from Madox's hiftory of the Exchequer, that in the 4oth year of the fame king it was committed to Hugh de Akor, together with the caftle of Shrewfbury and counties of Salop and Stafford, during the king's pleafure. Hugh was to render 126!. yearly for the proficuum of the counties, and was to keep the faid caftles at his own coft.

IN the loth of Rich. II. Hugh lord Badlefmere was conftituted governor of this caftle, and had certain lands in the town; but the manor remained in the crown till John Suttonr lord Dudley, in the ift of Rich, III. obtained a grant of it for him- felf and heirs male. The fucceflion did not, as it is faid, con- tinue

4 SHROPSHIRE.

tinuelong in his family; his fon being a weak and extravagant man, was tricked out of his eflates by ufurers.

THE following entry occurs among the grants of Rich III in Bib. Harle. No. 433, « to William Clerc, the king hath confirmed the conftableihip of the caftell of Brigenorth in the countie of Salop during his lyff, with wages and fees of 6 d. by the day of the fee of Brigenorth."

BY an aft of refumption in Rot. Parl. firft Hen. VII. it ap- pears that Richard Halghton was then conftable of this caftle.

IN the laft civil war this caftle was totally demoliihed, and the collegiate church fo injured, that it was taken down and rebuilt. The fouth fide of the new church is fhewn in this view.

THE following account of this caftle is given by Leland in his Itinerary :

" THE caftle ftandeth on the fouth part of the towne, and is fortified by eaft with the profound valley inftead of a ditch - the walles of it be of a great height; there were two or three ftrong wardes in the caftle, that now goe totally to mine I count the caftle to be more in compaffe than the third part of the towne. There is one mighty gate by north in it, now flopped up, and a little pofterne, made of force thereby through the wall, to enter into the caftle. The caftle ground and efpecially the bafe court, hath now many dwelling-houfes of tymbre in it, newly erected.

« THERE is a college church of St. Mary Magdalene of a dean and fix prebendaries within the caftle ; the church itfelf now a rude thinge. It was firft made by Robert de Belefmo for a chappell onely for the caftle, and he endowed it with landes; and afore that this chappell was eftablifhed in the caftle there was a like foundation made at Qualeford, a chap-

rl °L ^ J Magdalene' ^ Rob^ ^ Belefmo, earl of Schrobbefbury, at the defy re of his wife, that made vow thereof Jn the tempeft of the fea."

AT

SHROPSHIRE. 5

AT prefent there is nothing left {landing but what feems to have been a part of the tower, which by undermining was made to incline fo much, that it appears to threaten deftruc- tion to fuch as approach it. It makes nearly an angle of 73 degrees with the horizon, or 17 from the perpendicular. This view was drawn anno 1774.

HAGHMOND, OR HAUGHMOND ABEET.

THIS abbey lies about two miles north eaft of Shrewfbury, and probably derives its name from being fituated on a high mound or eminence.

IT was an abbey for canons regular of the order of St. Auguf- tine, founded in the year mo, by William Fitz-Alan, lord of Clun, dedicated to St. Maiy and St. John the Evangelift. .eland places this foundation as early as the firft of Henry I. vhich according to Tanner was before thofe canons were )rought into England: at the inftance of Alured, abbot of this uonafteiy, king Hen. II. granted to the founder the patronage ! thereof in all vacancies. The family of the Says, of Richard's traille, were great benefaaors to this houfe. Ofbert de Say, -ranted to them his mill at Wichbald, and his brother and h-ir Hugh de Say, confirmed to the canons here one yard land, lying in a place called Wydebroke, within his lordfhip of Richard's caftle; and moreover gave to them his mill at Roche- ford, with the toll thereof.

WALTER lord Clifford, called the fon of Richard de Ponce, gave alfo to thefe canons, his mills at Tamedbury, and certain lands in Sinetune; to which Walter his fon and heir added his mills at Almitone and Sinetune, for the maintenance of their kitchen, with one yard land in Sinetune, and a meffuage be- longing to the mills there. Robert de Clifford alfo in the i4th of Edw. III. gave them the moiety of the hamlet of Wmdei ton, in Warwickfhire, and Ralph le Strange, endowed them with VoL.V. B the

« SHROPSHIRE.

the patronage of his chapel at Crockin. All thefe lands and revenues given by feveral benefactors were confirmed to them by king Edward, in the i3th year of his reign. Several Welch princes are faid to have made confiderable donations to this- houfe.

IN the third of Hen. V. Ralph, then abbot of this houfe, at the recommendation of Thomas earl of Arundel and Surrey, granted unto Robert Lee, refiding with him as his efquire, a corody for life, of meat, drink and apparel, for himfelf, a boy, and two horfes, as had before been cuftomary to efquires of other abbots, fo long as he fhould abide in the faid monaftery.

IN the time of Hen. VI. Thomas Holden, Efq. granted to the prior of the Holy Trinity of London, and his fuccefTors, jn behalf of the whole order of canons regular, one mefluage and garden, in the parifh of St. Peter and St. Michael, near the north gate in Oxford, for a college for thole of that order to ftudy in. Richard, biihop of Coventry, likewife granted ta thefe canons, that the facriftan under the abbot, might baptize as well Jews, as children, in that monaftery, and might ufe parochial rights within the fame. Nicholas, abbot of this houfe, in the year 1332, allotted certain revenues for the main- tenance of the kitchen, and for the purchafe of twenty hogs> to be made into bacon for the ufe of the houfe.

RICHARD Burnell, abbot in the year 1459, made certain ordinances refpedling the offices of the prior and fab-prior, whereby their privileges and authority were fettled. Pope Alex- ander the Hid, granted diverfe liberties and advantages to this abbey. Such as not to pay tithes for the land and cattle in their own occupation; a free burial place, and authority to prefent clerks to the parochial churches, which they held* referving the profits for the benefit of the houfe ; to celebrate divine offices privately, in the time of a general interdiction,, and to pay no tithes of their mills or meadows, unlefs the •ufage had been otherwife. Pope Boniface the IXth granted in- dulgence*

SHROPSHIRE. 7

dulgences to fuch penitents as ihould vifit this church on cer- tain days in the year, being confefTed, and truly repenting of their fins.

AT the diffolution, the yearly revenues of this houfe were valued at 259!. 133. yd. 9 Dugdale — 294!. ras. 9d. Speed, The fite was granted ^zd Hen. VIII. to Edmund Lyttleton.

LELAND in his Itinerary fays, *' ther was an hermitage, and a chapell before the erectyng of the abbey. W. Fitz Allyn and his wyffe, with Richard Fitz Allen and other, ar ther buried, and Richard Fitz Alan, a child, which child fell, as is fayde, by the necligence of his norice out of hir armes frym the battle- ments of the caftle of Shrawardig. The abat of Haghmon told me, that he hath hard that the caftell of Acton Burnell, a goodly manor place, where the parliament was kepte, was firfte made by one Burnell a byihope."

Names of fome of the Abbats out of the Monafticon, bifhop Tanner's and Dr. Wilks's Collections.

ALVRED is the firft I meet with, he occurs, temp. Hen. II.

EXGELARDE was fucceeded, anno 1241, by Gilbert.

JOHN le Strange, anno 1243, 28th Henry III, and

ALEXANDER, 1259.

HENRY de Aftley, anno 1283, loth Edw. I. his fuccefibr was

GILBERT de Caumpidon, elected by virtue of the royal afTent, dated July 2yth, 1285. He refigned anno 1307, to

RICHARD de Brook, whom I find inflated abbat, June 15, 1307, his fucceffor, as I prefume was one

NICHOLAS. He built the new kitchen, &c. about the year 1332, temp. Edw. III. The next I find is

RALPH. He occurs abbat, anno 1414, and might probably be fucceeded by

,- RICHARD Burnel, whom I find elected, anno 1420. He pre- fided in the year 1459, but h°w l°n§ after I know not.

RICHARD Pontefbury, 1495.

THOMAS

8 SHROPSHIRE.

THOMAS Corvefar was the 'laft abbat ; he with ten monks furrendered this convent, 9th Sept, 1539, and had a penfion of 40!. per ann. affigned him.

ANNO 1535, here remained in charge nl. in annuities and corodies, and thefe penfions, viz. To Chriftopher Hunt, rol. William Rilaunde, Hugh Coke and Roger Mekins, 61. each. William Rigge, Thomas Leighe, John Mathew and William Owen, 5!. 6s. 8d. each. This view was drawn anno 1778.

HALES OWEN ABBET.

±HIS was a monaflery of the praemonftratenfian order, de- dicated to the blefled Virgin Mary, and St. John the evangelift. *' It feems (fays Tanner) to have been begun and finiihed at the charges of the crown, though the bifhop of Winchefter had the patronage." King John, in the i6th year of his reign, as appears by his charter, printed in the Monafticon, gave to Peter de Rupibus, biiliop of Winchefter, the manor of Hales, with the advowfon of the church, for the purpofe of founding this inonaftery, which was accordingly erected and endowed. This grant was confirmed by Hen. III. in the nth year of his reign, and William Ruff added the gift of the church ofWale- fhale, with its chapels and appurtenances.

ROGER, biihop of Coventry, by his deed, anno 1248, appro-" priated the faid church to this abbey, after the death of one Vincent, then rector, referving for a vicar to ferve the faid church, 13 marks per annum, out of its revenues, with half the church-yard and buildings; befides which, he was to enjoy all the revenues of the chapels of the faid church, except fheaves of corn. And in cafe thefe revenues ihould not fuffice to fup- port the faid chapels, then the canons were to allow fuch com- petent fum as ihould be judged neceflary by certain difcreet and honeft men; all other charges to be jointly defrayed by the abbat and vicar. The bifhop likewife referved to the fee of Litchfield and Coventry, fix marks yearly, in fatisfaction for

the

SHROPSHIRE. 9

the demands he or his fuccefibrs had on the faid church ; out of which fix marks, he affignetl. 60 s. for the works or repairs of the church of Litchfield, and the other 20 s. to the vicars appointed to fay the mafs of our lady. The abbot to promife, on oath to pay the faid money, which the dean and chapter of Litchfield were forbidden on any account to apply to other ufes.

IN the year 1270, Godfrey, bifhop of Worcefter, ordained that the abbot and canons of this monaftery and their fucceffors, fhould always prefent to him, or the bifhop of Worcefter for the time being, a proper perfon to officiate as vicar in the parifh church of Hales Owen, who fhould obey him, and be anfwer- able for the cure of fouls committed to his charge. The abbot to pay ten marks per annum, by equal half yearly payments, for the maintenance of this vicar, who was alfo to enjoy the ufual houfe, garden, and orchard, with the herbage of the church-yard. And that the canons fhould alfo find another prieft, there filled, prefbyterum fecundarium, to ferve in the faid church. They were alfo to fuftain all ordinary and extra- ordinary charges.

ONE John de Hemptmon, having given the manor of Rowley to this houfe, on condition that a proper chaplain fhould be affigned to celebrate divine fervice for the good of his foul, the foul of his wife Eleanor, and their children ; alfo for the foul of his brother, and thofe of the faithful, which chaplain was to be nominated by him and his fucceffors ; Thomas, then abbot of this houfe, did, by a deed fealed with the common feal of the convent, anno 1331, clirecT: that the names 'of the faid perfons fhould after their deceafe be inferted in their martyrology, or lift of benefaaors ; and that on their anniverfary, the full fervice ftiould be performed for them, fo long as the faid manor ihould continue undifputed, and in the hands of the convent.

By Joan de Botetout, lady of Weleye, widow of John de Botetout, and one of the fifters and coheirs of John de Someri, baron of Dudley i in the i ith of Edw. III. the manor of Wer-

VOL. V, C valeye

10 SHROPSHIRE,

valeye was given to this houfe for founding certain chantries, and performing feveral alms-deeds; and her fon, John de Botetout, gave the advowfons of the church of Clent, and chapel of Rowley, with the chapels thereunto belonging. And the faid John, in the 29th of Edw. III. alfo releafed the faid convent from the obligation of finding one canon, who was to celebrate divine fervice for his family, rcferving thofe chantries founded by his mother.

WOLSTON, bifhop of Worcefter, appropriated to this abbey, the before-mentioned church and chapel of Clent and Rowley, referving to the vicar there, who was to have the cure of fouls, a revenue eftimated at 10 1. per annum ; alfo a houfe or mefluagfr on the fouth fide of the church, with the adjacent curtilage or fpot of ground ; the houfe to be then built by the canons, but afterwards repaired and maintained by the vicar, who was alfo to receive the tithes, of calves, pigs, lambs, geefe, eggs, chick- ens, wood, milk, cheefe, wax, honey, bees, gardens, curtila- ges, fifheries, fifh, pigeons, mills, flax, hemp, wood, trees, fruit, pafture, and hay, and all other iinall tithes, in the faid parifti, except tithes of corn of all forts, and thofe of the lands belonging to the canons ; he was likewife to have mortuaries, both living and dead, the herbage of the church-yard, and all the altarage. Sir Hugh Burnell, governor of the caftle of Bridgenorth, and one of the favourites of king Rich. II. by his teftament, dated Oaober ad, 1417, 5th Hen. V. bequeathed his body to be buried in the choir of this abbey, near the body of Joyce his wife, under a fair tomb of alabafter, which he had before prepared.

AT the difiblution, this monaftery was valued at 280!. 133. 2d. ob. Dugdale; 337L i5s. 6d. ob. Speed. The fite and moft of the lands belonging to the monaftery, were granted 20th Hen VIII. to fir John Dudley.

IN Browne Willis's Hiftory of Abbies, is the foUowino- lift of abbots of this houfe :

I &

SHROPSHIRE. n

" IN Hen. Vlth. and Edw. IVth's. reigns, viz. 1432, and 1475, John Derby, L. L. B. occurs abbot; as does,

" THOMAS Brige, anno 1488 and 1500. In king Hen.VIIth's time, when the convent confided of 35 religious, as appears by their names returned at a vifitation.

" WILLIAM Taylor, lait abbot furrendred this convent, June 9th, 1539, and had a penfion of 661. 135. 4d." To this monaftery was granted, xoth Edw. IV. the fmall prasmonftra- tenfian priory of Dodford, in the parifh of Bromefgrove, in the county of Worcefter, dedicated alfo, like mofl of the order, to the blefled virgin ; Tanner, fays it was founded in the time of king John. The lands belonging to this houfe were, 26th Hen. VIII. valued only at 7!. per annum; and were granted, 30th Hen. VIII. together with thofe of Hales Owen, to fir John Dudley, who ihortly after alienated thofe of this priory to John Fownes. This view was drawn anno 1774.

LUDLOW CASTLE.

.LuDLow caftle was built by Roger de Montgomery foon after the conqueft, all the country hereabouts having been given him by the conqueror. Its walls by fome are faid to have for- merly been a mile in compafs ; but Leland in this meafure in- cludes thofe of the town. This caftle was feized by Henry I. its owner, Robert de Belefme, fon of Roger de Montgomery, having joined the party of Robert de Courthofe againft that king. It remained in the pofleflion of the crown at the acceffiori of king Stephen, but was neverthelefs garrifoned and held out againft him by Gervafe Pagnel, during the conteft with the emprefs Maud. Stephen, befieged, and, as fome write, took it anno 1139; but others affert, he was obliged to raife the fiege. In one of the attacks, prince Henry, fon of David king, of Scots, neAvly created earl of Northumberland, raihly ap- proaching too near the walls, was fnatched from his horfe by a

kind

,z SHROPSHIRE.

kind of grapling iron ; perhaps fomewhat fimilar to the corvus, one of the machines invented by Archimedes for the defence of Syracufe, and mentioned by Tacitus as ufed by the Romans againft Civilis. From this danger Henry was delivered by the king, who himfelf with great rifque and difficulty difengaged him.

IT remained in the crown till the fucceeding reign, when Hen. II. beftowed it on Fulk Fitz-Warine, called de Dinan, together with the vale below it, which lies on the banks of the river Corve, called Corve Dale. It was again in the crown in the 8th of king John, who granted it to Philip de Albani, from whofe family it came to the Lacies of Ireland, the laft of that houfe. Walter de Lacy, dying without iflue male, left the caftle to his grand-daughter Maud, the daughter of his deceafed fon Edward, and wife of Peter de Geneva or Jenevile, a Poic- tevin, and as fome fay, of the houfe of the duke of Lorain; from whofe pofterity it defcended again by a daughter to the Mortimers, from whom it parted hereditarily to the crown. But one moiety of the manor of Ludlow, upon the divifion of the eftate of Walter de Lacet, fell to Margery, another daugh- ter of the before-named Edward, who married John Verdon ; by whofe daughter, Ifabel, it pafled by marriage to William de Ferrers, of Okam. During the troubles between king Hen. II. and his barons, anno 1264, this caftle was taken by Simon de Montfort, earl of Leicefter.

IN the ^oth of Hen. VI. 1451, it belonged to Richard duke of York, who there drew up the declaration of his allegiance to the king, pretending the army of 10,000 men he had artem- bled in the marches of Wales, " was for the public wealth of the realme." This declaration, Stowe fays, he fubfcribed as follows: " In witnefs whereof I have figned this fchedule with my figne manuall, and fet thereunto my fignet of arms, written in my caftle of Ludlow the pth of January, the 3oth yeere of the raigne of my foveraigne lord king Hen. VI." Another sipology, much to the fame effeft, was likewife dated from this

caftle

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caftle by the fame duke 8 years afterwards ; when lord Audley had been defeated at Blore Heath, in Staffordfhire, by the earl of Salifbury, and Andrew Trollop and John Blunt had withdrawn themfelves from his party. Notwithftanding which, he, with diverfe others, were attainted of treafon at a parliament then held at Coventry; where (fays the laft cited authority) " their goods and poiTeffions efcheted, and their heires (were) difin- herited unto the ninth degree ; their tenants fpoiled of their goods, bemaimed and flain; the town of Ludlowe, belonging to the duke .of York, was robbed to the bare walls, and the dutchefs of York fpoiled of her goods." Hall fays, -Che caftle was likewife fpoyled, and that the king fent the dutchefs of Yorke with her two younger fonnes " to be kept in ward, witlj. the dutchefs of Buckyngham her fifter, where fhe continued a certain fpace."

IT came again to the crown in the reign of Edw. IV. whofe eldeft fon Edward, for a while kept his court here, under the tuition of lord Anthony Woodvile, and the lord Scales; being fent by his father, as Hall fays, " for juflicc to be doeen in the marches of Wales, to the ende that by the authorite of hys prefence, the wilde Welihemenne and evill difpofed perfonnes Ihould refrain from their accuftomed murthers and outrages."

FROM an act of refumption in Rot. Parl. ift Hen. VII. we learn that John Fowler was the conftable of this caftle, which was afterwards inhabited by prince Arthur, that king's eldeft fon, who died here anno 1502, aged only 16 years. His bowels are buried in the church of this town; and it is faid, his heart, contained in a leaden box, was taken up fome time ago. The particulars of his funeral are printed in the laft edition of Leland's Collectanea, where a very remarkable circumftance occurs: " all things thus fmifhed (fays this account), there \vas ordeyned a great dinner : and in the morne a proclamation was made openly in that cittie, that if any man could (hewe any victuals unpaid in that country, that had been taken by any of that rioble prince's fervants before tlut daye, they fhould

VOL. V. D come

14 SHROPSHIRE.

come and fhewe it to the late fteward, comptroller, and cofferer, and they fhould be contented." This proclamation does great honour to Hen. VII. efpecially confidering the avaricious tem- per attributed to him.

FROM the reign of Hen. VIII, when the court of the marches of Wales was inftituted, it feems to have remained in the crown; the court being held in the caftle, and the lord pre- Ikient of the marches refiding there. It was in repair in the time of Charles I. and inhabited anno 1634, by the earl of Bridgewater, at that time lord prefident; when Milton's mafque of Comus, was reprefented, the principal parts being performed by his lordfhip's ions and daughter; in which mafque the caftle was reprefented in one of the fcenes. During the civil war of that reign, Ludlow was for awhile kept as a garrifon for the king; but on the 9th of June, 1646, was delivered up to the parliament. At prefent it belongs to the crown, and a fort of governor is appointed to it ; but the building is fuffered to fall to ruin.

A VERY juft and accurate account of this caftle is given in the tour through Great-Britain, in thefe words: "the caftle of Ludlow fhews plainly, in its decay, what it was in its flou- rifhing eftate. It is the palace of the prince of Wales, in right of his principality.

" ITS fituation is indeed moft beautiful. There is a moft fpa- cious plain or lawn in its front, which formerly continued near two miles ; but much of it is now enclofed. The country round it is exceeding pleafant, fertile, populous, and the foil rich; nothing can be added by nature to make it a place fit for a royal palace. It is built in the north weft angle of the town upon a rock, commanding a delightful profpeft northward, and on the weft is (haded by a lofty hill, and waihed by the river The battlements are of great height and thicknefs, with towers at convenient diftances. The half which is within the walls of the town, is fecured with a deep ditch ; the other is founded on a fohd rock. A chapel here has abundance of coats of arms

upon

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upon the pannels; as has the hall, together with lances, fpears, firelocks, and old armour.

" IT will be no wonder that this noble caftle is in the very perfection of decay, when we acquaint our readers, that the pixfent inhabitants live upon the fale of the materials. All the fine courts, the royal apartments, halls, and rooms of ftate, lie open and abandoned, and fome of them falling down , for fince the courts of the prefident of the marches are taken away, here is nothing that requires the attendance of any pub- lic perfons ; fo that time, the great devourer of the works- of men, begins to eat into the ftone walls, and to fpread the face of ruin upon the whole fabric. Over feveral of the liable-doors are the arms of queen Elizabeth, the earls of Pembroke, &c." The fword of ftate carried before the princes of Wales, was very lately remaining.

THE town of Ludlow was called by the Welch, Dinan and Lhyftwafoc, i. e. the prince's palace, probably from the caftle. It ftands at the confluence of the Temd and Cprve, was for- tified with walls and towers, and had feven gates, alfo a hand- fome church with curious painted glafs. It is a corporation governed by bailiffs and burgeffes, and fends two members to parliament ; it has a market on Mondays. Its chief note arofe from its being the place where the court for the marches of Wales was kept ; firft instituted by Hen. VIII. for the conve- nience of the Welch and neighbouring inhabitants. It con- fifted of a lord prefident, feveral counfellors, a fecretary, an attorney, folicitor, and four juftices of the counties of Wales, and was held in the caftle: but this court becoming a great grievance to the fubject, was diffolved by an act of parliament patted in the firft year of king William and queen Mary. This drawing was made anno 1774-

GENLOCK

i6 SHROPSHIRE.

WEN LOCK MONASrERT.

THIS monaftcry takes its denomination from the town of Wenlock, near which it ftands, and which is fituated about ten miles fouth-eaft of Shrewfbury, and gives its name to the hundred. This houfe was, as it is faid, founded about the year 680, by Milburga, daughter of king Merwald, and niece to Wolphere, king of Mercia; ihe prefided as abbefs over it, and at her death was buried here. According to Mathew of Weftminfter, her grave was long after difcovered by accident, when many miracles w^ere performed. The monaftery was deftroyed by the Danes, but reftored by Leofric, earl of Chefter, temp. Edward the confeflbr; but again falling to decay, and being forfaken, it was, in the i4th of William the conqueror, rebuilt and endowed by Roger de Montgomery, earl of ArundeJ, Chichefter and Shrewfbury, a perlbn of vaft pofieffions in thefe parts. So fays William of Malmfbury; but both Brompton and Leland attribute its reiteration to Warin, earl of Shrewf- bury.

THIS laft refounder (whofoever he was) placed therein a prior and convent of cluniac monks, who were looked upon as a cell to the houfe de Caritate in France, and fuffered the fame fate with other alien priories, till the 1 8th Rich. II. when it was made indigenous, or naturalifed. In Rymer this is called the fecond houfe of the order; but Prynne mentions it as a cell to the abbey of Cluny. It was dedicated to St. Milburga, and, at the a6th Hen.VIII. had revenues to the yearly value of 401!. os. yd. q. clear, as Dugdale; and 434!. is. ad. ob. in the whole. It was granted, 36th Hen.VIII. to Auguftino de Auguftini. This monaftery was at nrft called Wimnicas, but in after times its .legal ftile was Wenlock Magna, or Moche Wenlock.

IN the Monafticon is the patent of king Edw. III. reciting and confirming the charter of liabella de Say, Udy of Clun,

whereby

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whereby (he granted to thefe monks the church of St. George at Clun, with feven chapels depending on it; namely, the chapel of St. Thomas, in Clun ; of St. Mary, at Waterdune ; St. Swithin, at Clnmbierie ; St. Mary, at Clintune ; St. Mary, at Appitune ; with thofe of Eggedune and Subbledune. There is likeivife an inquifition, taken the 29th of Edw. I. determin- ing the right of prefentation to the cell of Frene to be in the monks of Wenlock. In Stevens's fupplement, vol. II. p. 14, feven deeds are tranflated into Englifh from the Latin originals, then in the hands of Francis Canning, Efq. of Foxcote, in the county of Warwick, viz. the deed of Geoffry de Say for the manor of Dudintun; confirmation of that deed by Hen. II. another deed of the fame king, granting, that thefe monks might always enjoy the faid manor, unlefs he or his heirs gave them nl. per annum, in churches or other things, in lieu of it. Charter of Hen. III. to them for the faid manor, anno regni 46, p. 15. The deed's of William Mitleton and Adam Fitz-William about a yard-land in Mitleton. A compofition between Simon dean of Brug, and the prior and convent of