NEW YORK

ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Third Annual Reception

and Hxhibit of

Recent Progress in Science
in the

American Museum of Natural History

March 26th

1896

Conmnittees.

Honorary Committee of Members.

ADDISON BROWN, MORRIS KK JESUP;

CHARLES) PDAEY, SETH LOW,

WILLIAM E. DODGE, J. PIERPONT MORGAN,

Bol. GODKIN, OSWALD OTTENDORFER,
ABRAM S. HEWITT, WILLIAM C. SCHERMERHORN.

Reception and Exhibition Committee.

J. J. STEVENSON, President of the Acadeyty.
J. A. ALLEN, CHARLES F. COX,
Ny Le BRITTON, WILLIAM HALLOCK,
HENRY F. OSBORN, Chazrman.

_ Special Committee of Arrangements.

J. L. WORTMAN, HERBERT T. WADE.

General Committee

Puysics: WILLIAM HALLOCK anp HERBERT T. WADE,
Evectricity: M. I. PUPIN.

PHOTOGRAPHY: CORNELIUS VAN BRUNT.

CHEMISTRY: MORRIS LOEB AnD C. E. PELLEW.
Astronomy: HAROLD JACOBY.

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New York
ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.

FOUNDED: IN 1SiZ.

ORGANIZATION.

The Academy is fourth in point of age among the American
scientific societies. It was organized in 1817 as the Lyceum of
Natural History, and the present title was adopted in 1876. The
constitution and organization are designed to make the Academy
broadly representative of Science. The meetings and publica-
tions of the Academy are therefore open to all departments of
scientific research.

The former Presidents have been: Dr. Samuel L. Mitchill,
1817-1823. Professor John Torrey, 1824-1826; 1836. Major
Joseph Delafield, 1827-1837; 1839-1865. Professor Charles
A. Joy, 1866-1867. Professor John S. Newberry, 1868-1892.
Professor O. B. Hubbard, 1892-1893. Dr. H. Carrington Bol-
ton, 1893-1894. Professor John K. Rees, 1894-1896.

MEMBERSHIP.

Honorary Members are limited to fifty in number, and are
elected from the representative scientific men of the world.
Corresponding Members are also chosen from distinguished men
in different parts of the world who engage in the prosecution of
some branch of research, the results of which they are expected
to communicate to the Academy from time to time. This list
now includes over 300 names.

Fellows are chosen from among the Resident Members, in
recognition of scientific attainments or services; they form the
Council and the main working body, and conduct the business of |
the Academy.

6

Resident Membership is not restricted to specialists, but is
open to those who take a general interest in science and desire
to promote the work of the Academy by their subscriptions.

The Initiation Fee is $5, and the annual dues are $10. Pay-
ment of these confers upon Members full privileges and the
right to all publications. By payment of $100 a Member may
become a Life Member, commuting his annual dues. Donors
of $250 become Patrons, and have all the privileges of Life or
Resident Members. ©

Resident and Corresponding Members are elected as fol-
lows: The candidates are proposed publicly, in writing, at any
meeting, by a Fellow or Member; and the nominations, together
with the name of the person making them, are referred to the
Council; if approved, the candidates may be elected by ballot at
any succeeding business meeting.

PUBLICATIONS. ;

The publications of the Academy at present consist of three
series— Zhe Annals, The Transactions and The Memoirs.
Both are distributed to Members and Fellows, and are circulated
in exchange for the publications of nearly all the foreign Acad-
emies and learned Societies. The Annals opened in 1824 and
are now in the ninth volume of the second series; altogether
nineteen volumes have been issued. They contain the longer
contributions and reports of researches, and have given world-wide
reputation to the Academy. The Transactions were begun in
1881; they contain a record of the meetings, including abstracts
of the shorter papers, and are now in the thirtieth volume.
The Transactions appear regularly in signatures, or are sent in
complete octavo volumes at the end of the year, according to the
wishes of Members. Under the present system of printing, an
author can secure immediate publication and distribution of a
discovery in which it is important to establish priority. The
present edition of both the Annals and Transactions is 1000.
The Memoirs are issued in quarto form and are adapted to pa-
pers requiring large plates or tabulations. They were begun in
the current year and one number has been already issued.

4

LIBRARY.
The Library numbers over 18,000 titles, and is especially rich

in sets of the publications of American and Foreign Societies.
In this respect it is one of the most complete in this country. It
is now shelved in a special room of the Library building at Co-
lumbia College, and is accessible to Members from § A. M. to 10
P. M., every day of the year.

MEETINGS.

The Academy at present enjoysthe hospitality of Columbia
College in the use of Hamilton Hall. There is, however, no
official connection between the Academy and the College. Meet-
ings are held every Monday at § p. M., from October to May in-
clusive. One evening of the month is given to a general busi-
ness and scientific session. The other evenings are given to the
Astronomical and Physical, Biological (Phfsiology, Zodlogy,
Botany), Geological and Mineralogical sections. Other sections
may be formed by a vote of the Council and one is now being
organized in Philology and Philosophy. Each of the Sectional
evenings is devoted mainly to respective papers and discussions.
All the meetings are open to the public and are announced with
the subjects of the papers to be read in the bulletins of the
Scientific Alliance of New York.

POPULAR LECTURES.

The Academy is largely aided in its scientific work by its
general membership, and the course of illustrated popular lec-
tures arranged for each winter is specially for the benefit of the
general Members and of the public. The subjects of the lec-
tures are chosen from different branches of science, and are de-
signed to present in a popular manner the latest results of re-
search. Each member receives two. Course tickets, and addi-
tional tickets can be procured. During the present year, 1895-6,
the lectures are being delivered in the large lecture room of the
Columbia Law School.

Persons desiring to jointhe Academy or support its scientific
work by subscription should address,

THE SECRETARY,
New York Academy of Sctence,
CotumBia University, New York Ciry.

OFFICERS OF THE ACADEMY,

1896-7.
President.
J. J. STEVENSON.
First Vice-President, Second Vice-President,
H. F. Ossorn. R. S. Woopwarop.

Corresponding Secretary, D. S. MARTIN.
Recording Secretary, J. F. Kemp.
Treasurer, C. F. Cox.
Librarian, ARTHUR HOLLICK.

COUNCILLORS.

ees ue, cay: WI1LL1AM HALLock,
N. L. Britton, Jj. Ko. REEs,
R. E. Doves, WILLIAM STRATFORD.
CURATORS.
HG. Dvaxr; ls. | H. ‘LAvupy,
Gk. ‘Kung, HEINRICH RIEs,

W. D. SCHOONMAKER.

FINANCE COMMITTEE.

Henry DupDLey, J. He Hinton;
CorRNELIUS VAN BRUNT.

OFFICERS OF THE SECTIONS.
SECTION OF ASTRONOMY AND PHYSICS.
R.S. Woopwarp, Chazrman. W. HaAtiock, Secretary.

SECTION OF BIOLOGY.
J. G. Curtis, Chairman. C. L. BrisToi, Secretary.

SECTION OF GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY.
J. J. STEVENSON, Chairman. J. ¥F. Kemp, Secretary.

SECTION OF ANTHROPOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY AND PHILOLOGY.

(Organization not perfected before the Reception. )

ASTRONOMY.
A

In CuHarce oF Haroip Jacosy.

1. PHoroGrapus Illustrating Objects Discovered at Harvard

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College Observatory. Exhibit of Harvard College
Observatory, E. C. Pickering, Director.

. Harvard College Observatory, Cambridge Station.
. Arequipa Station, elevation 8,o60 ft. El Misti in the

background.

. Summit of E] Misti, elevation 19,200 ft.

Meteorograph on El] Misti, records temperature, pres-
sure, moisture, direction and velocity of wind for three
months without winding.

. Bruce Photographic Telescope, aperture 24 inches.

Removal of Bruce Telescope to Peru.

Meteor trail. Arequipa, September 6, 1895.

No. 7, enlarged 6 times.

Portion of Moon.

Jupiter, Saturn.

Nebulosity surrounding 7 Carine, exposure 14 hours.
Cluster w Centauri, exposure 6 hours. Contains 30 va-
riable stars.

. Cluster in Canes Venatici [N. G. C. 5272]. Contains

87 variable stars.
Cluster in Serpens [N. G. C. 5904]. Contains 46 va-

riable stars.

. Cluster in Serpens [N. G. C. 5904]. Taken two hours

later than No. 14 and showing change in brightness of
several of the stars.

. Cluster in Sagittarius [N. G. C. 6656]. Contains 4

variable stars.

. New Star in Perseus, 1887.
. New Star in Norma, 1893.
. New Star in Carina, 1895.

9

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New Star in Centaurus, 1895.

. Spectra of Stars in vicinity of 7 Carine.

Spectra of Stars in cluster in Carina [N. G. C. 3532].
Discovery of new variable stars from their spectra.
New Algol variable in Delphinus.

Light curves of variable stars.

. PHotocrapus of Planetary Spectra made with the Spectro-

scope of the Allegheny observatory. Exhibit of Prof. J.

E. Keeler, Allegheny, Pa.

These photographs were made either for the purpose of

determining the relative motion in the line of sight of dif-
ferent parts of the surface of a planet, or for determining
whether it is possible to detect the existence of an atmos-
phere around a planet by absorption lines in its spectrum.

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Spectrum of Jupiter, region of Hy, October 16, 1892.
No comparison spectrum.

Spectrum of Jupiter; region of yellow green, February
24, 1895. Sky spectrum for comparison. Original
negative.

The obliquity of the planetary lines is due to the rota-

tion of Jupiter.

ae
4.

Positive Copy of (2).

Spectrum of Jupiter; region of D, February 26, 1895.
Sky spectrum for comparison.

This spectrum extends far de/ow the principal water-

vapor band 0, which, however, does not appear on the
photograph, as the negative was developed for the D
lines.

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Spectrum of Saturn; focus on 45352. April 9, 1895.
Lunar comparison spectrum. Original negative. First
measurement of relative velocities in the system of
Saturn. (Astrophysical Journal, May and June, 1895.)
Spectrum of Saturn, April 28, 1895. Positive copy.
Spectrum of Venus, April 23, 1895, with simultane-
ously photographed sky spectrum. The planetary
lines are displaced slightly toward the violet by the
approaching motion of Venus.

Il.

II

8. Spectrum of Venus, with simultaneously photographed
sky spectrum, November 12, 1895. This photograph
was made with a diffraction grating (3d spectrum,
H;) and a camera of 28 in. focus, and shows the highest
dispersion that it has been practicable to use so far.
Made in connection with experiments, not yet com-
pleted, on the possibility of determining the rotation
period of Venus by spectroscopic methods.

9. Solar Spectrum, same apparatus as for No. 8, showing
the definition of the instrument under favorable cir-
cumstances. ;

10. Enlargement of Spectrum of Saturn, April 17, 1895.

11. Enlargement of Spectrum of Saturn, region of Hy,
May 16, 1895. By Prof. W. W. Campbell, with the
Lick Spectrograph. (Astrophysical Journal, August,
1895. )

S1x-incH EquaToRIAL TELESCOPE. New Model.
IMPROVED FILAR MICROMETER.

PHOTOGRAPHS OF LARGE EQUATORIALS.
Nos. 3-5 exhibited by Messrs. Warner & Swasey,
Cleveland, O.
SPECTROSCOPE to fit six-inch equatorial.

Very small SPECTROSCOPE.

HELIOSCOPE.

TELESCOPE OBJECTIVES.

ACCURATE PLANE and PARALLEL SURFACES.

No. 6-10 exhibited by J. A. Brashear, Allegheny, Pa.

Microscope THEODOLITE, by Wannschaff of Berlin, made
1895.

LANTERN SLIDES from original negatives'of the following
obiects :

1. Eta Argus, from negatives made at the Cape of
Good Hope Observatory by C. Ray Woods, under
the direction of Dr. Gill. Exposure times vary
from five minutes to twenty-five hours. For com-
parison, Herschel’s drawing of 1834 will be shown.

12

2. Variable star in Vela, several photographs, show-
ing the variation of the star.
3. Specimen plates of the Astro-photographic Cata-
logue and Chart work at the Cape of Good Hope
Observatory.
Nos. 11 and 12 exhibited by Columbia University Observa-
tory, J. KoyRees, Director:

PHY SiCs.
Es

In CHARGE OF WILLIAM HALLOCK.

1. Dippin PENTANE Lamp. Exhibited by Alexander C. Hum-
phreys. The Standard of illumination adopted in Lon-
don. It is approximately equal to to candles.

2 POLARISCOPE, special form designed by Prof. A. M. Mayer.
Exhibited by the Department of Physics, of Columbia
University.

3. Two Mirror Hetiostat. Designed by Prof. A. M.
Mayer. Exhibited by the Department of Physics, of
Columbia University.

4. APPARATUS FOR SHOWING THE VIBRATION OF A STRING.
Designed by Prof. W. L. Robb. Exhibited by O. N-
Rood.

APPARATUS FOR VoICcE ANALysis. A modification of the
Keenig apparatus, with photographic record. Accom-

Sti

panied by a set of corresponding organ-pipes.
6. PHoToGraApus of the same vowel in typical voices.
7. PHoroGraPus of different vowels in the same voice.

8. APPARATUS FOR PHOTOGRAPHING THE VOCAL CorDs IN
Action. A combination of laryngoscopic mirror, spe-
cial Camera and Shutter.

10.

II.

Ls

. PHOTOGRAPHS OF VOCAL Corps IN ACTION ON DIFFERENT

PircHEs. Showing the rotation of the aretynoid carti-
lages and consequent shortening of the vibrating jength
of the cords.

Nos. 5-9, exhibited by W. Hallockand F. S. Muckey.

R6ONTGEN PHoTocrapus. Exhibited by W. L. Robb, W.
W. Griscom and W. Le Conte Stevens.

RGNTGEN PHOTOGRAPHS AND APPARATUS. Exhibited by
O. N. Rood.

. Ps—eupO-RONTGEN PuHoToGRAPHS. Exhibited by H. S.

Curtis. Made by sunlight through an ebonite slide.

. MAHLER’s MopiIFIcATION of Berthelot’s Calorimeter. Ex-

hibited by J. Struthers.

. THompson’s CALORIMETER. Exhibited by J. Struthers.
. Lovisonp TINTOMETER. Exhibited by C. F. Chandler.

. Micro-STEROGRAPH. Exhibited by O. N. Rood. Taken

by a special method.

- MopIFICATION OF REGNAULT’S SpEciIFIC HEatT Appa-

RATuUS. Exhibited by the Department of Physics, of
Columbia University.

EE CRRICEEY.
C

In CHARGE oF M. I. PuPin.

1. APPARATUS for studying long electric waves, and curves,

plotted from experimental data, illustrating the distribu--
tion of long electric waves along a conductor. Exhibited
by Prof. M. I. Pupin.

An alternating electric current is propagated along a
long conducting line, say a telephone wire, by a series of
progressive waves. The exhibit represents an artificial
conductor of 500 miles in length corresponding to a long
distance telephone line of the same length and the meas-

14

7
urements obtained with it represent the first experimental
data that have ever been obtained in this field of electric
research.

to

ApparATUuS for studying the magnetic lag in closed magnetic
circuits and diagrams, plotted from experimental data,
recording the results obtained. Exhibited by Chas. T.
Rittenhouse, Fellow in Electricity, Columbia University.

When iron is magnetized by a rapidly varying force
the magnetization does not keep in step with the force, but
lags behindit. This lag is due to induced currents in the
mass of the iron and to internal viscosity; it is especially
strong in closed magnetic circuits, and increases with the
increase of the speed of the magnetizing force, but dimin-
ishes with the increase of temperature.

3. APPARATUS employed for generating the radiant energy dis-

covered by Professor Réntgen. Exhibited by Prof. M.
I) Popir.

A rotating current interruptor and induction coil and
different types of Crooke’s and electrodeless tubes.

4. SILHOUETTES or RapioGRAPHS obtained by the Rontgen

method. Exhibited by several physicists whose names

are attached to the several exhibits.

CHEMISTRY.
1

In CHARGE oF C. E. PELLEW AND Morris LOEB.

rt. ArRGon AND Hetium. Exhibited by Charles E. Pellew and
Samuel A. Tucker.

Argon and Helium are two newly discovered elements
of the Nitrogen group. Argon occurs in minute particles
in the atmosphere. ;

Helium was first discovered by the spectroscope, in the
atmosphere of the sun, and more recently has been pre-
pared in bulk from Monazite and other minerals.

_
Nn

The exhibit shows tubes of Argon and Helium, ren-
dered incandescent by the electric spark, so as to exhibit
the characteristic spectra.

Also tubes containing large amounts of Helium, and
the apparatus for preparing Helium from Monazite.

2. Norman Heptyit SutrocyaniwE. Exhibited by Marston
T. Bogert, of the Department of Organic Chemistry,
School of Mines, Columbia University.

This compound, hitherto unknown, was prepared by
the exhibitor in January, 1896. Its graphic formula is:

GH (ena SON:
Sp Gr. = 0.931 @,. 15° €.
Bs P= 230-234° C.
When freshly distilled, it forms a colorless oil, which
gradually turns yellow when exposed to light and air.

PHOTOG RAPTLTY.
=)

In CHARGE OF CORNELIUS VAN BrRuNT.

1. AnTI-HALo, for preventing halation, with plate coated and
plates showing the difference.

2. META-CARBOL, a new developing material, with bottle of
developer and negatives.

3. STIPPLE PLATES, the use of which will prevent retouching.
These are to be used in contact with the plates during
exposure in the camera, with prints illustrating the same.

4. OLMSTED’s LANTERN SLIDE MATS, from which any design
or size of Mat can be cut without the aid of a ruler.

5. Wywnne’s Exposure METER, a pocket apparatus for giving
the correct time of exposure.

I

9.

10.

13.

14.

16

DALMEYER BERGHEIM PORTRAIT LENSE.

DALMEYER STIGMATIC LENSE.

Nos. 1-7 exhibited by E. and H. T. Anthony.

New Puotrocrapuic APPARATUS. Exhibited by Scoville
& Adams Co.

Hicu-ciass and. NovEL ‘‘ PRojECTION APPARATUS.” Ex-
hibited by J. B. Colt & Co.

New LANTERNS and apparATus. Exhibited by Charles

Beseler.

. SAMPLES OF ARTOTYPE, in color.

. SAMPLES OF FACSIMILE.
Nos. 11 and 12 exhibited by Edward Bierstadt.

PHOTO-MICROGRAPHS, in three colors. Exhibited by Edw.
Leaming, M. D.

24 PHOTOGRAPHS OF ‘‘ LIGHTNING.” Exhibited by W. N.

Jennings.

I.

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“I

First photograph of lightning ever taken, to prove that
the discharge is wavy, not zzgzag, as usually repre-
sented by artists. Taken September 2, 1882, at
Philadelphia.

Photograph clearly demonstrating the truth of the
‘¢wavy line” theory of lightning.

Artificial lightning (Holtz machine discharged) for
comparison with real ‘* Jersey Lightning.”

Divided discharge (forked lightning).

‘¢‘ Branched” lightning, explaining ‘‘tree marks” often
found upon the bodies of persons struck by light-
ning.

Artificial ‘* branched” discharge (the spark from a
Holtz machine flashed directly across the face of
the photographic plate, no lens being employed).

. Parallel discharges. Stratification due to movement

of conducting path by the wind.

a7

8. Holtz machine ‘‘ Brush” discharge (Photographic
plate being placed horizontally between the elec-
trodes), showing electric ‘* lines of force.”

g. Holtzmachine spark (plate being placed vertically be-
tween the electrodes), showing electric ‘‘ lines of
foree:”

10. Meandering discharge. Illustrating the service of trees
during a thunder storm—to dissipate, neutralize or
conduct the discharge.

11. ** Beaded” or ‘* Rosary” lightning. Supposed to be
the track of a rotating ball of fire moving through
space. A ‘* thunderbolt.”

12. ** Beaded” or ** Rosary ” lightning.

3. Two parallel discharges branching from a main stem.

14. Radial lightning. The discharge having the appear-
ance of heat-cracked glass.

15. Collision of two discharges in mid-air, and the produc-
tion of ** thunderbolts.”

16. **Ribbon” lightning. (An oscillating discharge
moved by the wind.) Caught on the prairie of
North Dakota at midnight from the rear platform of
an express train.

15. REPRODUCTION OF THE THREE CoLor Process. Negatives
and plates untouched by hand. Examples are from Life,
Nature, Still Life, Paintings, produced by the N. Y.
Photogravure Company. Exhibited by Ernest Edwards.

16. RADIOGRAPHS WITH ‘‘ ROENTGEN” Rays, and other photo-

graphs. Exhibited by John S. McKay.

1. Photographs of Apparatus used in producing Réntgen
rays. .

2. Radiographs of hand containing bullet. Frog with
broken leg. Bird with shot in body.

3- Radiographs showing skeletons of small animals.
Frog, turtle, salamander, etc.

4. Radiographs showing relative capacity to ‘‘ Réntgen
rays” of various solids and liquids.

1S

Ke Electrographs of Coins taken in the dialectric of a
condensor.

6. Photograph of bottom of developing tray broken in a
dark room, upon plates which had been exposed
to ** Réntgen” rays.

7. Radiographs of a Key taken at more than six feet from
vacuum tube.

17. Arc Lamp For PHOTOGRAPHY, Which operates under con-
ditions of absolute steadiness for all photographic pur-
poses.

18. SCREEN FOR DIFFUSING LIGHT, assuming many different
shapes by a touch.
Nos. 17 and 18 exhibited by the International Lamp Co.

GEOLOGY:
i:

IN CHARGE OF J. J. STEVENSON.

I. Suite of Orrs, Rocks and PHoToGRaApus from Cripple
Creek, Colorado. Exhibited by Prof. J. F. Kemp.
The ore deposits are oftenest associated with dikes of
phonolite or nepheline-basalt that penetrate the red gran-
ite of the Pike’s Peak region, or a decomposed breccia of
andesite. They also line in veins which fill more or less
irregular fissures in the andesite breccia away from dikes.
The ores are fresh or decomposed telluride of gold.

This district was described before the Academy, Feb-
ruary 7, 1896.

2. Suite of Ores, Rocks and PHoroGrapus from the Bertha
and Wythe Zinc mines, in southwest Virginia. Exhib-
ited by Prof. J. F. Kemp. The Siluro-Cambrian lime-
stone has been originally charged with zinc blende and
pyrites at the Bertha mines, and with these and galena at
the Wythe mines. It has decomposed, leaving a residual

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clay. The zinc blend has yielded calamine, a hydrated
silicate of zinc, that has leached down and formed incrus-
tations on the undecomposed limestone.

These mines were described to the Academy Novem-

ber 18, 1895.

3. Suite of SpecrmENs from Essex County, N. Y., showing the
development of crushed and brecciated rocks and gneisses
from. originally massive igneous forms. Exhibited by
Prof. J. F. Kemp. The specimens are the labradorite
rock and gabbros from the Adirondacks. No. 1 shows a
massive, coarsely crystalline aggregate of dark crystals of
labradorite from Lake Sanford; in No. 2 and following
numbers the minerals are more and more crushed until
only a pulp of the original rock is left in No. 13. Nos.
14-19 show the development of gneissoid forms; Nos. 20
and following exhibit the passage of massive gabbro into
hornblende gneiss. The changes were brought about by
dynamic metamorphism.

4. Series of Rock SpEcIMENS, Maps and Puotrocrapus illus-
trating the geology of Mount Desert Island, Maine, and
vicinity. Exhibited by Theodore G. White, Geological
Department, Columbia University.

This embraces the original metamorphosed, unfossil-
iferous slates, through which the following rocks were
ejected: The red granite, forming the central core of the:
island; rhyolites, varying in type and structure; repre-
sentatives of a few of the dikes; ores and associated rocks
from the Blue Hill and Cape Rosier, Maine, copper
mines; contorted quartzose schists from Blue Hill.

5. Set of Rocks from the southern portion of the Boston Basin,
Mass., collected by Prof. W. O. Crosby. Exhibited by
Theodore G. White.

This series embraces the Paradoxzdes slates of Brain-
tree; the Quincy hornblendic granite; biotitic granite ;
diorites and dioritic granites; flow and_ porphyritic’

20

rhyolites of the Blue Hills and their gradations; the mel-
aphyr outflow and accompanying conglomerates of
Hough’s Neck; selections from the dikes.

6. Series of SpEciMENS from Montreal, Canada. Collected and
exhibited by Theodore G. White.
1. Mile-End quarries; Trenton and Chazy limestone.
2. Corporation quarries; eleolite syenite and associated
limestone, slates, granites and dikes. The elzolite syenite
here cuts the Trenton limestone and is older than the
Helderberg, because boulders of it are found in the Hel-
derberg conglomerate.

7. BauxirE and AssociaTED CLays from northwestern Georgia
and northeastern Alabama with photographs of the mines.
Exhibited by Heinrich Ries.

This material, which is used for the manufacture of
alum and aluminum, occurs ina belt about 40 miles long.
Its formation is due to the action of hot springs.

8. Dixes from Dorset Mt., Vt. Exhibited by Heinrich Ries.
These dikes are found in the marble quarries at several
points.

g. VARIEGATED MarsLEs from Swanton, Vt. Exhibited by
Heinrich Ries.

10. A series of GNerssic Rocks and Dixkes from the Highlands.
of Orange Co., N. Y. Exhibited by Heinrich Ries.

The Highlands of Orange Co., N. Y., are composed

of a series of gneisses and gneissic rocks with occasional
interbedded limestones and deposits of magnetite. These
rocks are cut by many dikes of diabase and diorite. They
will be described in the report of the State Geologist for
1895-

11. Kaourns from North Carolina, collected by J. A. Holmes.
Exhibited by Heinrich Ries.

12. Porpuyritic GNeEiss and InTrusive Rocks of the Cort-
landt series from Bedford village, Westchester Co., N. Y-
Exhibited by L. M. Luquer and Heinrich Ries.

21

This peculiar phase is marked with the development of
phenocrysts of feldspar. They were furthermore pene-
trated by gabbroitic rocks. These latter represent a new
and undescribed extension of the Cortlandt series to the
eastward.

13. SERIES of Coats from Madrid, New Mexico. Exhibited by
Erol.) J. J. Stevenson:
These are from the Old Placer coal field and show the
passage from bituminous to anthracite coal.
14. Specimens of AspHaLT from Indian Territory. Exhibited
by Prof. J. J. Stevenson.
This material is obtained from the Upper Carboniferous
beds of south-central Indian Territory.
15. A series of LrEap and Zinc Ores from Joplin, Mo. Ex-

Ge

hibited by Prof. J. J. Stevenson.

A series of Rock Sat SPECIMENS, collected from central
New York by C. Q. Freeman. Exhibited by Prof. J. J.

Stevenson.

MINERALOGY.
G

In CHARGE OF EpmuND Otis Hovey.
. LorANDITE, with REeatGar, Macedonia. A compound of
Tl, As and S, a new mineral.

OLIVENITE, Centennial Mine, Tintic Dist., Utah. Very fine
crystals.

.

. SYLVANITE, Cripple Creek, Colorado.

4. GripuiTE, Riverton Lode, near Harney City, S. D. A rare,

problematical phosphate of Al, Mn, Ca, Na, etc.

. ARGYROPYRITE and PyrarGyrirTE, Freiberg, Saxony.

16.

18.

22

LITHIOPHORITE, Rengersdorf, Germany. A manganese ore
containing lithium.

PowELtitTE, Calumet, Mich. <A new locality for this rare
mineral.

AEGIRITE, Langesund, Norway. A fine, large crystal.
EPISTILBITE, Bernfiord, Iceland.

Opa, Frankenstein, Silesia. Green.

CassITERITE, Lake Titicaca, Bolivia.

KyLINDRITE, Santa Cruz Mine, Poopé, Bolivia. Pb,Sb,-
Sn,S,- A new mineral.

SuLPHuR, Japan. Contains tellurium.
BariTE, Silver Plume, Colorado. A large crystal.
BariumM-FE.tpspar, Grythyltan, Sweden.

ASBEFERRITE, Grythyltan, Sweden. An iron-manganese
amphibole.

GANOMALITE, Nordmarken, Sweden. A rare silicate of
lead, calcium and manganese.

MANGANHISINGERITE, Silfberg, Sweden.
MANGANAPATITE, Horrsjoberg, Sweden.
MANGANBRUCITE, Nordmarken, Sweden.
MANGANOSTIBIITE.

BIHARITE, Rezbanya.

CARPHOSIDERITE, Romanche, France.
VESZELYITE, Vaseo.

Wap, Romanche, France. Var. Groroitlite.

MuscovirTE, Lincoln Co., N. C. Transparent green crys
tals.

APoOPHYLLITE, Paterson, N. J.

ZirRcON, Ceylon. Cut gems.

33°

34-

=)
ANDALUSITE, Brazil. Cut gem.

Rusy, Paris, France. Artificial production.

. WHEWELLITE, Zwickau, Saxony.

THAuMASITE, Areskuta, Sweden.’ From the original lo-
cality. Compare with that from West Paterson, N. J.,
recently discovered.

CaucirE, Richelsdorf, Hesse. Calc-sinter colored by co-

balt.

Ca.ciTE, Richelsdorf, Hesse. Calc-sinter colored by cop-
per.

. CROcIDOLITE, Cochabamba, Bolivia. New locality.
. Gop, Verespatak, Hungary.

. PHOSGENITE, Monte Poni, Sardinia. On galenite.

. MELANOPHLOGITE, Ragalmuto, Sicily. On sulphur.
. Lautire, Nr. Marienberg, Saxony. With arsenic.

. PHOLERITE, Kohlendorf, Sweden. A form of kaolinite.

With millerite.

. GALENOBISMUTITE, Falun, Sweden. Contains selenium.
. TELLURIUM, Nagyag, Transylvania. With nagyagite.
. Tac, Thiersheim, Bavaria. Pseudomorph after quartz.

. Tatc, Thiersheim, Bavaria. Pseudomorph after dolomite.

A collection illustrating the association of minerals in
the pegmatite veins near Bedford, N. Y.

. URANINITE and URANOTILE.
. AUTUNITE.

. MENACCANITE (ILMENITE).
. TOURMALINE.

. GARNET.

) QuanTz, ia, White

jo"

a7"

60.

. FELDSPAR ‘‘augen’

24

6, Rose.
c, Smoky.
FELDSPAR.

FELDSPAR and QuarRTz intergrowth forming ‘‘ Graphic
granite.”

in gneiss.

. MUSCOVITE.

. BIOTITE.

Nos. 1 to 57 exhibited by the Mineralogical Depart-
ment of Columbia University, through Prof. Thomas Eg-
leston and Dr. Lea MclI. Luquer.

. ORTHOCLASE, very large crystals, with specimens of asso-

ciated minerals from veins of coarse pegmatite on the
north shore of Long Island Sound.

Collected (1895) and exhibited by Prof. J. F. Kemp,
Columbia University.

TourMALINE. Bethel, Conn. A very large crystal. Ex-
hibited by Prof. E. S. Dana, Yale University.

Frporow UnIvEerRSAL MicroscoPpE STAGE, combined with
the KLEIN ‘‘ UNIVERSAL-DREHAPPARAT ;” made by R.
Fuess in Berlin after the plans of Prof. E. von Fedorow,
of Moscow, and Prof. C. Klein, of Berlin.

This apparatus, if placed on the stage of a polarizing
microscope, allows the object, whether a thin section of
a rock or mineral or a small crystal, to be placed at al-
most any angle to the axis of the microscope, for by
means of the two axes of revolution, in addition to the
usual horizontal revolution of the stage of the microscope
about the axis of the instrument, we are able to revolve
the object about three axes at right angles to each other,
and hence bring almost any direction in it parallel to the
axis of the microscope, subject of course to the necessary
limitations to the extent of the motion which the condi-

62.

70.
a1.
vee
73:

bo
mn

tions impose. This is especially useful in studying the
optical properties of minerals in thin sections, as illus-
trated by the present arrangement of the instrument and
the first cut accompanying it.

The other part, the ‘‘ Universal Drehapparat,” consists
of a small glass vessel for holding a highly refracting fluid
in which the section or crystal is immersed after being
fastened on a small movable holder which permits adjust-
ment to the axes of revolution of the apparatus. . The
microscope is placed horizontally, as shown in the second
cut, and the observations made with the same possibility
of revolution on three axes, whether for optical study or
the measurement of the angles of crystals. A special long
focus condensing lens and similar objective accompany
the instrument, which allow space for the revolution of
the object.

Exhibited by the Department of Mineralogy and Petrog-
raphy of Harvard University through Prof. J. E. Wolff.

DANBuRITE, Russell, N. Y. Twelve specimens showing
the variation in form.

TOURMALINE, @, white, DeKalb, N. Y.
6, yellow, DeKalb, N. Y.
c, brown, Gouverneur, N. Y.

d, blacks Pierrepont, N. Y.

WERNERITE, Pierrepont, N. Y.

WERNERITE, Bedford, Ontario.
WERNERITE, Burgess, Ontario.
APATITE, Burgess, Ontario.

APATITE, Eganville, Ontario.
APATITE, Bedford, Ontario.

TREMOLITE, Gouverneur, N. Y.

74-

75:

"6.

ie

78.

79:

26

HoRNBLENDE, Russell, N. Y.
Nos. 62 to 74, fifty specimens, exhibited by Prof. A. H.
Chester, Rutgers College.

PyroxENE, Tilly Foster mine, Brewster’s, N. Y. A new
form and very large for this locality.

CARBIDE OF ALUMINUM, crystals formed in an electrical
furnace.

Nos. 75-76, exhibited by Heinrich Ries.

THE PHOSPHORESCENCE OF THE DIAMOND. Apparatus de-
signed to show this peculiar feature of some stones by
electric are light. The phenomenon is thought to be due
to the presence of a new hydrocarbon compound to which
the name ¢¢ffanyzte has been given. A phosphorescent
liquid is introduced for comparison, and some non-phos-

phorescent diamonds for contrast. Exhibited by George
F. ciKunz.

APpoPpHYLLITE, Bernfiord, Iceland. Crystals showing the
planes, O07, 200, 310, ZII, I12.

HeEvLANDITE, Bernfiord, Iceland. Crystals showing ozo,
OOT, 110, 207, 20F, O21, 77T.

StiLBiTE, Bernfiord, Iceland.

Muscovite. Henry Lincoln Co., N. C. Crystals.
PHENACITE, Mt. Antero, Colorado. Twinned crystals.
PHENACITE, Mt. Antero, Colorado. Shows basal plane.

CHABAZITE, West Paterson, N. J. Shows basal plane.
Nos. 78 to 84 exhibited by Lazard Cahn.
Specimens from a new locality at West Paterson, N. J. :

HEvULANDITE and APOPHYLLITE, two specimens belonging
together.

HEvuLANDITE, large aggregation in the form of a geode.
HEULANDITE and CHABAZITE.

HEvuLANDITE, red and white in one aggregation.

27
HEULANDITE, individual crystals.
HEULANDITE, @, green.
6, white.
é;-red.

ANALCITE on PECTOLITE.
APopHYLLITE, large group of primitive crystals.
APOPHYLLITE, primitive crystals.
APOPHYLLITE, two large modified crystals.
CaLciTE, twin showing an etched face.
CALCITE, cleavage piece.
CHABAZITE, a, brown.

6, white.

G, OTeens

d, red.
DATOLITE with PREHNITE.
LAUMONTITE.
LAUMONTITE with twinned calcite.
PREHNITE, distinct crystals, very rare.
PECTOLITE.

PECTOLITE, sections of a sphere coated and SSS St with
calcite and quartz.

PECTOLITE.

QuarRTZz, pseudomorph after pee. showing moulds of
natrolite crystals.

NATROLITE.

- STILBITE.

STILBITE, @, individual crystals.

__ 6, sheaf-like form of ageregation.,
Nos. 85 to 114 exhibited by A. H. Ehrman, Brooklyn.

oe

ios.

123),

124.

1

126.

127.
128.

129.
130.

130.

28

CyaniTE, Death Rapids, Columbia River, British Colum-
bia. Extraordinarily large blades in schist. Collected
(1895) and exhibited by Frank L. Nason, New Bruns-
wick, N. J.

HANKSITE, Borax Lake, California. A large cluster.

BornitTe, North Carolina. ©

Quartz, Organ Mountains, N. M. Shows phantom.

CatciTE, Burnet, Texas. Shows phantom.

LiGNiITE, New Jersey. Contains siliceous casts of Zeredo
navalts.

BaritE, New Brunswick, N. J. Orange colored crystals.

PyriTE Batts, South River, N. J.
Nos. 116 to 122 exhibited by John A. Manley, New
Brunswick, N. J.

TOURMALINE, I7Ist street and Ft. Washington avenue,
New York City. An unusually large crystal in its matrix.

XENOTIME, same locality. Three very large crystals in
the matrix.

MownaziTE, same locality. A large crystal in its matrix
and a detached group.

XENOTIME, 184th street and Harlem River Speedway,
New York City.

AZURITE, Bisbee, Ariz.

’

STALAGMITE, Bisbee, Ariz. From the famous cave in the
Copper Queen mine.

STALAGMITE, Bisbee, Ariz. Cut section, polished.
HeuictTirEs, Bisbee, Ariz. Strangely curved stalactites.

Quartz, Madrone, Santa Clara county, Cal. Two coat-
ings of iridescent, drusy crystals.

Nos. 123 to 131, exhibited by the Department of
Geology, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.

I4I.

29

. THAUMASITE, West Paterson, N. J. Described from this

locality in the Amerzcan Journal of Science for

March, 1596, by S. L. Penfield and J. H. Pratt.

. LoranpiTE, Macedonia. A new thallium mineral.

. TOURMALINE, Connecticut.

From recent finds in southwestern Missouri.
GALENITE, CALCITE and SPHALERITE, Joplin.
SPHALERITE, Carterville. Very light colored. Iridescent.

. 2

LEADHILLITE and CALAMINE, Granby.

. CaLAmINE, Aurora.

Marcasite, Aurora. Stalactites of fantastic form.
Nos. 132 to 139 exhibited by Geo. L. English & Co.

. LAwsoNITE, Tiburon Peninsula, Marin Co., Cal. A

newly described silicate of Ca and Al. Three groups of
orthorhombic crystals showing variety of habit. Vd.

Am. Jour. Sci., July, 1895.

NortuuPiTE, Borax Lake, California. A newly discov-
ered chloro-carbonate of Na and Mg. Eight octohedral
crystals exhibiting variety of marking and grouping.
Described by W. M. Foote, in Am. Jour. Sci., Decem-
ber, 1895.

. OPALIZED woop, Idaho. <A recent discovery of material

remarkable for the perfection with which all the struc-
tural peculiarities of the wood have been preserved. Six
sections, three of which have been polished.

LEADHILLITE, Granby, Missouri. Three pseudomorphs.
after galenite and calcite.

. Catcire, Amethystine Iceland spar showing bands of in-

cluded marcasite crystals.

. CHALCOPYRITE, southwest Missouri. On dolomite (pearl

spar).

30

RUuTILE in QUARTZ, San Francisco Riv., Brazil. ‘‘Fleches
Very fine.

”

d’ amour.
SPH £ROSTILBITE, Oregon.
CHABAZITE, Oregon.
THOMPSONITE, Oregon.

Haire, Nr. Borax Lake, Calfornia. A suite of twelve
transparent cubo-octahedral crystals.

Hauire,* Nr. Borax Lake, California. Two groups of
pale yellow and pink cubic crystals showing peculiar
cavernous faces.

THENARDITE, Nr. Borax Lake, California. Two groups
of unusually large crystals.

HanksiTE, Nr. Borax Lake, California. Group of very
large, brilliant crystals.

DysANALYTE, brilliant black crystals in gangue.

Opa, Washington State. Green mottled with red. Three
specimens, one of which is polished; from a new locality.

ENDLICHITE, Lake Valley, New Mexico. A rare variety
of vanadinite in which arsenic has replaced half of the
vanadium.

Nos. 140 to 156, forty-eight specimens, exhibited by
Dr. A. E. Foote (W. M. Foote, Mngr.), Philadelphia.

Turquoise, Cerro de Potosi, Bolivia. ‘Three pseudo-
morphs after orthoclase, simple and twinned.

PyriTE, Cerro de Potosi, Bolivia. Two pseudomorphs
after orthoclase.
Nos. 157, 158 exhibited by Frederick A. Canfield,
Dover, Ny.

31

PHYSIOGCR APE YS
H

In CHARGE oF R. E: DopcGe:

1. A collection of the best and more recent scientific school

and college text-books on the subject of Physiography.
Loaned by the publishers.

2. Acollection of relief models loaned by E. E. Howell, maker,
Washington, D. C.

a.

b.

St:
roe

Topographical model of the United States and ad-
jacent ocean bottoms, showing curvature of the earth.
The same showing influence of physical features of
the United States on the distribution of rainfall.
Topographic model of the State of Connecticut.
Topographic model of New Jersey.

The same colored to show the relation of the ge-
ology to the physical features.

Topographic model of the vicinity of C!.cttanooga,
Tenn.

The same to show the relation of geology to physi-
cal features.

easy collection of illustrative models for use in teaching.

a.

Three models showing stages of development of
topography in the down cutting of streams on a
coastal plain. j
Two models showing effects of depression and ele-
vation upon a land well worn down previously.
Three models showing development of form and
drainage in a region made by faulting, as in lava
blocks of Oregon.

Two models showing effect upon topography and
drainage of the oncoming of a glacier.

Six models showing development of topography
and drainage in a land made by volcanic action and

b.

h.

32

then worn down after the volcanoes have become
extinct.
Six models, in pairs, showing the interaction of
neighboring streams in wearing down a region.
Note adjustment of drainage to structure of rocks.
Three models showing formation of alluvial plain,
the later conversion into a terraced valley and final
removal of all loose material in the valley.
Exhibited by the Geological Departmont of Har-
vard University, through Prof. W. M. Davis, Chair-
man.

4. Maps.
Geological map of State of Alabama, showing re-
lation of lands worn down in Cretaceous times to
the surrounding unconformable Cretaceous sedi-
ments.
Map of the alluvial plain of the Mississippi show-
ing many features typical of rivers in their old age.
Note position of stream in the flood plain. ,
Relief map of New Jersey showing the physical
features.
Geological map of New Jersey to be compared
with above to note relation of the topography upon
the character of the rocks.
Map of New Jersey showing water basins, illus-
trating the complete division of a land into river
basins.
Map of the United States colored to show the re-
lief and physical features.
Topographic map of Now York and vicinity to
show the relation of the position of the city to the
physical features and history.
Topographic map of Rhode Island showing effects
of glaciation upon drainage and the recent changes
in position of land in reference to ocean.

bo

22
II

z. Four maps of the Coast and Geodetic Survey,
showing different types of coasts upon the Atlantic
seaboard.

Exhibited by the Teachers’ College.

BOTANY.
I

In Cuarce or H. H. Russy amp J. K. SMALL.

. TorpoGRAPHICAL Maps of the site of the New York Botanical

Garden, in the eastern end of Bronx Park, now being
used in the locating of the driveways, buildings and plan-
tations. Shown by permission of the Board of Managers.

. ELEMENTS OF PLrantT ANnaATomMy. A text-book for the use

of students. Exhibited by Prof. Emily L. Gregory, Ph.
D. (Barnard College).

. STUDIES IN AMERICAN Bryotocy. Exhibited by Elizabeth

G. Britton (Torrey Botanical Club).
1. The Genus Mnium. Illustrated by specimens and
microscopic preparations.

bo

. New and little-known Mexican Mosses, collected
by C. G. Pringle and Jared G. Smith.

STUDIES IN LEGUMINOSAE. Specimens illustrating new
species of Rhynchosia Galactia and Meibomia from North
America. Exhibited by Anna Murray Vail- (Torrey
Botanical Club).

. Microscopic PREPARATIONS AND DRAwINGs illustrating a

study of the Dorsiventrality of certain Climbing Organs.
Exhibited by Martha R. Clarke (Barnard College).

The cause of coiling in most tendril-climbers is believed
to consist in a sensitiveness, usually limited to one side or
flank of the coiling organ. In the most common instances
there is an anatomical difference between the sensitive

om

and non-sensitive sides. This study was undertaken to
ascertain to what extent the anatomical characteristics
correspond with the physiology.

6. Stems, Microscopic PREPARATIONS AND DRAwIncGs Illus-
trating Studies of the Superficial Periderm of the Genus
Euonymus. Exhibited by Harriet B. Elder (Barnard
College).

The woody portions of stems of the different species of
a genus are quite similar in anatomical characteristics, as
are also, to a certain extent, the bark portions. The
genus Euonymus presents a remarkabie exception to this
rule, as shown by the external appearance of the young
branches and by sections.

7. Microscopic PREPARATIONS, DRAWINGS AND WALL CHARTS
Illustrating a Comparative Study of the Development of
the Superficial Periderm in the Genus Salix. Exhibited
by Alexandrina Taylor (Barnard College).

In most text-books the work of Sanio is taken as author-
ity on the development of superficial periderm. From
the large number of species of the genus Salix he se-
lected one as a type. The many variations from this type
pointed to the possibility that by extending the study over
a greater number of species than those studied by Sanio,
one might be found which might more justly be called
the type of the genus. This was the object of the study
here illustrated.

8. Microscopic PREPARATIONS AND DRraAwincs Illustrating a
Study of the Epidermal Cells of the Leaf of Euonymus
Japonicus. Exhibited by Jane M. Atwater (Barnard
College).

The connection of protoplasm of cells of the endosperm
of certain seeds is considered a well-established fact, and
many botanists claim that the majority of living cells are
thus connected. The pores on the side walls of the epi-
dermis of this leaf suggested the probability of such pro-
toplasmic connection.

5

Cay

g. Microscopic PREPARATIONS AND Drawincs Illustrating a
Comparative Study of the Bark of Juglans cinerea at
Different Seasons. Exhibited by Marion McEwen (Bar-
nard College).

This study was undertaken in the interest of Research
Committee C (investigating powdered drugs) of the Re-
vision Committee of the United States Pharmacopzia, to
discover characters in powdered Butternut bark, by which
it could be determined whether it had been collected in
the autumn as required. -

10. SPECIMENS OF SEEDS, Microscopic PREPARATIONS AND
Drawincs Illustrating a Comparative Study of the Anat-
omy of the Strophanthus Seeds of Commerce. Exhibited
by Prof. Smith Ely Jelliffe, M.D. (College of Phar-
macy).

This study was undertaken under the same auspices as
the last, for the purpose of discovering characters for dis-
tinguishing the different species and varieties of Strophan-
thus seeds in the powdered form. This drug is used in
great emergencies, and some of the seeds of commerce
are nearly or quite inert, while others are very powerful.

Il. SPECIMENS OF WINTER Twics, BARKS AND DRawincs II-
lustrating a Comparative Study of the Commercial Fea-
tures of Viburnum Barks. Exhibited by Prof. Henry H.
Rusby, M. D. (College of Pharmacy).

This study was undertaken under the same auspices as
the preceding, in order to determine characters for the iden-
tification by collectors of the different species in the winter
season, and also for identifying the barks in commerce,
either entire or in powder.

12. SPECIMENS OF PLANT AND Fruit, Microscopic PREPA-
RATIONS AND DRaAwIncs, and Printed Report Illustrating
a Study of the Anatomy of the Fruit of Serenoa serrulata
(Saw-Palmetto). Exhibited by W. A. Bastedo, Ph. G.
(College of Pharmacy).

t

36

This fruit has been recommended as favorably modify-
ing nutrition in the wasting of phthisis, and a collective
study was made by Messrs. Rusby, Coblentz and Bastedo,
in order to make it more perfectly known to the pharma-
ceutical and medical professions.

13. MATERIALS ILLUSTRATING A Stupy oF LicHENs. Exhib-
ited by Albert Schneider, M. D. (Columbia University).

1. Plates illustrating the mechanics, growth, and spe-
cial morphology of lichens.

2. A diagram showing the polyphyletic origin of

lichens.

The new system of lichens.

A key to the families and genera.

Specimens of lichens of historical interest.

nu po

. Microscopical preparations showing lichen-spores.
Te Some papers on lichens.

14. SPECIMENS, Microscopic PREPARATIONS AND DRAWINGS,
illustrating a Study of the Anatomy of Stipules. Exhib-
ited by A. A. Tyler, A. M. (Columbia University).

Investigation undertaken to ascertain the probable origin
of these organs and their relationship to leaf-blades.

15. STUDIES IN AMERICAN CyPERACE#. Exhibited by Prof.
N. L. Britton, Ph. D. (Columbia University).
Specimens illustrating new species of Cyperus, Eleo-
charis and Rynchospora and other species new to the
Flora of the United States.

16. THE New Species oF NITALLA from Japan and North
America. Exhibited by Prof. Timothy F. Allen, M. D.
(Homeopathic Medical College).

17. THE New GENERA OF SAXIFRAGACE, JEPSONIA AND SAX-
IFRAGOPSIS, illustrated by specimens and drawings.

18. New Species oF PLants from the Southern United States,
in the genera Smilax, Myrica, Quercus, Celtis, Poly-
gonella, Rumex, Portulaca, Nymphaea, Clematis, Saxi-

IQ.

20.

21.

23).

24.

25.

26.

37

fraga, Ribes, Kneiffia, Ginothera, Nyssa, Cynoctonum,
Gentiana, Scutellaria, Panicum and Sieglingia, illus-
trated by specimens.

OXALIS CORNICULATA and its North American Allies, il-
Justrated by specimens.
Nos. 17-19 exhibited by John K. Small, Ph. D. (Co-

lumbia University).

New SpPEcIEs of GRAMINE# in the genera Panicum, Erian-
thus and Chloris, illustrated by specimens.

New FLoripa PLants inthe genera Habenaria, Warea,
Phaseolus, Glottidium, Cyrilla, Sida, Cornus, Monarda,
Scoparia, Utricularia, Eupatorium, Lacinaria, Chrysop-
sis, Eriocarpum and Pluchea, illustrated by specimens.

Nos. 20 and 21 exhibited by George V. Nash (Co-
lumbia University).

SPECIMENS AND Microscopic PREPARATIONS illustrating
studies on the moss genera Ciimacium and ENnTopon.
Exhibited by A. J. Grout (Columbia University).

NEw SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF LATHYRUS AND VICIA
from North and Central America. Exhibited by Theo-
dore G. White, A. M. (Columbia University).

SEVEN NEw SPECIES OF PLANTS FROM TExas, in the genera
Samolus, Kuhnistera, Asclepias, Cressa, Verbena, Pents-
temon and Houstonia.

These specimens partially represent the results of a re-
vision of the genera.

STUDIES OF THE FLORA OF THE HAWAINAN ISLANDS. Speci-
mens illustrating numerous new and little-known species,
collected during a visit to the Islands in 1895.

Nos. 24 and 25 exhibited by A. A. Heller (Torrey
Botanical Club).

SPECIMENS AND PHorocGrapPHs illustrating a monographic
study of the genus Physalis in North America, now in
publication in Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club.

38

27. STUDIES IN THE GENUS POTENTILLA. Specimens illustra-
ting new and rare North American species.
Nos. 26 and 27 exhibited by Per Axel Rydberg, A. M.
(Columbia University).

bo
(ov)

Two New GENERA Collected by the Exhibitor in Bolivia.
Rusbyella Rolfe, in the Orchidaceez, and Rusbyanthus
Gilg, in the Gentianacee.

29. FirTEEN NEw SPECIES OF RUBIACE#, collected in Bolivia
by Miguel Bang.
Nos. 28 and 29 exhibited by Prof. H. H. Rusby, M.
D. (College of Pharmacy.)

30. CriticAL PLANTS OF THE LocAL FiLora. Exhibited by
Eugene P. Bicknell (Torrey Botanical Club).

Specimens illustrating a special study of the local flora
now in progress by the exhibitor. Illustrations from the
genera Carex, Sisyrinchium, Hypericum and Helianthe-
mum.

31. ADDITIONS TO THE FLora oF NEw JERSEY. Fifteen speci-
mens. Exhibited by William Van Sickle (Torrey Botan-
ical Club).

32. ADDITIONS TO THE FLORA oF RicHMOND CouNnTy, NEW
YORK.

These plants represent the species upon which was
based the seventh appendix to the flora of Richmond
County (Staten Island) New York, published by Arthur
Hollick and N. L. Britton in 1879. The original cata-
logue contained about 1100 species. With the seven
appendices the total now amounts to about 1400 species.

33. Lecumrinous Pops from the Yellow Gravel Sandstone at
Bridgeton, New Jersey.

These pods represent the genera Mezoneurum and Lon-
chocarpus. They occur in sandstone of late tertiary or
pleistocene age in the vicinity of Bridgeton, Cumberland
County, New Jersey. The genus Mezoneurum is not

34+

o2°

20s

40.

4I.

39

known on the American continent. The genus Loncho-
carpus has not been recorded north of Mexico. The pods
apparently represent species which became extinct in re-
cent geologic time, due to the climatic changes wrought
by the advent of the ice age.

LiRIODENDRON LEAVES, Fossil and Living.

The living tulip tree (Liriodendron Tulipifera) is the
sole representative in our modern flora of this genus,
which in the past included a large number of species.
By means of abnormal leaf forms and leaves from young
shoots or seedlings, an attempt is here made to compare
the evolution of the individual with the evolution of the
genus in the past, as evidenced by the variation in leaf
forms during successive geologic periods.

Nos. 32-34, exhibited by Arthur Hollick, Ph. B.
(Columbia University).

CoLorED LANTERN SLIDES OF FLoweERs. Exhibited by
Cornelius Van Brunt (Torrey Botanical Club).

A DousLE FLOWERED FORM OF RUDBECKIA LACINIATA.
Exhibited by E. S. Miller (Torrey Botanical Club).
Although the plant has been in cultivation for two
hundred years, this is the first record of a double-flowered
form.

. ESSENTIALS OF VEGETABLE PHARMECOGNOsY, a text-book

on structural botany, especially designed for Pharma-
ceutical and Medical Students. Exhibited by Prof. H.
H. Rusby, M. D., and Prof. Smith Ely Jelliffe, M. D.
(College of Pharmacy).

)

A Copy oF A TRANSLATION OF WESTERMAN’S Compen-
dium der Botantk. Exhibited by Albert Schneider, M.
D. (Columbia University).

VOLUMES OF THE BULLETIN AND MEmorrRS TORREY BOTAN-
ICAL CLuB FoR 1895. Exhibited by the Club.

40

ZOOLOGY.
4)

In CHARGE OF WILLIAM STRATFORD.

. THE SEA LiFe oF THE PaciFic SALMON, (with specimens of
young).

The young Oncorhynchus return annually with the
adults to the mouths of rivers, and do not remain at sea
until sexually mature, as usually stated.

. Livinc Suip Worm (Teredo navalis). A bivalve mollusc
which destroys ships, wharves, &c., by boring tunnels in
wood.

. Livinc TusBE Worms (Cistenides Gouldii) and others. Tube
building worms.

. FisHes new to this locality. Larimus and Elagatis, the runner.

Numbers 1-4, exhibited by Tarleton H. Bean, New
York Aquarium.

. Larva stage of the Earthworm (Allolabophora feetida).
Exhibited by N. R. Harrington, Zodlogical Department,
Columbia University.
. Eccs or THALASSERNA (A marine worm). Showing recent
discoveries in Cytology.
I. The Origin of the Centrosome of the second polar spin-
dle from that of the first.
II. The Origin of the Centrosome of the second cleavage
spindle from that of the first.
Exhibited by Bradley B. Griffin, Zodlogical Depart-
ment, Columbia University.
. Nuclear Changes in Noctiluca (a Protozoan).

Exhibited by G. N. Calkins, Zodlogical Department,

Columbia University.

. Studies in the Excretory System of Leeches.

I. An Excretory Cell with its intra-cellular musculature.

II. An Excretory funnel, showing structure of cells and cilia.

10.

Il.

E.

T4.

Ti

16.

IT.

41

Exhibited by Arnold Graf, Zodlogical Department,
Columbia University.
Preparations illustrating Karyokinetic cell division in the
Egg of an Annelid (Nereis).
Exhibited by E. B. Wilson, Zoological Department,
Columbia University.
Eggs and Larve of Amia calva (the Mud-fish or Bow-fin).
Exhibited by Bashford Dean, Zodlogical Department.
Columbia University.

. Mountep Asiatic ELEPHANT ‘‘ Tip,” illustrating recent

improvements in taxidermy.

GREENLAND Watrus, female and young calf, collected
by Prof. L. L. Dyche, on the Peary Relief Expedition of
1895.

Surin and Sku of the fish-eating Rodent, Ichthyomys
Stolzmanni Thomas, from Peru—the second known speci-
men.

Specimens of the SNOWFLAKE, Plectrophenax nivalis, illus-
trating change of color from the winter to the breeding
dress by the shedding of the tips of the feathers.

Specimens of the SANDERLING AND OTHER Birps, illus-
trating the change of color by moulting in species alleged
to acquire the breeding plumage by change of color in the
feathers without moulting.

Nos. 14-18, exhibited by Department of Mammalogy
and Ornithology of American Museum of Natural History.

BACTERIOLOGY.
ies ;
In CuHarGE oF F. M. CHEESMAN.

CuLTURE oF Bacirus. No. 41. Exhibited. by Prof. H.
W. Conn, Wesleyan University.

Morphological preparations of Bacillus, No. 41. This

bacillus, obtained originally from a specimen of milk

42

from Uruguay has been found to possess a marked power
of ripening cream for butter making.

Experiments in various dairies have shown that the use
of this bacillus for the production of flavor in butter is
feasible and that a somewhat enhanced keeping property
is given to the butter by the use of this culture.

ANATOMY.
L,

In CHARGE OF GEORGE S. HUNTINGTON.

1. RECENT OBSERVATIONS IN HUMAN AND COMPARATIVE My-
OLOGY.

a. New and rare variations of the Pectoral Group in
Man.

6. Morphology of the Sternalis Muscle; Relation of
the muscle to the Structure of the Pectorales in
Mammalia.

Human M. Sternalis

Pectoral muscles of Hydrocherus capybara.

6e Enthizan dorsatus.

ce Dasypus sexcinctus.
ee Tatusia peba.

oe Manis macrura.

ee Viverra civetta.

a Hapale jacchus.

66 Macacus nemestrinus.
66 Didelphis virginiana.

2. Anatomy of the Pectoral muscles in Fe/zs leo. Exhibited by
Mr. Line.

3. MyoLoGy oF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE OF Lagothrix hum-
boldtiz. Exhibited by Mr. Lee.

4. MyoLocy oF THE ANTERIOR EXTREMITY OF Lemur
bruneus.

“I

0,

PALEONTOLOGY.
M

In CuHarGE oF J. L. WorTMAN.

. Series of SkuLis of UrnTaTHEREs, showing their develop-

ment in time. From the Eocene of the Bridger Basin,
Wyoming. Collected by Messrs. Wortman and Peter-
son, between 1893 and 1895. Also, from the Cope col-
lection recently acquired by the Museum.

. Two Skutts of a new and remarkable form of Titanother-

ium. From the Miocene of Dakota.

. SKELETON of Hyracuyus Acrarius, one of thé primitive

Rhinoceroses. From the Eocene of the Bridger Basin,
Wyoming. Mounted by Adam Herman.

SKULL of an undescribed genus of ancient carnivores. From
the Eocene of the Uinta Basin, Utah. Collected by
Messrs. Wortman and Peterson, in 1895.

. TEETH and ForerFoot of the earliest ancestor of the Dog

family. From the Eocene of the Uinta Basin, Utah.
Discovered by Mr. Peterson in 1895.

SKULL of a Monkey, Hyopsodus, Leidy. From the Eocene
of the Washakie Basin, Wyoming. Discovered by Dr.
Wortman in 1895.

Series of original restorations of extinct NortH AMERICAN
Mammats. Drawn by Charles R. Knight, under the direc-
tion of Prof. H. F. Osborn and Dr. J. L. Wortman.

Nos. 1-7 exhibited by the Department of Vertebrate
Paleontology Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.

. Eo6OrpDovIcIAN. Invertebrates from the Calciferous and

Chazy formations of the Lake Champlain region. Col-
lection of 1895. Exhibited by Gilbert van Ingen.
Special features:
a. Ophileta from Calciferous of Beekmantown, N.Y.
6. Trzlobites from Calciferous of Fort Cassin, Vt.
c. Chazy fossils from Ptattsburgh and Chazy, N. Y.,
and Highgate Springs and Basin Harbor, Vt.

44

GroLocic TIME-SCALE (lower portion).
Names italicised indicate epochs, representatives of the
fossil life of which are shown in exhibits Nos..8, 9, 10
and Il.

Neosilurian. Lower Helderberg.

Niagara.*
Silurian. Eosilurian. | Clinton.
| Medina.

Hudson. °
Utica.
Trenton.
Black River.
Birdseye.

Neoordovician.

Ordovician.

| | Upper Chazy.
Middle Chazy.

| Eoodrdovician LE Oey,

ee Upper Calctferous.

| Middle Calciferous.

Lower Calciferous.

Potsdam.

Cambrian. Neocambrian.

* Including Guelph and Salina.

9g. NEoORDOVICIAN. Invertebrates from the Black River, Tren-

ton and Utica formations of the Lake Champlain region.

Collection of 1895. Exhibited by Theodore G. White.
Special features :

a. Fossils indicative of particular zones of the Black
River limestone from its lower to its upper limits,
as:

1. Leperditia from base of the formation at
Button Bay Island, Vt., and Chazy, N. Y.

2. Strophomena filitexta from Button Bay
Island, Vt.

3. Stromatocertum and Columnarta from the
above localities, forming at the former locality a
coral reef band two feet in thickness.

4. Maclurea, a peculiar Black River species
from Chazy, N. Y.

AS

5. Parastrophia, from a restricted zone at the
top of the Black River formation at Larabee’s Pt.,
Vt., and also from 78 miles to the northward, at
Highgate Springs, Vt.

6. Trenton—Selection of various representative fos-
sils from the entire length of the lake shores, in-
cluding some peculiar forms from Cumberland
Head, near Plattsburgh, N. Y.

c. Utica— Grafptolites from Larrabees Pt., Vt., and
Ticonderoga, N. Y. Lengula and Orthis from
Vergennes, Vt. TZrzarthrus and Graftolites
from Isle la Motte, Vt.

10. NEoorpDoviciIAN—Fossils illustrating the sequence of the
later Ordovician faunule at Trenton Falls, N. Y. Col-
lections of 1895. Exhibited by Theodore G. White.

Special features :

a. Calciferous dolomite, dove limestone and fossils.
of the Biack River limestone, from near Poland,
New York.

6. Fossils from the original section from which the
Trenton formation was named, arranged in zones.
as determined by a recent stratigraphic study by
the exhibitor.

c. Utica graptolites, trilobites and orthoceratites
from Nine Mile Creek, East Trenton, New York.

11. Eosttur1AN.—Fossils from the Clinton and Niagara forma-
tions of Rochester, New York. Exhibited by Gilbert

van Ingen.

Special features :
a. Graptolites, Brachtopods and’ Pteropods from
the red and green shales of the Clinton series.
6. Various fossils from the Niagara shale.
Note.—Photographic views and maps tllustrating
the localities from which were obtained the specimens
of exhibits Nos. 8,9, 10 and 11, will be found in the
section of Geology.

46

12. A STIGMARIA FRAGMENT of exceptional size from Indian
Territory. Exhibited by J. J. Stevenson.

13. Mortusca from the Asphalt Beds of Indian Territory. Ex-
hibited by J. J. Stevenson.

ETHNOLOGY AND ARCH A0L@Gx
N

In CHARGE OF FRANZ Boas AND M. H. SEVILLE.

1. THE ANIMAL ForRM IN THE ART OF ANCIENT PERU. From
the collections of the American Museum of Natural His-
tory. Exhibited by Mr. Harlan I. Smith; collected by
Mr. A. F. Bandelier.

Representations of animal forms of pottery, painting,
weaving, gold, stone and wood in the art of ancient Peru.

. Portrair Heaps in Pottery of Ancient Peru. From the
collections of the American Museum of Natural History.
Exhibited by Mr. Harlan I. Smith; collected by Mr. A.
F. Bandelier.

3. PATHOLOGICAL SPECIMENS from an ancient burial ground in
Kentucky. From the collections of the American Mu-
seum of Natural History. Exhibited and collected by
Mr. Harlan I. Smith.

These specimens were excavated on the Fox Estate,

i)

May’s Lick, Mason County, Ky., on an area of about
forty acres. Part of them were found in stone graves,
others in mounds, but both groups probably belong to the
same people. Both sexes were equally subject to inflam-
mation and suppuration of the bones, 19 among 55 adults
(35%) being affected with it. The disease was rarely
present in children and youths.

4. BurraL Customs oF A PREHISTORIC PEOPLE OF UTAH.
Collected and presented to the American Museum of
Natural History by Messrs. B. T. B. and F. B. Hyde;
exhibited by Messrs. B. T. B. Hyde and George. H.
Pepper

47

This collection represents burial under baskets as prac-
ticed by a prehistoric people of Utah and was discovered
by Richard Wetherill, of the Hyde Exploring Expedition
during the winter of 1893-94.

5. PHOTOGRAPHS OF PicTOoGRAPHS FROM UTAH. Collected
and exhibited by Mr. B. T. B. Hyde.

6. TypicAL COLLECTION OF MATERIAL FouND IN AN INDIAN
BuxiAL Pracre ar TortENviLieE, 8S. I. From the col-
lections of the American Museum of Natural History.
Exhibited by Mr. George H. Pepper; collected by Messrs.
George H. Pepper and M. H. Saville.

7. COLLECTION OF ANCIENT PUEBLO SKULLS. Exhibited and
collected by Dr. Walter Fewkes, Washington, D. C.

S$. DIAGRAMS SHOWING THE GROWTH OF CHILDREN IN VARI-
ous Cities oF America. Exhibited by Dr. G. M. West.

g. DIAGRAM SHOWING THE DIFFERENCE IN THE RATE OF
GROWTH OF First-BORN AND LATER-BORN CHILDREN.
Exhibited by Mr. Franz Boas.

The diagram shows that first-born children develop
physically better than later-born children. They are
both taller and heavier than the latter.

10. ANTHROPOMETRICAL Cuarts. Designed and exhibited by
Etorn VV. 2. Ripley.

11. PHONoGRAPHIC REcoRDS OF INDIAN Soncs. Exhibited by
Mr. Franz Boas.
Songs of Kwakiutl Indians of Vancouver Island, re-

corded in 1893.

12. THE BEAVER IN THE ART OF THE INDIANS OF BRITISH
CotumBiA. Exhibit of the Department of Anthropology
of the American Museum of Natural History.

Showing the conventional forms in which the beaver is
represented in carvings, etchings and paintings of the
Indians of British Columbia.

48

13. ARTIFICIAL DEFORMATIONS OF THE HUMAN SKULL. Ex-
hibited by Mr. Franz Boas.

The distribution of the practice of artificial deforma-
tion of the skull and specimens of deformations, together
with photographs of living individuals with deformed
heads.

14. Busts oF Eskimo Man anp Woman. Sculptured from
life and exhibited by Mr. Caspar Mayer.

From the collections of the American Museum of Nat-
ural History.

Ten ALBUMS OF PHOTOGRAPHS, illustrating the recent ex-
plorations of the ancient ruins of Copan, Honduras, under
the direction of the Peabody Museum, Prof. F. W. Put-
nam, Curator of the Museum. Exhibited by Prof. F.
W. Putnam.

16. Arrow GAMEs IN AsIA AND AMERICA. From the collec-
tions of the Museum of Archeology, University of Penn-
sylvania. Exhibited by Mr. Stewart Culin.

Illustration of the origin of playing cards and chess in
the arrow, and hypothetical development of seal cylinder,

_
oat

Chinese coin, the folding fan.

EXPERIMENTAL :PSYCHOLOGs
O

In CHARGE OF J. MCKEEN CATTELL.

1. PENDULUM CHRONOSCOPE; ELECTRICAL CoLoR WHEEL with
SpEED INDICATOR; MULTIPLE Key; CLock Contact.
Exhibited by Dr. E. W. Scripture, Yale University.

2. PENDULUM CHROoNoscoPE. Exhibited by Prof. Charles B.
Bliss, New York University.

3. APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING PHOTOMETRIC DIFFERENCES
BY THE TIME OF PERCEPTION. Exhibited by Prof. J.
McKeen Cattell, Columbia University.

iat.
.

ee 3

NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.

Late LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY.
Organized 1817.

The Meetings of the Academy are held in Hamilton Hall, Columbia
University, 49th Street and Madison Avenue, on Monday evening of each
week, beginning at 8 o’clock, from October to June, and are open to the
public. On the evenings devoted to the Public Lecture Course, admission
is by tickets, which are free, on previous application.

OFFICERS OF THE ACADEMY.

1895-1896. 8

President:
J. J. STEVENSON.

lst Vice-President: ¢ 2d Vice-President:

HENRY F. OSBORN. ROBERT S. WOODWARD.
Corresponding Secretary: Recording Secretary:
DANIEL S. MARTIN. JAMES F. KEMP.
Treasurer: Librarian:
CHARLES F. COX. ARTHUR HOLLICK.
Councilors:
J. A. ALLEN, Rk. E. DODGE, J. K. REES,
N. L. BRITTON, WILLIAM HALLOCK, WILLIAM STRATFORD.
Curators:
H. G. DYAR, G. F. KUNZ, L. H. LAUDY,
HEINRICH RIES, W. D. SCHOONMAKER.

Finance Committee:
HENRY DUDLEY, J. H. HINTON, CORNELIUS VAN BRUNT.

PRICE OF THE TRANSACTIONS.

To residents of the City of New York, not members of the Academ~
$5.00 persannum. To non-residents, $3.00 per annum. To corr

members, $1.00 per annum. ‘To resident and honorary me

free.

<P Ps eT
6 ge ee i