(Poe ११६. १,१.॥ 11111१1. 9 = क — + ~ ~` > ॐ ना i 1 _ ज्यका ee ज > "च ` — --क ~ — 2 “ty if - = Se ee re ms = - oe ot + nh 1 By a ad PP a ee ee tir Bn क ~ अ a bed wae ae =-= =-= ~ [क oe क कि er (ककर त = ~ = क क [म ee कपि त to ॐ ~~~ के र ~ ON दीः NE I i Pt hy. ~ =~ निने गि" चा जि भि वि te ऋ ओ ——+ (क — ~ च et ऋ क ५०५ Ss ~~~ कका, aa fh किक Or LOO + FP Pg tO > > PRINCETON UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ध Google 4 ] Somadeva Sata i ` THE | | KATHA SARIT SAGARA र | ' | OCEAN OF THE STREAMS OF STORY TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL SANSKRIT C. 9. TAWNEY, M.A. VOLUME II. CALCUTTA : PRINTED BY J. W. THOMAS, AQ, THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS. 1884. CONTENTS OF VOL. Il. BOOK X. OHAPTER LVII. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80m ०११०००११ ००००००५ ००००००७५. Story of the porter who found a bracelet ०००००००००० sees C000 ००७०७०७ ७००००७४ Story of the inexhaustible pitcher ७७०००७७ ०००७ ०७७७ ०००७०००७ ७०७००७० OOS CORO Story of the merchant's son, the hetwra and the wonderful ape &18 = ०,,०००१ CHAPTER णा, Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80m १००००१५ ०००००००७ ०००००००. Story of king Vikramasinha, the hetwra and the young Bréhman ......06 Story of the faithless wife who burnt herself with her husband’s body .... Story of the faithless wife who had her husband murdered ....00 ०००००००१ Story of Vajraséra whose wife cut off his nose and Cars १५०००००७ ०००० ००००० Story of king Sinhabala and his faithless Wife .... १००००००० ०००००००० ०००००, CHAPTER LIX. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his BOM ००७००००७ ०७०००००७ ०००००७१ Story of king Sumanas, the Nishéda maiden, and the learned parrot ...... The parrot’s account of his own life as 8 parrot ,,१११००१ ०००००००० ०००००००, The hermit’s story of Somaprabha, Manorathaprabha, and Makarandiké -. Episode of Manorathaprabhé and RaSmimat....ccce ०००००००9 ०७००७७७७ ७७७४ CHAPTER LX, Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 60m ००११११०० ५०००००१ ०००००००, Story of S’airavarman who spared his guilty wife १११००००० ०००००००० ०००००, Story of the ox abandoned in the forest, and the lion, and the two jackals Story of the monkey that pulled out the wedge ०११००००० ०००००००५ ५०००००० Story of the jackal and the drum ०००१०१०० ०११००००० ००००००१० ०००००००००,०५ Story of the crane and the Makara ०१०००००० ०००००००७ ०००००००० ceceee secs Story of the lion and tho hare = १११०००० ००००००५७ ००००००७० ०००००००० ०००००००७ Story of the louse and the flea .....0 .s00 १००१००१ ०००००५० veccee ०५००००००... Story of the lion, the panther, the crow and the jackal....cees ००००००००, Story of the pair of f6fthibhas ०१०११११ coos coves voccee cece ०००००००००,.,. Story of the tortoise and tho two SWANS ०००००००० ७०००००७० ०००००००० ०००००, Story of the three fish .....000 ०००००००० ०००००७०७ ०५००००७ ०००७ ००००००५ ०००,०९ Story of the monkeys, the firefly and the bird १०१००००० sesvee coves sessions Story of Dharmabuddhi and Dushtabuddhi १११००१०१ ००००१०७ sscsecce cevece Story of the crane, the snake, and the mungoose = १११११०१ १००५०००७ ०००००००७ SS 5 mice that ate an iron balance व ys ५. 0 Sv QaS2| Page 1—10 1—2 2—4 4—10 10—17 11—13 13—14 14 14—16 16—17 17—26 18—26 19—21 21—25 22 —23 27—43 27 27—43 28 30 31—32 32—33 34 35—36 36—38 37 87—38 39 40—41 41 41—42 CHAPTER LXI. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 800 | १११०१०० ००००१५१७ ५१०००००, Story of the foolish merchant who made aloes-wood into charcoal .... १११००. Story of the man who sowed roasted seed ११११०००० १५१०००५ cove suvcee ०००००, Story of the man who mixed fire and water .... cescee १०१०१०१ ५५००००५ ०००००, Story of the man who tried to improve his wife’s 2086 ११०००००० ०५००००० ace Story of the foolish herdsman = ९१०१ secsecce ०५०१०००० ०५५१०००० sevens sone Story of the fool and the ornaments .... ceseecee os Story of the fool and the cotton ..ccecseovee cece ११०१११०१०१०११०००१०००००००. Story of the foolish villagers who cut down the palm-treed .... esses cece Story of the treasure-finder who was blinded .....e00 ०००० ११०००००५ ०००००, Btory of the fool and the salt ०११००००० ०००० cece ००००००७ ०००० ०१०००००७ ०००००, Story of the fool and his milch-cow १११११०१५ ११११०००५ ११००००५ 0008 ००००००० Story of tho foolish bald man and the fool who pelted him क 1 Story of the crow, and the king of tho pigeons, the tortoise and the deer .. Story of the mouse and the hermit.....0 ११०१०११ १०११०००० ०००००००० ००००००० Story of the Brahman’s wife and the sesame-seedS ,,१०११०० ०००००००० ०००७००७ Story of the greedy jackal १११११०१० ११०००००० ०००११ ०००००००० eee ००००००००. Story ofthe wife who falsely accused her husband of murdering a Bhilla ,. Story of the snake who told his secret to & ऋतिक ०११००००० ५०१०००५ ०००००००७ Story of the bald man and the hair-rostorer ०१०१००१ ०००००००० ०५००१०७ ०००००००७ Story of a foolish servant .... १००० ००००००१ ०००१ ००५०१०० ००१०१०० ००१०००० ००००००० Story of the faithless wife who was present at her own S’raddha_.... eee Story of the ambitious Chandadla maiden ...005 ०००००००७ ५०५०००० ००००५०० seve Story of the miserly king .....6 ००१०००१ ०५०००१०७ ०१०००००१ ०१०१०१०० ०००००००७ Story of Dhavalamukha, his trading friond, and his fighting friend ...... Story of the thirsty fool that did not drink ००००१ ०००००००७ Story of the fool who killed his som = ११११०१० ००१०००० ०५००७०० ०००५०००० ०००००००, Story of the fool and his brother Story of the Brahmacharin’s son ०००००००७ Story of the astrologer who killed his वणा १११०००१० ०००००००७ ०००५००० ०००००००१ Story of the violent man who justified his charactor १५१११०० ००११०००० ००११०, Story of the foolish king who made his daughter grow ००००००४ Story of the man who recovered half a pana from his servant ०१०१ ०,०००००० Story of the fool who took notes of a certain spot in the 868 ११००००००, Story of the king who replaced the flesh .....0 ००००००१ sevccces sscvee ०००७ Story of the woman who wanted another 807 ००१०००१ ०००००००७ ००५५७ Story of the servant who tasted the fruit...... ०००००००७ ०००००, oe ‘ Story of the two brothers Yajnasoma and Kirtisoma er rere re Story of the fool who wanted a barber ०११००००० ००००००७७ १००००००० ०००००००. Story of the man who asked for nothing at all... @ 9 9 @ @ @ ॐ @ @ ® @ @ eae CHAPTER 170 Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80M १०१०००५ soe cece ०००००००७ Story of the war between the crows and the Owls .... ०००००० ० yaa Story of the ass in tho panther’s skin 1... Sse ११००७० ०१०१०००७ ०००००००००० How the crow dissuaded the birds from choosing the owl king 64—79 64—75 65 65—68 -- = | ad “ie _ heme = uu Btory of the elephant and the hares .... seseve cece ००५०५७५५ esveee sevese Story of the bird, the hare, and the cat....ceoce ०१५१०१११ ०१५१००१५००,००००५ Btory of the Bréhman, the goat, and the rogues .... sees sees ccce seen eves Story of the old merchant and his young wife.... Story of the Bréhman, the thief, and the R&ékshasa .ssees ceccve sessccce Story of the carpenter and his wife १०१११०१ sescecee ०१५०११५ ,,.५,१०,०,०००५ Story of the mouse that was turned into a maiden 1... sscsecce sees cece Btory of the snake and the frogs...... Satie 0 Mee eee See tees Story of the foolish servant.....0 १०१११०१ cecece voccee coe ०००००००० ०.०... Story of the two brothers who divided all that they had .......0 sssccece Story of the mendicant who became emaciated from discontent ..scee secs Story of the fool who saw gold in the water 0 2 9 e4 wee. cae ee Story of the servants who kept rain off the trunks.... cesses csoecccccces Story of the fool and the cakes .....sce. ७.4 Story of the servant who looked after the door ,,१५,१११००५ ००००० eevee Story of the simpletons who ate the buffalo ..... scccee sevcce sect cccece Story of the fool who behaved like a Brahmany drake .....5 eecccece sees Story of the physician who tried to cure a hunchback .sccccce cose veces CHAPTER LXITI, Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80 १५११०१५ seve sees cose sees Story of YaSodhara aud Lukshmfdhara and the two wives of the water- ROD UR ies spa eind 7 aa eda: Cae ons Setch ewes Story of the water-genius in his previons birth .... cece ००१०१००७ coos sees Story of the Brahman who became a Yaksha Story of the monkey and the porpoise ....04 १०००००१० ००००५ sees seees Story of the sick lion, the jackal, and the ass Tr 91 Story of the fool who gave a verbal reward to the musician...... ०००००००, Story of the teacher and his two jealous pupils ०१०००१०० ०१०००००५ veseeees Story of tho snake with two heads .....000 १११०००१५ seseveee cesses secs Story of the fool who was nearly choked With rice ....00 १०००००५ ००,००००. Story of the boys that milked the donkey ...... sececeee ९००००००, * Story of the foolish boy that went to the village for nothing ००११ ०,०००००० CHAPTER LXIV. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80 १११११०११ coos cece severe Btory of the Brahman and the mungoose ...... ०१००००१७ ००००००५ coccee cove Story of the fool that was his own doctor..ccoe ११०१०००५ cosvscce eesccece Story of the fool who mistook hermits for monkeyS ..ssee seceee cove eve Story of the fool who found a purse .... cece ०१११११११ coos sees secees Btory of the fool who looked for the Moon .... esse sees cece cceecceecces Story of the woman who escaped from the monkey and the cowherd ...... Story of the two thieves Ghata and Karpara १,,१११११ ००१११५०१ cece succes Story of Devadatta’s wife 9 Story of the wife of the Brdhman Rudrasoma.... secs sees cece eves ceveee Story of the wife of S’aSin .. ०७०७ ०७००७१७ Btory of the anake-god and his wife ११११५१०१ १११९११११ cove ०००५००१११५,५१०, Page 66—67 67—68 68—69 69—70 70 71—72 72—73 74 76 76 75—76 76 76—77 77 77 77—78 78 78—79 79—90 79—83 82 83 84—87 85—87 87 88 88—89 89 89—90 90 90—100 90—91 91 91—92 92 92 92—93 93—96 96 96—97 97—98 98—99 vl CHAPTER LXV. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80M .... s..s00 eeeccece sess Story of the ungratefvl Wife ११५११०१ १११०१११ sone ११११११५० eee sees scce seve Story of the grateful animals and the ungrateful woman .... ..00 ०००००, The lion’s story १११०१०१ ११०१०१० sees cece The golden-crested bird’s story ss. ssseee oe Tho snake's StOry seis 25% stew wea s.dves Gene ० The woman’s story Story of the Buddhist monk who was bitten by a dog ...0 weseee ११००००००. Story of the man who submitted to be burnt alive sooner than share his food with a guest ... Story of the foolish teacher, the foolish pupils, and the cat .... ose. essees Story of the fools and the bull of S’iva.......0 ०००००००० ००००००७० ०१०००००, Story of the fool who asked his way to the village ११११११०० १०१००००० ०००००१ Story of Hiranydéksha and Myig&nkalekhé .... ०००००००० ५५००१०१० ०००००००१ . 9 @ 9 9 9 @ @ 9 @ @ ७ ॐ @ 6 @ ® @ @ Cees @ छ @ @ @ ० ® @ @० @ @ > ७०७७6 ©0006 ९००६ CHAPTER LXVI. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 60m १०१०११०७ ०१०००००७ १५००००७ Story of the mendicant who travelled from Kasmira to Pataliputra........ Story of the wife of king Sinhd4ksha, and the wives of his principal Courtiers ०००००००० ००, Story of the woman who had eleven husbands Story of the man who, thanks to Durga, had always one ox Story of the man who managed to acquire wealth by speaking to the king.. Story of Ratnarekhé and Lakshmisena ०१०० 1.50 cece ०००००००० vessveee sees Marriage of Naravdhanadatta and S’aktiyasas ११०००००० ०००००००७ ०००००००० BOOK XI. CHAPTER LXVII. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80n...... ०००००००० ०००००००, Story of the race between the elephant and the horses ...... ०००० ५००००००१ Story of the merchant and his wife Vel& ...... ०००००००० ००००००५ voce ces Marriage of Naravébanadatta and Jayendrasené........ eee eceeeee ©0808 9 9०० @@ € ०००० @ 80088 208008 ०००००००७ # 9 9 @ @ @ @@ 9 @ ® @ ० 9० @ ०७०७००९७ BOOK XII, CHAPTER LXVIII. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80m ....0-.0 sees coccce ५००, Marriage of Naravdhanadatta and Lalitalochané , १०११००० ०००००००, Story of the jackal that was turned into an clophant......00 ००००१०० ०००००४ Story of Vamadatta and his wicked wife 9. CHAPTER LXIX, Continuation of the story of Udayana and his son .... १०११०१११७ ५००७०,,००, Story of Mrigdénkadatta and Sagdnkavati ०००० ००००१११ ०००००००० ००१००००७ Story of king Bhadrabahu and his clever minister १,११०००००००००००५०००००, Page 101—115 101—103 103—108 104—105 105—106 106 106 108—109 109—110 110—111 111—112 112 118—115 115—124 115—118 116—118 119 119—120 120—121 121—124 124 125--131 125 —126 127 - 131 131 138—137 134 134 134—137 137—138 138—146 139—141 Vil Story of Pushkaréksha and Vinayavatl ...sseee १११११०११ covsceecceuens Story of the birth of Vinayavati १०११०११५ १०१११११ ०११५११५ seven eeuvones The adventures of Pushkariksha and Vinayavati in a former life ०११०००० Story of Lavanyamanjari...... १०००००० 9 ०७००७७७७ १०००११५ ०५००००० CHAPTER LXX. Continuation of the story of Mrigénkadatta and SaS4nkavati ५ Story of Srutadhi ® 9 ०9 ० @ @ @ @ ० @ @@ @ ceeee7e ® ® ०००९ @ ०९०००९७ 02888888 ०९९००००७ CHAPTER LXXI. Continuation of the story of Mrig&nkadatta and S’‘aSdinkavatf ...... ०००००९ Story of Kamalakara and Hansévali 9 ® ® @ ® @ @ @ ® ® 9० ® ® @ ® Coesvesen ® € @ ® Beene 8 CHAPTER रशा. Continuation of the story of Mrigénkadatta and S’afdnkavati १००० seve ces Story of king Vinitamati who became a holy man १११११००१ ०००००००० ००००५, Story of the holy Doar ११११०००१ ce ०१०१०११०७७ ००००००१७ ०००१००५ ००००००००५०००००, Story of Devabhiiti ...000 seve ००००१०७ ०००१०००० ०००० ०१०००००० ०१११०११०००० Story of the generous Induprabha.... esse cece १००१०००० ५००७०००० ००००००० Story of the parrot who was taught virtue by the king of the parrots...... Story of the patient hermit S’ubhanaya ०१११ ११५०१०० coos ०१०१०० eee eves cons Story of the persevering young Brahman Story of Malayam@lin ११०००००० ०००१००५० ०००००००० ५०१००००० ०००००५० ०००००००१ Story of the robber who won over Yama’s secretary ५१०००००० ००००१ ०००००००७ CHAPTER LXXIII. Continuation of the story of Myig&nkadatta and S’asdnkavati ०१.००० ००००० Story of 8’ridargana ७989 @ 9७9०७ @७ ® 699०९ ७9०७० eeee @ ९७००००68 ७०९ # FAH HHH HED Story of Saydamin{j 9 ® 9 69७8 ७ ७०७5०७० 66००९७० @ ० ७ @ ७ @ @@ ® ० @@ seee 0908 8 ® 9 ® @ ® Story of Bbhénandana १99०9900 9 @ 9 9 9 ® @ @ ॐ 9 ® 9 @ ० 9 ® ० CHAPTER LXAXIV. Continuation of the story of Mrigénkadatta and S’aSi nkavati ०११० ०००००००९ Story of Bhimabhata @eeaee ® @ 8 ०9 69 96 €e0040098 ००९४ ® ® ® 9 © @ ® 8 onsets 608080 @ ® @ @ Story of Akshakshapanaka 9०७6 @@@&@ @© ०० ७००७ OHSS ७७७०००७० ७ @ ०० ७०९ @ ०११०००७ CHAPTER LAXV. Continuation of the story of Mrigaénkadatta and S’aS4nkavati ००००७०० ५०००००४ Story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire १००० १००५ sees cove cree cove Story of the prince who was helped toa wife by the son of his father’s minister ०७००७७९8 @ ७००० ७6०७ 080 OOS ००००७ @ OHH @@ ०9०७००9 ०१९ ०००१०४०७ CHAPTER LXXYI. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ११००, Story of the three young Bréhmans who restored a dead lady to life ,,,,,, Puge 141—146 141—142 143—145 145 146— 154 148 164—169 157—167 170—191 171—191 176—178 180—181 181—182 182 -183 183—184 184 184—186 186—189 191—214 192—214 193—194 196—201 214—231 215—230 222—223 231—-232 232—241 234—241 242—244 242—244 Vill CHAPTER LXXVII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ११०११, Story of the king and the two wise birds ,. The maina’s Btory ०००००७० ०००५०, The parrot’s story ..... @ © > @ @ @ ® @ क @ #® @ @ @ ‘eee @ ® @ @ @ > @ ॐ ७ ४ 9 @ ७ 9 @ ® @ @ ७ 2 @@ @@ ® ® ०९७०० SG @@ ०० ०@@@ © ००१०००९९ @ @ ® 9 @ @ ® @ @ ® @ @ @ @ # 9 6 @ > ® ® ® ® ® ० ठ ® @ @ 99 ® @ @@ & ® ७5 श के ००९९ CHAPTER LXXVIII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ...... Story of Viravara @ ® ® ® @ @ @ @ ® ० ® & esse @@ © ® ® @@@ @ @ ०9 9 68 @ © ® eevee eeeeannpsnene aneee CHAPTER LXXIX. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire Story of Somaprabhé and her three sisters .... CHAPTER LXXX. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire .e.e.. Story of the lady who caused her brother and husband to change heads.... CHAPTER LXXXI. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire....eeee Story of the king who married his dependent to the Nereid .... .eevee sees CHAPTER LXXXII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ee... Story of the three fastidious men # 9 ® @ ७ @ @ 9 ० > @ 8 @ @ @ @ ९ ® ® ® @ ९ 65०6 0008808688 CHAPTER LXXXAITII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ...... Story of Anangarati and her four suitors ०१११११०० veccee ००००५०५ ५५०००००००, CHAPTER LXXXIV. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ...... Story of Madanasen4 and her rash promise ०११० ०००० ००००००१ ०००००७० ५०००१००९ CHAPTER LXXXYV, Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ...... Story of king Dharmadhvaja and his three very sensitive Wived .s0e esses CHAPTER LXXXVI. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ...... Story of king YaSahketu, his Vidy4dhari wife and his faithful minister ..., CHAPTER LXXXVII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampiro ...0.. gtory of Harisvémin who first lost his wife and then his life ....se00 sees Page 245 —250 245 —250 246—247 247 —250 251—257 251—256 257—260 258—260 261— 264 261—264 265—271 265—271 271—274 271—273 275—277 275 —277 277—281 278—280 281—283 281—283 284—293 284—292 293—297 293—296 CHAPTER LXXXVIII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire secese Story of the merchant’s daughter who fell in love with a thief CHAPTER LXXXIX. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire .sessos Story of the magic globule COOCCOH RH ७०००७७७० ०७७०७०० ७७०७०७ 9०१७७००७ ५०१०००४ CHAPTER XO, Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ०००१९०१ Story of Jimitavéhana,, 020000 0920 COS ००००७०७ ०००७७०० OR EROS 996002885 0008 CHAPTER XCI. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire «esees Story of Unmadini ७००१५०१७ ERY ०००७०००७ ०७०००००९ ०७०७ Oe ee ee es CHAPTER XCII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire ००००१ Story of the Bréhman’s son who failed to acquire the magic power ०१०००००१ CHAPTER XCIIL. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire १,,००१ Story of the thief’s son COOH ७०99 ® @@ 9०० ० @ CHES ७००००७०९ @०७ ०७०७०७७७ ७००८०००५ ब CHAPTER XCIV. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena end the Vampire ...... Story of the Brihman boy who offered himself up to save ‘the life of the king 89७००००७ ७०५००७०७ ०००० ७७०७००७७ CH ७०७७७७०७ ७०००७७०० ddd ७०५७०००5. CHAPTER XCV. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire .eoes. Story of Anangamanjuri, her husband Manivarman, and the Brahman Kamalakara ०००७७ 9०१७ ००७७ ७999 9०९ ००००७७४ ७9००७85 ०१७७ ०००५०७8६ ०००००७९ CHAPTER XCVI. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire .. ees. Story of the four Brébman brothers who resuscitated the tiger....0. sceess CHAPTER XCVII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire .. ,९०* Story of the Hermit who first wept and then danced ....vececes sescceece Page 297—300 297—300 301—307 301- 806 807—318 307 —317 818—322 | 818—321 822—327 323—827 328-—334 828—334 334-—3 12 335—341 342—347 842—347 348—350 848—350 351—354 351—3538 x CHAPTER XCVIII. Continuation of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire १०१०००१ Story of the father that married the daughter and the son that married the mother CHAPTER XCIX. Conclusion of the story of king Trivikramasena and the Vampire १११०००१ Continuation of the story of Myigdnkadatta and SaSénkavati ०१०१०००० vee CHAPTER 6. Continuation of the story of Mrig&nkadatta and SaSénkavati .eoses coeves CHAPTER CI. Continuation of the story of Mrig4nkadatta and SaSAnkavati cscsesee eevee Story of Sundarasena and Mandéravati ...... ०७ ००००७००० ०००००७७७ ००१०१), CHAPTER CII. Continuation of the story of Mrigénkadatta and SaSdnkavati १००००१० ०००००, CHAPTER CIII. Conclusion of the story of Mrigénkadatta and Saddnkavati ०१०००१० ०१००००० Continuation of the story of Udayana and his son १०१०७०७७०७ ०००००००७ BOOK XIII, मै CHAPTER CIV. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80n vesscevecssese ०५१०१००७ Story of the two Bréhman friends @ 9 996 @ ® @ ०9 ® 69 @ 5७०००९७९ ७७०००९०७ ७०५०००४ BOOK XIV. - CHAPTER CV. Continuation of the story of Udayana and bis son १११००००७ ०००११००५ socees Story of Savitri and Angiras १९०७७ १००७००७ ७०००७७७ ००९७ ५७००७१०७ ००१०७१७ seen CHAPTER CVI. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80m ११११०१० cevccccecosesece Story of the child that died of a broken heart ...... ०००००७७१ ००००. ‘ CHAPTER CVII. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his son १५०००००७ cecenscsscenes Story of Rama 9 @ @ 9 8 ® ® ® ® ® 9 ® ® ® &@ ७ ०9०० @ छ 88 ७ छ ०७ @ 88 @ eoerevres ® ® © 9 9 @ @ ® cove Page 354—358 354—357 858—360 360—362 362-- 365 366—386 368—386 387— 396 396— 409: 411—423 412—423 425—430 426—4+427 430—441 435 —436 441-- 418 442 CHAPTER CVIII. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his gon १०१०००१ ५१११००७७ ७००११००५ Story of Nagausvamin and the witches .... ..scce ०००००००५ ०,,... Story of Marubhiuti and the mermaids and the gold-producing grains .... BOOK XV. । CHAPTER CIX. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 800 १०१०००७० ooveeces » History of the cave of TriSirsha १००००००. ००७००००७ ०७००७५०० ७५७१५००० ७१०००७७ CHAPTER CX, Continuation of the story of Udayana and his son ००००००७५ ०१०१००१७ ७००००. Naravéhanadatta crowned emperor of the Vidyédharas 1... ..0. cess ceeeee BOOK XVI. CHAPTER CXI. Continuation of the story of Udayana and his 80n...0000 seseee १५११०५०. Story of the devoted couple Stirasena and Sushen& ...scecvcese seccsece Death of Chandamahdsena and Angéravati 43 Death of Udayana king of Vatea ११११ १,११११११ ०५११०००५ ०११००००० ०००००००५ Continuation of the story of Naravéhanadatta son of Udayana ०५०० sseeee CHAPTER CXII. Continuation of the story of Naravdhanadatta son of Udayana 4.00 veeses Story of king Chandamahasena and the Asura’s daughter .....000 seeeee Story of prince Avantivardhana and the daughter of the Matanga ....s.06 Story of the young Chanddla who married the daughter of king Prasenajit Story of the young fisherman who married a princess .......6 Story of the Merchant’s daughter who fell in love with a thief CHAPTER (शा. Continuation of the story of Naravdhanadatta son of Udayana ...000 e0es Story of Tardvaloka @ 9 @ @ @ @ ॐ 9 @ ® @ ० @ @ 9 @ ०००७०७७ 5७०००००० £00888 ०९००००९९ BOOK XVII. CHAPTER CXIV. Continuation of the story of Naravéhanadatta son of Udayana sev ee ०००००१ Story of king Brahmadatta and the swans ७७०००७99 ७०९५९०७ ०१७०७०० १५०००७७७ Page 418 —460 449—452 45 2——454 461—469 464—465 469— 478 473—474 479—483 480—481 482 483 484—485 $85—497 486— 488 488 —496 490—491 491—493 493—495 497 —503 498—503 505—613 506—613 KH How Pérvati condemned her five attendants to be reborn on earth ११०११००४ Story of the metamorphoses of PingeSvara and GuheSvara = ०००००००१ ०००००९० CHAPTER CXV. Continuation of the story of Brahmadatta and the Swans ००००००७० ०००००००० Story of Muktéphalaketu and Padmavati .. seeeee १०००१०५० ०००००००००००५ CHAPTER CXVI. Continuation of the story of Muktéphalaketu and Padmévati ....0+ s.+s- CHAPTER CXVII. Continuation of the story of Mukt4phalaketu and Padmévati ०१०१००१ sseens CHAPTER CXVIII. Continuation of the story of Muktéphalaketu and Padmévati ११००१००० ०१५९ CHAPTER CXIX. Conclusion of the story of Muktaphalaketu and Padmavati १०००१०० ००५००००१ Conclusion of the story of Brahmadatta and the swan ०५१०००० ०००७ ००००००० Continuation of the story of Naravdhanadatta son of Udayana ००००१००००९ BOOK XVIII. CHAPTER CXX. Continuation of the story of Naravdéhanadatta son of Udayana ००११० sate Story of Vikramaditya king of OUjjayini ००००९७०० ०००७०१०० CHPEDOCOD ०१०००००४ CHAPTER CXXI. Continuation of the story of Vikramaditya king of Ujjayini.cesss eosserve Story of Madanamanjari ००७०००११ cence ०१००१०० १११००१ ०११००१ ००७०००० ००००० Story of the gambler कष्टा १११०००० १००००११ ०१७०७०१० ०००७००० ०००७००० ००००००० Story of Thinthakardla the bold gambler ..se00 seccne ०७७७००७ ०००५००० coveve Story of the gambler who cheated Yama ..... ५१००००५ ७०००१०० ०००१००० ०००००, Story of Ghanta and Nighanta and the two maidens ..,... 000s cone Story of the golden deer ceeeureevees ०००११५ verve ००१०००१ sevens seve sees CHAPTER CXXII. Continuation of the story of Vikramaditya king of Ujjayinf ..sssene ००००० Story of Malayavati the man-hating maiden = १००११०१ ०७०१४०० ००७००७० ०११९०९९९ CHAPTER CXXIII. Continuation of the story of Vikramaditya king of Ujjaying ०१९०१०११ sees Story ot Kalingasena’s marriage ००७०७ ७०००७७० ०००७०७७ ०००७९५० ००१०१७७ ०७०००१५ Page 508—510 610-513 513—614 §14—522 622—528 528—538 638—549 §49—561 561 561 563 668- 670 571—586 571— 588 572—574 674—582 581 689 684 686-698 687—593 593 §93—61} ८ ॐ111 How Devasena obtained the magic ointment १११११० ००००००१ ००००००१ cons ५००७ Story of the gratoful monkey... ०००११००० १००१००० secon sees cece ००००००० Story of the two princegsed ०००५ weve cece ce secs cece see seen voce sens cone Story of Dhanadatta ११००११०० ०००० ००००००००००००. $ Story of Keéata and Kandarpa ०५१०१००० cece cece cece ०००००. Story of Kusum4yudha and Kamalalochané CHAPTER CXXIV. Conclusion of the story of Kalingason&’s marriage ......0. ese +s Story of ChandrasvAmin १००००११० १०११०११० cscs cece sees scene seve cess cece Conclusion of the story of Vikramaditya king of Ujjayini ००१००१० ses seve Story of DovasvGaniin. 4 Story of Agnifarman .........0.. Story of Miladova १००००००० ०१५०००७ ०००००००७०००००००००००७०००१०००००००००१ Conclusion of the story of Naravahanadatta son of Udayana .... Conclusion of the Kath& Sarit Sagara ०११०१११०११००१११११००००००७००१०००००, Page 89 596—597 598—599 600—601 601—610 606—607 611—614 611—612 614—624 616—617 617—618 618—624 624 625 TRANSLATION KATHA SARIT SAGARA OCEAN OF THE STREAMS OF STORY. a ead BOOK >, a a a CHAPTER णा. We worship the elephantine proboscis of Ganeéa, not to be resisted by his enemies, reddened with vermilion, a sword dispelling great arrogance.* May the third eye of Siva, which, when all three were equally wildly-rolling, blazed forth beyond the others, as he made ready his arrow upon the string, for the burning of Pura, protect you. May the row of nails of the Man-lion,f curved and red with blood, when he slew his enemy, and his fiery look askance, destroy your calamities, Story of the porter who found a Thus Naravéhanadatta, the son bracelet. of the king of Vatsa, remained in Kausémbi in happiness, with his wives, and his ministers. And one day, when he was present, a merchant living in the city, came to make a representation to his father, as he was sitting on his throne. That mer- chant, of the name of Ratnadatta, entered, announced by the warder, and bowing before the king, said as follows: ^ 0 king, there is a poor porter here, of the name of Vasundhara ; and suddenly he is feund of late to be eating, drinking, and bestowing alms. So, out of curiosity, I took him to my house, and gave him food and drink to his heart’s content, and when I had * I read mada for madya. † Nyisinha, Vishnu assumed this form for the destruction of Hiranyakasipu. 1 2 made him drunk, I questioned him, and he gave me this answer, ‘I obtained from the door of the king’s palace a bracelet with splendid jewels, and I picked out one jewel and sold it. And I sold it for a lakh of dinars to a merchant named Hiranyagupta; this is how I come to be living in comfort at present.’ When he had said this, he shewed me that bracelet, which was marked with the king’s name, and therefore I have come to inform your majesty of the circum- stance.’ When the king of Vatsa heard that, he had the porter and the merchant of precious jewels summoned with all courtesy, and when he saw the bracelet, he said of himself; “Ah! I remember, this bracelet slipped from my arm when I was going round the city.” And the courtiers asked the porter, “ Why did you, when you had got hold of a bracelet marked with the king’s name, conceal it ?” He replied, “ I am one who gets his living by carrying burdens, and how am I to know the letters of the king’s name ? When I got hold of it, I appropriated it, being burnt up with the misery of poverty.” When he said this, the jewel-merchant, being reproached for keeping the jewel, said—*“ I bought it in the market, without putting any pressure on the man, and there was no royal mark upon it, though now it is said that it belongs to the king. And he has taken five thousand of the price, the rest is with णा€. When Yaugandhardyana, who was present, heard this speech of Hiranyagupta’s, he said—“ No one is in fault in this matter. What can we say against the porter who does not know his letters ? Poverty makes men steal, and who ever gave up what he had found ? And the merchant who bought it from him cannot be blamed.” The king when he heard this decision of his prime minister’s, approved it. And he took back his jewel from the merchant, paying him the five thousand dindrs, which had been spent by the porter, and he set the porter at liberty, after taking back his bracelet, and he, having consumed his five thousand, went free from anxiety to his own house. And the king, though in the bottom of his heart he hated that merchant Ratnadatta, as being a man who ruined those that reposed confidence in him, honoured him for his service. When they had all departed, Vasantaka came before the king, and said, ^ Ah! when men are cursed by destiny, even the wealth they obtain departs, for the incident of the inexhaustible pitcher has happened to this porter.” Storyef the diowhauslibie pitcher | For you must know that there lived long ago, in the city of Pata- liputra, a man of the name of Subhadatta, and he every day carried in a * See the note on page 14 of this work. Parallels will be found also in the notes to No. 52 of the Sicilian Tales, collected by Laura von Gonzenbach. I have referred, in the Addenda to the 1st Fasciculus, to Ralston’s Russian Folk-tales, p. 230, and Weckenstedt’s Wendische Sagen, p. 152. The Mongolian form of the story is found 3 load of wood from the forest, and sold it, and so maintained his household. Now one day he went to a distant forest, and, as it happened, he saw there four Yakshas with heavenly ornaments and dresses. The Yakshas, seeing he was terrified, kindly asked him of his circumstances, and finding out that he was poor, they conceived pity for him, and said—“ Remain here as a servant in our house, we will support your family for you without trouble on your part.” When Subhadatta heard that, he agreed, and remained with them, and he supplied them with requisites for bathing and performed other menial offices for them. When the time for eating came, those Yakshas said to him—“ Give us food from this inexhaustible pitcher.”’ But he hesitated, seeing that it was empty, and then the Yakshas again said to him, smiling —“ Subhadatta, do you not understand? Put your hand in the pitcher, and you will obtain whatever you want, for this is a pitcher that supplies whatever is required.” When he heard that, he put his hand in the pitcher, and immediately he beheld all the food and drink that could be required, And Subhadatta out of that store supplied them and ate himself. Thus waiting on the Yakshas every day with devotion and awe, Subhadatta remained in their presence anxious about his family. But his sorrowing family was comforted by them in a dream, and this kindness on their part made him happy. At the termination of one month the Yakshas said to him, “ We are pleased with this devotion of yours, we will grant you a boon, say what it shall be.” When he heard that, he said to them, “Then give me this inexhaustible pitcher.”” Then the Yakshas said to him, ^ You will not be able to keep it, for, if broken, it departs at once, so choose some other boon.” Though they warned him in these words, Subhadatta would not choose any other boon, so they gave him that inexhaustible pitcher. Then Subhadatta bowed before them delighted, and, taking that pitcher, quickly returned to his house, to the joy of his relations. Then he took out of that pitcher food and drink, and in order to conceal the secret, he placed them in other vessels, and consumed them with his relations. And as he gave up carrying burdens, and enjoyed all kinds of delights, his kinsmen one day said to him, when he was drunk; “ How did you manage to acquire the means of all this enjoyment ?'? He was too much puffed up with pride to tell them plainly, but taking the wish-granting pitcher on his in Sagas from the Far East, p.148. See also Corrigenda and Addenda to Vol. I, and Dasent’s Norse Tales, pp. 12, 264, and 293—295, and xcv of the Introduction. The first parallel is very close, as the hero of the tale lets out his secret, when warmed with wine. For the most ancient example of this kind of tale, see Rhys Davids, Bud- dhist Birth Stories, Introduction, pp. xvi—xxi. 4 shoulder, he began to dance.* And as he was dancing, the inexhaustible pitcher slipped from his shoulder, as his feet tripped with over-abundance of intoxication, and falling on the ground, was broken in pieces. And immediately it was mended again, and reverted to its original possessors, but Subhadatta was reduced to his former condition, and filled with de- spondency. “So you see that those unfortunate persons, whose intellects are de- stroyed with the vice of drinking, and other vices, and with infatuation, cannot keep wealth, even when they have obtained it.” When the king of Vatsa had heard this amusing story of the inexhaustible pitcher, he rose up, and bathed, and set about the other duties of the day. And Naravdhana- datta also bathed, and took food with his father, and at the end of the day went with his friends to his own house. There he went to bed at night, but could not sleep, and Marubhiti said to him in the hearing of the ministers: ^ I know, it is love of a slave-girl that prevents your summoning your wives, and you have not summoned the slave-girl, so you cannot sleep. But why in spite of your better knowledge do you still fall in love with heter@ ? For they have no goodness of character ; in proof that they have not, hear the following tale :” Story of the merchant's son, the hetara, There is in this country a great and the wonderful ape Ala. and opulent city named Chitrakuta. In it there lived a merchant named Ratnavarman, a prince among the wealthy. He had one son born to him by propitiating Siva, and he gave that son the name of [Svaravarman. After he had studied the sciences, his father the rich merchant, who had no other son but him, seeing that he was on the verge of manhood, said to himself: ^ Providence has created in this world that fair and frail type of woman, the hetera,to steal the wealth and life of rich young men blinded with the intoxication of youth. So I will entrust my son to some kuttini, in order that he may learn the tricks of the hetere and not be deceived by them.”’ Having thus reflected, he went with his son Yévaravarman to the house of a certain kutfin’, whose name was Yamajihva. There he saw that kutfint, with massive jaw, and long teeth, and snub nose, instructing her daughter in the following words—“ Every one is valued on account of wealth, a hetera especially ; and hetere who fall in love do not obtain wealth, therefore a hete@ra should abandon passion. For rosy red, love’s proper hue, is the harbinger of eclipse to the hetera as to * In Bartsch’s Sagen, Marchen und Gebrauche aus Meklenburg, Vol. I, p. 41, 3 man possesses himsclf of an inexhaustible beer-can. But as soon as he told how he got it, the beer disappeared. Another (page 84) spoils the charm by looking into the vessel, at the bottom of which he sees a loathsome toad. This he had been expressly forbidden to do. 5 the evening twilight ; a properly trained ketera should exhibit love with- out sincerity, like a well-trained actress. With that she should gain a man’s affections, then she should extract from him all his wealth, when he is ruined, she should finally abandon him, but if he should recover his wealth, she should take him back into favour. A hetera, like a hermit, is the same towards a young man, a child, an old man, a handsome man, and a deformed man, and so she always attains the principal object of existence.”* While the (चद was delivering this lesson to her daughter, Ratnavarman approached her, and after she had welcomed him, he took a seat by her side. And he said to her—‘ Reverend mother, teach my sun this skill of the hetera, in order that he may become clever in it. And I will give you a thousand dinars by way of recompense.’? When the Kuttiné heard his desire, she consented, and he paid the dindrs, and made over his son [Svaravarman to her, and then returned home. Then Févaravarman, in the course of one year, learned in the house of Yamajihv4 all the graceful accomplishments, and then returned to his father’s house. And after he had attained sixteen years, he said to his father—* Wealth gives us religion and love, wealth gives us consideration and renown.”’ When his father heard this, he exclaimed in approval, “ It is even so,” and being delighted, he gave him five crores by way of capital. The son took it, and set out on an auspicious day with a caravan, with the object of journeying to Svarnadvipa. And on the way he reached a town named K4nchanapura, and there he encamped in a garden, at a short distance outside the town. And after bathing and anointing himself, the young man entered the town, and went to a temple to see a spectacle. And there he saw a dancing-girl, of the name of Sundari, dancing, like a wave of the sea of beautyt tossed up by the wind of youth. And the moment he saw her, he became so devoted to her, that the instructions of the kuftind fled far from him, as if in anger. At the end of the dance, he sent a friend to solicit her, and she bowed and said—‘ I am highly favour- ej.” And Yévaravarman left vigilant guards in his camp, to watch over his treasure, and went himself to the house of that Sundari. And when he came, her mother, named Makarakati, honoured him with the various rites of hospitality which became the occasion. And at nightfall she introduced him into a chamber with a canopy of flashing jewels and a bed. There he passed the night with Sundari,f whose name expressed her nature, and who was skilled in all movements of the dance. And the next day he could not bring himself to part from her, as she shewed great affection for him, and never left his side. And the young merchant gave her twenty- * Wealth in her case, salvation in that of the hermit, ¢ Cp. Winter’s Tale, Act VI, Scene 4, line 140. $ #4. ¢. beautiful, 6 five lakhs of gold and jewels in those two days. But Sundari, witha false affectation of disinterestedness, refused to take them, saying—“ I have ob- tained much wealth, but I never found a man like you ; since I have obtained you, what should Ido with wealth P?” But her mother Makarakati, whose only child she was, said to her, ‘“‘ Henceforth, whatever wealth belongs to us, is as much his as his own property, so take it, my daughter, asa con- tribution to our common stock, what harm is there in that??? When Sundari’s mother said this to her, she took it with affected unwillingness, and the foolish [svaravarman thought she was really in love with him. While the merchant remained in her house, charmed by her beauty, her dancing, and singing, two months passed, and in course of time he bestowed upon her two crores. Then his friend, named Arthadatta, of his own accord came to him and said—‘ Friend, has all that training of yours, though painfully acquired from the kuttinz, proved useless, now that the occasion has presented itself, as skill in the use of weapons does to a coward, in that you believe that there is sincerity in this love of a hetera ? Is water ever really found in desert-mirages ? So let us go before all your wealth is consumed, for, if your father were to hear of it, he would be very angry.”” When his friend said this to him, the merchant’s son said, ^ It is true that no reliance can be placed upon hetere as a rule, but Sundari is not like the rest of her class, for, if she were to lose sight of me for a moment, my friend, she would die. So do you break it to her, if we must in any case go.” When he said this to Arthadatta, Arthadatta said to Sundari, in the pre- sence of évaravarman and her mother Makarakati, ^ You entertain extraor- dinary affection for [$varavarman, but he must certainly go on a trading ex- pedition to Svarnadvipa immediately. There he will obtain so much wealth, that he will come and live with you in happiness all his life, consent to it, my friend.” When Sundari heard this, she gazed on the face of Iévara- varman with tears in her eyes and assumed despondency, and said to Artha- datta, “ What am Ito say ? you gentlemen know best. Whocan rely on any one before seeing the end? Never mind! Let fate deal with me as it will!” When she said this, her mother said to her, ^^ Do not be grieved, control yourself ; your lover will certainly return when he has made his fortune ; he will not abandon you.” In these words her mother consoled her, but made an agreement with her, and had a net secretly prepared in a well, that lay in the road they must take. And then I'svaravarman’s mind was in a state of tremulous agitation about parting, and Sundari, as if out of grief, took but little food and drink. And she shewed no inclination for singing, music, or dancing, but she was consoled by [évaravarman witb various affectionate attentions. Then, on the day named by his friend, 'Svaravarman set out from the 7 house of Sundari, after the Auttin’ had offered a prayer for his success, And Sundari followed him weeping, with her mother, outside the city, as far as the well in which the net had been stretched. There he made Sundari turn back, and he was proceeding on his journey, when she flung herself into the well on the top of the net. Then a loud cry was heard from her mother, from the female slaves, and all the attendants, ^ Ah! my daughter! Ah! mistress!” That made the merchant’s son and his friend turn round, and when he heard that his beloved had thrown herself into a well, he was for a moment stupefied with grief. And Makarakati, lamenting with loud cries, made her servants, who were attached to her, and in the secret, go down into the well. They let themselves down by means of ropes, and excluiming, ^ Thank heaven, she is alive, she is alive,” they brought up Sundari from the well. When she was brought up, she assumed the ध]? pearance of one nearly dead, and after she had mentioned the name of the merchant’s son, who had returned, she slowly began to cry. But he, being comforted, took her to her house in great delight, accompanied by his atten- dants, returning there himself. And baving made up his mind that the love of Sundari was to be relied on, and considering that, by obtaining her, he had obtained the real end of his birth, he once more gave up the idea of continuing his journey. And when he had taken up his abode there, deter- mined to remain, his friend said to him once more, “ My friend, why have you ruined yourself by infatuation ? Do not rely on the love of Sundari simply because she flung herself into a well, for the treacherous schemes of a kuttin¢ are not to be fathomed even by Providence. And what will you say to your father, when you have spent all your property, or where will you go? So leave this place even at this eleventh hour, if your mind is sound.” When the merchant’s son heard this speech of his friend’s, he paid no attention to it, and in another month he spent those other three crores. Then he was stripped of his all; and the kuttin? Makarakati had him seized by the back of the neck and turned out of Sundari’s house. But Arthadatta and the others quickly returned to their own city, and told the whole story, as it happened, to his father. His father Ratnavar- man, that prince of merchants, was much grieved when he heard it, and in great distress went to the kuttine Yamajihva, and said to her, “Though you received a large salary, you taught my son so badly, that Makarakati has with ease stripped him of all his wealth.” When he had said this, he told her all the story of his son. Then the old kuftin¢ Yamajihvé said: “ Have your son brought back here; I will enable him to strip Maka- rakati of all her wealth.” When the Auttiné Yamajihv4 made this promise, Ratnavarman quickly sent off that moment his son’s well-mean- ing friend Arthadatta with a message, to bring him, and to take at the same time means for his subsistence. 8 So Arthadatta went back to that city of Kanchanapura, and told the whole message to 'gvaravarman. And he went on to say to him—“ Friend, you would notdo what I advised you, so you have now had personal experience of the untrustworthy dispositions of hetere. After you had given that five crores, you were ejected neck and crop. What wise man looks for love in hetere or for oil in sand? Or why do you put out of sight this unalter- able nature of things?* A man is wise, self-restrained, and possesses happiness, only so long as he does not fall within the range of woman’s cajoleries. So return to your father and appease his wrath.” With these words Arthadatta quickly induced him to return, and encouraging him, led him into the presence of his father. And his father, out of love for his only son, spoke kindly to him, and again took him to the house of Yamajihva. And when she questioned him, he told his whole story by the mouth of Arthadatta, down to the circumstance of Sundari’s flinging herself into the well, and how he lost his wealth. Then Yamajihvé said—‘‘I indeed am to blame, because I forgot to teach him this trick. For Makarakati stretched a net in the well, and Sundari flung herself upon that, 80 she was not killed. Still there is a remedy in this case.” Having said this, the kuttin¢ made her female slaves bring hermonkey named Ala. And in their presence she gave the monkey her thousand dindrs, and said—* Swallow these,” and the monkey, being trained to swallow money, didso. Then she said, “Now, my son give twenty to him, twenty-five to him, and sixty to him, and a hundred to him.” And the monkey, as often as Yamajihvé told him to pay a sum, brought up the exact number of dindrs, and gave them as commanded.f And after Yamajihv& had shewn this device of Ala, she said to Isvaravarman, “ Now take with you this young monkey. And repair again to the house of Sundari, and keep asking him day by day for sums of money, which you have secretly made him swallow. And Sundari, when she sees Ala, resembling in his powers the wishing-stone, will beg for him, and will give you all she has so as to obtain possession of the ape, and clasp him to her bosom. And after you have got her wealth, make him swallow enough money for two days, and give him to her, and then depart to a distance without delay.” ¢ I find in the Sanskrit College MS. Aimmuchyate for vimuchyate. ¢ In La Fontaine’s Contcs et Nouvelles III, 13, there is a little dog gus secoue del? argent et des pierreries. The idea probably comes from the Mahabharata. In this poem Srinjaya has a son named Suvarnashtivin. Some robbers treat “him as the goose that laid the golden eggs was treated. There are also birds that spit gold in the Ma- haébharata. (See Lévéque, Les Mythes et Légendes de 1’ Inde, pp. 289—294.) There is an ass with the same gift in Sicilianische Marchen, No. 62. For the wishing-stone sce Dasent’s Norse Tales, Introduction, p. xcv. He remarks that the stone in his tale No. LIX, which tells the prince all the secrote of his brides, “is plainly the old Oskastein or wishing-stone.”’ 9 After Yamajihva had said this, she gave that ape to I’Svaravarman, and his father gave him two crores by way of capital. And with the ape and the money he went once more to Kanchanapura, and despatching a messen- ger on in front, he entered the house of Sundari. Sundari welcomed him as if he were an incarnation of perseverance, which includes in itself all means for attaining an end, and his friend with him, embracing him round the neck, and making other demonstrations. Then Yévaravarman, having gained her confidence, said to Arthadatta in her presence in the house: «^ ७0, and bring Ala.” He said, “I will,” and went and brought the monkey. And asthe monkey had before swallowed a thousand dindrs, he said to him, “‘ Ala, my son, give us to-day three hundred dinars for our eating and drinking, and a hundred for betel and other expenses, and give one hundred to our mother Makarakati, and a hundred to the Brahmans, and give the rest of the thousand to Sundari.” When YIsSvaravarman said this, the monkey brought up the dinars he had before swallowed, to the amounts ordered, and gave them for the various objects required. So by this artifice Ala was made to supply every day the necessary expenses, for the period of a fortnight, and in the meanwhile Makarakati* and Sundari began to think; “ Why this is a very wishing-stone which he has get hold of in the form of an ape, which gives every day a hundred dindrs ; if he would only give it us, all our desires would be accomplished.” Having thus debated in private with her mother, Sundari said to that Fgvaravarman, when he was sitting at his ease after dinner,—“ If you really are well pleased with me, give me Ala.” But when Iévaravarman heard that, he answered laughingly, ‘‘ He is my father’s all in the world, and it is not proper to give him away.” When he said this, Sundari said to him again, “Give him me and I will give you five ecrores.’’ Thereupon révaravarman said with an air of decision, “If you were to give me all your property, or indeed this city, it would not do to give him you, much less for your crores.” When Sundari heard this, she said, “I will give you all I possess; but give me this ape, otherwise my mother will be angry with me.” And thereupon she clung to Yévaravarman’s feet. Then Arthadatta and the others said, “Give it her, happen what will.’ Then Tévaravarman promised to give it her, and he spent the day with the de- lighted Sundari. And the next day he gave to Sundari, at her earnest entreaties, that ape, which had in secret been made to swallow two thou- sand dinars, and he immediately took by way of payment all the wealth in her house, and went off quickly to Svarnadvipa to trade. And to Sundari’s delight, the monkey Ala, when asked, gave her regularly a thousand dindrs for two days. But on the third day he did ® The reading should be Makarakafyevam. 2 10 not give her anything; though coaxed to do it, then Sundari struck the ape with her fist. And the monkey, being beaten, sprang up in a rage, and bit and scratched the faces of Sundari and her mother, who were thrashing him. Then the mother, whose face was streaming with blood, flew in a passion and beat the ape with sticks, till he died on the spot. When Sundari saw that he was dead, and reflected that all her wealth was gone, she was ready to commit suicide for grief, and so was her mother. And when the people of the town heard the story, they laughed and said, “ Because Makarakati took away this man’s wealth by means of a net, he in his turn has stripped her of all her property, like a clever fellow that he is, by means of a pet; she was sharp enough to net him, but did not de- tect the net laid for herself. Then Sundari, with her scratched face and vanished wealth, was with difficulty restrained by her relations from de- stroying herself, and so was her mother. And Iévaravarman soon returned from Svarnadvipa to the house of his father in Chitrakdta. And when his father saw him returned, having acquired enormous wealth, he rewarded the kuttine Yamajihvaé with treasure, and made a great feast. And [évaravar- man, seeing the matchless deceitfulness of heter@, became disgusted with their society, and taking a wife remained in his own house.* “‘So you see, king, that there never dwells in the minds of hetera@ even an atom of truth, unalloyed with treachery, so a man who desires prosperity should not take pleasure in them, as their society is only to be gained by the wealthy, any more than in uninhabited woods to be crossed only with @ caravan.f”’ When NaravShanadatta heard, from the mouth of Marubhiti, the above story, word for word, of Ala and the net, he and Gomukha approved it, and laughed heartily. CHAPTER LVIII. When Marubhiti had thus illustrated the untrustworthy character of hetera@, the wise Gomukha told this tale of Kumudiké, the lesson of which was the same. * There is a certain resemblance between this story and the Xth Novel of the VI1IIth day in Boccacio’s Decameron. Dunlop traces Boccacio’s story to the Disciplina Clericalis of Petrus Alphonsus (0. 16). It is also found in the Arabian Nights (story of Ali Khoja, the merchant of Baghdad,) in the Gesta Romanorum (0. 118), and in the Cento Novelle Antiche (No. 74), see also Fletcher’s Rule a Wife and have a Wife. (Dunlop’s History of Fiction, p. 56, Liebrecht’s German translation, p. 247). ¶† An elaborate pun. 11 Story of king Vikramasinha, the he- There was in Pratishthana a tera, and the young Brahman. king named Vikramasinha, who was made by Providence a lion in courage, so that his name expressed his nature. He had a queen of lofty lineage, beautiful and beloved, whose lovely form was her only ornament, and she was called Sasilekha. Once on a time, when he was in his city, five or six of his relations combined together, and going to his palace, surrounded him. Their names were Mahdbhata, Virabaéhu, Sub4hu, Subhata and Pratdpdditya, all powerful kings. The king’s minister was proceeding to try the effect of conciliation on them, but the king set him aside, and went out to fight with them. And when the two armies had begun to exchange showers of arrows, the king himself entered the fray, mounted on an elephant, confiding in his might. And when the five kings, Mahé- bhata and the others, saw him, seconded only by his bow, dispersing the army of his enemies, they all attacked him together. And as the numerous force of the five kings made an united charge, the force of Vikramasinha, being inferior in number, was broken. Then his minister Anantaguna, who was at his side, said, ^“ Our force is routed for the present, there is no chance of vic- tory to-day, and you would engage in this conflict with an overwhelming force in spite of my advice, so now at the last moment do what I recommend you, in order that the affair may turn out prosperously ; come now, descend from your elephant, and mount a horse, and let us go to another country ; if you live, you will conquer your enemies on some future occasion.” When the minister said this, the king readily got down from his elephant, and mounted on a horse, and left his army in company with him. And in course of time, the king, in disguise, reached with his minister the city of Ujjayini. There he entered with his minister the house of a hetera, named Kumudiké, renowned for her wealth ; and she, seeing him suddenly entering the house, thought, ^“ This is a distinguished hero that has come tomy house: and his majesty and the marks on his body shew him to bea great king, so my desire is sure to be attained if I can make him my in- strument.’’ Having thus reflected, Kumudiké rose up and welcomed him, and entertained him hospitably, and immediately she said to the king, who was wearied,—“ I am fortunate, to-day the good deeds of my former life have borne fruit, in that Your Majesty has hallowed my house by coming to itin person. So by this favour Your Majesty has made me your slave. The hundred elephants, and two myriads of horses, and house full of jewels, which belong to me, are entirely at your majesty’s disposal.”” Having said this, she provided the king and his minister with baths and other luxuries, all in magnificent style. Then the wearied king lived in her palace, at his ease, with her, who put her wealth at his disposal. Heconsumed her substance and gave it away to petitioners, and she did not show any anger against him on that 12 account, but was rather pleased at it. Thereupon the king was delighted, thinking that she was really attached to him, but his minister Anantaguya, who was with him, said to him in secret : “ Your majesty, hetere@ are not to be depended upon, though, I must confess, I cannot guess the reason why Kumudika shews you love.” When the king heard this speech of his, he answered him: ^ Do not speak thus; Kumudika would even lay down her life for my sake. If you do not believe it, I will give you a convincing proof.” After the king had said this to his minister, he adopted this artifice; he took little to eat and little to drink, and so gradually attenuated his body,and at last he made himself as dead, without movement, prostrate on the ground. Then his attendants put him on a bier, and carried him to the burning-ghat with lamentations, while Anantaguna affected a grief which he did not feel. And Kumudika, out of grief, came and ascended the funeral pyre with him, though her relations tried to prevent her. But before the fire was lighted, the king, perceiving that Kumudika had followed him, rose up with a yawn. And all his attendants took him home with Kumudiké to his lodging, ex- claiming, “ Fortunate is it that our king has been restored to life.”’ Then a feast was made, and the king recovered his normal condition, and said in private to his minister,—“ Did you observe the devotion of Kumudikaé ?” Then the minister said,— I do not believe even now. You may be sure that there is some reason for her conduct, so we must wait to get to the bottom of the matter. But let us reveal to her who we are, in order that we may obtain a force granted by her, and another force supplied by your ally, and so smite our enemies in battle.” While he was saying this, the spy, that had been secretly sent out, returned, and when questioned, answered as follows; ¢ Your enemies have overrun the country, and queen 38511608, having heard from the people a false report of your majesty’s death, has entered the 776. When the king heard this, he was smitten by the thunderbolt of grief, and lamented—“ Alas! my queen! Alas, chaste lady !”’ Then Kumudiké at last came to know the truth, and after consoling the king Vikramasinha, she said to him; ^ Why did not the king give me the order long ago? Now punish your enemies with my wealth and my forces.” When she said this, the king augmented the force by means of her wealth, and repaired to a powerful king who was an ally of his. And he marched with his forces and those forces of his own, and after killing those five enemies in battle, he got possession of their kingdoms into the bargain. Then he was delighted, and said to Kumudika who accompanied him ; “ I am pleased with you, so tell me what I can do to gratify you.”” Then Kumudiké said—‘ If you are really pleased, my lord, then extract from my heart this one thorn that has long remained there. I have an affection for a Bréhman’s son, of the name of Sridhara, in Ujjayini, whom the king has 13 thrown into prison for a very small fault, so deliver him out of the king’s hand. Because I saw by your royal marks, that your majesty was a glorious hero, and destined to be successful, and able to effect this object of mine, I waited on you with devoted attentions. Moreover, I ascended that pyre out of despair of attaining my object, considering that life was useless without that Bréhman’s son. When the hetera said this, the king answered her; “I will accomplish it for you, fair one, do not despair.” After saying this, he called to mind his minister’s speech, and thought— ५८ Anantaguna was right, when he said that hetere were not to be depended upon. But I must gratify the wish of this miserable creature.’”? Thus resolved, he went with his troops to Ujjayini, and after getting Sridhara set at liberty, and giving him much wealth, he made Kumudika happy by uniting her with her beloved there. And after returning to his city, he never disobeyed the advice of his minister, and so in time he came to enjoy the whole earth. « So yousee, the hearts of hetere are fathomless and hard to understand.” Then Gomukha stopped, after he had told §his story. But then Tapantaka said in the presence of Narav&hanadatta—“ Prince, you must never repose any confidence at all in women, for they are all light, even those that, being married or unmarried, dwell in their father’s house, as well as those that are hetere by profession. I will tell youa wonder which happened in this very place, hear it. Story of the faithless wife who burnt There was a merchant in this herself with her husband's body. very city named Balavarman, and he had a wife named Chandrasri, and she beheld from a window a handsome merchant’s son, of the name of Silahara, and she sent her female friend ४५ invite him to her house, and there she used to have assignations with him in secret. And while she was in the habit of meeting him there every day, her attachment to him was discovered by all her friends and relations, But her husband Balavarman was the only one who did not discover that she was unchaste ; very often men blinded by affection do not discover the wickedness of their wives. Then a burning fever seized Balavarman, and the merchant conse- quently was soon reduced to a very lowstate. But, though he was in this state, his wife went every day to her friend’s house, to meet her paramour. And the next day, while she was there, her husband died. And on hearing of it she returned, quickly taking leave of her lover. And out of grief for her husband, she ascended the pyre with his body, being firmly resolved, though her attendants, who knew her character, tried to dissuade her.* * Ralston remarks (Songs of the Russian people, p. 327.) ‘The fact that in Slavonic lands, a thousand years ago, widows used to destroy themselves, in order to 14 “Thus is the way of a woman’sheart truly hard to understand. They fall in love with strange men, and die when separated from their husbands.” When Tapantaka said this, Harisikha said in histurn, ‘ Have you not heard what happened in this way to Devadasa ?”’ Story of the faithless wife who had her Of old time there lived in a husband murdered, village a householder, named Deva- dasa, and he had a wife named with good cause Duhsilé.* And the neighbours knew that she was in love with another man. Now, once on ॐ time, Devaddésa went to the king’s court on some business. And his wife, who wished to have him murdered, took advantage of the occasion to bring her paramour, whom she concealed on the roof of the house. And in the dead of night she had her husband Devadasa killed by that paramour, when he was asleep, And she dismissed her paramour, and remained quiet until the morning, when she went out, and exclaimed, ^“ My husband has been killed by robbers.”” Then his relations came there, and after they had seen his body, they said, ‘“‘ If he was killed by thieves, why did they not carry off anything ?” After thgy had said this, they asked her young son, who was there, “Who killed your father?’ Then he said plainly ; “A man had gone up on the roof here in the day, he came down in the night, and killed my father before my eyes; but first my mother took me and rose up from my father’s side.’ When the boy said this, the dead man’s relations knew that Devadasa had been killed by his wife’s paramour, and they searched him out, and put him to death then and there, and they adopted that boy and banished Duhdilé. ^ 80 you see, a woman, whose heart is fixed on another man, infallibly kills like the snake.” When Harisikha said this, Gomukha said again— “Why should we tell any out-of-the-way story? Listen to the ridiculous fate that befell Vajrasdra here, the servant of the king of Vatsa.”’ Story of Vajrasdra whose wife cut off He, being brave and handsome, his nose and ears. had a beautiful wife that came from 2081878, whom he loved more than hisown body. Once on a time his wife’s father, longing to see her, came in person, accompanied by his son, from Malava, to invite him and her. Then Vajraséra entertained him, and informed the king, and went, as he had been invited to do, to Malava with his wife and his father-in-law. And after he had rested a month only in accompany their dead husbands to the world of spirits, seems to rest upon incontestable evidence, and there can be no doubt that ‘a rite of suttee, like that of modern India’ prevailed among the heathen Slavonians, the descendant, perhaps as Mr. Tylor remarks (Primitive Culture, I, 421) of ‘ widow-sacrifice’ among many of the European nations, of ‘an ancient Aryan rite belonging originally to a period even earlier then the Veda’ ’’. ® ¢. ©.) of bad character. 15 his father-in-law’s house, he came back here to attend upon the king, but that wife of his remained there. Then, after some days had passed, suddenly a friend of the name of Krodhana came to him, and said :—“ Why have you ruined your family by leaving your wife in her father’s house ? For the abandoned woman has there formed a connexion with another man. This was told me to-day by a trustworthy person who came from that place. Do not suppose that it is untrue; punish her, and marry another.” When Krodhana had said this, he went away, and Vajraséra stood bewildered for a moment, and then reflected— I suspect this may be true; other- wise, why did she not come back, though I sent a man to summon her? So I will go myself to bring her, and see what the state of the case is.”’ Having formed this resolution, he went to Malava, and after taking leave of his father-in-law and his mother-in-law, he set out with his wife. And after he had gone a long distance, he eluded his followers by a trick, and going by the wrong path, entered with his wife a dense wood. He sat down in the middle of it, and said to her, out of hearing of any one: “I have heard from a trustworthy friend, that you are in love with another, and when I, remaining at home, sent for you, you did not come ; so tell me the truth; if you do not, I will punish you.” When 86 heard this, she said: “ If this is your intention, why do you ask me 0 Do what you like.” When Vajraséra heard this contemptuous speech of hers, he was angry and tied her up, and began to beat her with creepers. But while he was stripping off her clothes, he felt his passion renewed, and asked her to forgive him, whereupon she said; “I will, if I may tie you up and beat you with creepers, in the same way as you tied me up and beat me, but not otherwise.” Vajrasdra, whose heart was made like stubble by love, consented, for he was blinded by passion. Then she bound him firmly, hand and foot, to a tree, and, when he was bound, she cut off his ears and nose with his own sword, and the wicked woman took his sword and clothes, and disguising herself as a man, departed whither she would. But Vajraséra, with his nose and ears cut off, remained there, depressed by great loss of blood, and loss of self-respect. Then a certain benevolent physician, who was wandering through the wood in search of healing herbs, saw him, and out of compassion unbound him, and brought him home to his house. And Vajraséra, having been brought round by him, slowly returned to his own house, but he did not find that wicked wife, though he sought for her. And he described the whole occurrence, to Krodhana, and he related it in the presence of the king of Vatsa ; and all the people in the king’s court mocked him, saying, that his wife had justly taken away his man’s dress and suitably punished him, ९९४86 he had lost all manly spirit and faculty of just resentment, and so become a woman. But in spite of their ridicule he remains there with 16 heart of adamant, proof against shame. So what confidence, your Royal Highness, can be placed in women ? When Gomukha had said this, Marubhiti went on to say, ^ The mind of woman is unstable, hear a tale in illustration of this truth. Story of king Sinhabala and his fickle Formerly there dwelt in the wife. Deccan a king, of the name of Sinha- bala. And his wife named Kalydnavati, the daughter of a prince of Malava, was dear to him above all the women of his harem. And the king ruled the realm with her as consort, but once on a time he was expelled from his kingdom by his powerful relations, who banded together against him. And then the king, accompanied by the queen, with his weapons and but few attendants, set out for the house of his father-in-law in Malava. And as he was going along through a forest, which lay in his road, a lion charged him, and the hero easily cut it in two with a stroke of his sword. And whena wild elephant came at him trumpeting, he circled round it and cut off with his sword its trunk and feet, and stripped it of its jewel, and killed it. And alone he dispersed the hosts of bandits like lotuses, and trampled them, as the elephant, lord of the forest, tramples the beds of white water-lilies. Thus he accomplished the journey, and his wonderful courage was seen, and so he reached Malava, and then this sea of valour said to his wife: ^ You must not tell in your father’s house this that happened to me on the journey, it will bring shame to me, my queen, for what is there laudable in courage dis- played by a man of the military caste?” After he had given her this injunc- tion, he entered his father-in-law’s house with her, and when eagerly questioned by him, told his story. His father-in-law honoured him, and gave him elephants and horses, and then he repaired to a very powerful king named Gajanika. But being intent on conquering his enemies, he left his wife Kalyanavati there in her father’s house. Some days after he had gone, his wife, while standing at the window, saw acertain man. The moment she saw him, he captivated her heart by his good looks; and being drawn on by love, she immediately thought, “ I know, no one is more handsome or more brave than my husband, but alas! my mind is attracted towards this man. So let what must be, be. I will have an interview with him.”’? So she determined in her own mind, and told her desire to a female attendant, who was her confidante. And she made her bring him at night, and introduce him into the women’s apartments by the window, pulling him up with a rope. When the man was introduced, he had not courage to sit boldly on the sofa on which she was, but sat apart ona chair. The queen, when she saw that, was despondent, thinking he was a mean man, and at that very moment a snake, which was roaming 17 about, came down from the roof. When the man saw the snake, he sprang up quickly in fear, and taking his bow, he killed the snake with an arrow. And when it fell dead, he threw it out of the window, and in his delight at having escaped that danger, the coward danced for joy. When Kalyana- vati saw him dancing, she was cast down, and thought to herself over and over again: “Alas! alas! What have I to do with this mean-spirited coward ?” And her friend, who was a discerning person, saw that she was disgusted, and so she went out, and quickly returned with assumed trepida- tion, and said, “Queen, your father has come, so let this young man quickly return to his own house by the way by which he came.” When she said this, he went out of the window by means of the rope, and being overpowered by fear, he fell, but as luck would have it, he was not killed. When he had gone, Kalyanavati said to her confidante,— My friend, you have acted rightly in turning out this low fellow.* You penetrated my feelings, for my heart is vexed. My husband, after slaying tigers and lions, conceals it through modesty, and this cowardly man, after killing a snake, dances for joy. So why should I desert such a husband and fall in love with a common fellow? Curse on my unstable mind, or rather curse on women, who are like flies that leave camphor and haste to impurity!” The queen spent the night in these self-reproaches, and afterwards remained waiting in her father’s house for the return of her husband. In the meanwhile Sinhabala, having been supplied with another army by king Gajanika, slew those five wicked relations. Then he recovered his kingdom, and at the same time brought back his wife from her father’s house, and after loading his father-in-law with abundance of wealth, he ruled the earth for a long time without opposition. “So you see, king, that the mind of even discerning women is fickle, and, though they have brave and handsome husbands, wanders hither and thither, but women of pure character are scarce.” When Naravahanadatta, the son of the king of Vatsa, had heard this story related by Marubhuti, he sank off into a sound sleep and so passed the night. CHAPTER LIX. Early the next day, Naravdhanadatta, after he had performed his necessary duties, went to his garden by way of amusement. And while he was there, he saw first a blaze of splendour descend from heaven, and after * The Sanskrit College MS. inserts १४८४० after kritam. 3 18 it a company of many Vidy4dhara females, And in the middle of those glittering ones, he saw a maiden charming to the eye like a digit of the moon in the middle of the stars, with face like an opening lotus, with rolling eyes like circling bees, with the swimming gait of a swan, diffusing the perfume of a blue lotus, with dimples charming like waves, with waist adorned with a string of pearls, like the presiding goddess of the lovely lake in Cupid’s garden, appearing in bodily form. And the prince, when he saw that charming enamoured creature, a medicine potent to revive the god of love, was disturbed like the sea, when it beholds the orb of the moon. And he approached her, saying to his ministers—Ah! extraordinary is the variety in producing fair ones that is characteristic of Providence ! And when she looked at him with a sidelong look tender with passion, he asked her—‘“ Whoare you, auspicious one, and why have you come here ?” When the maiden heard that, she said, “ Listen, I will tell you.’ “There is a town of gold on the Himdlayas, named Kanchanasgringa. In it there lives a king of the Vidyddharas, named Sphatikayaégas, who is just, and kind to the wretched, the unprotected, and those who seek his aid. Know that I am his daughter, born to him by the queen Hemaprabhé, in consequence of a boon granted by Gauri. And I, being the youngest child, and having five brothers, and being dear to my father as his life, kept by his advice propitiating Gauri with vows and hymns. She, being pleased, bestowed on me all the magic sciences, and deigned to address me thus—‘ Thy might in science shall be tenfold that of thy father, and thy husband shall be Naravdhanadatta, the son of the king of Vatsa, the future emperor of the VidyaédharasP After the consort of Siva had said this, she disappeared, and by her favour I obtained the sciences and gradually grewup. And last night the goddess appeared to me and commanded me— ‘ To-morrow, my daughter, thou must go and visit thy husband, and thou must return here the same day, for in a month thy father, who has long entertained this intention, will give thee in marriage.’ The goddess, after giving me this command, disappeared, and the night came to an end ; so here I am come, your Highness, to pay you a visit. So now I will depart.” Having said this, Saktiyasas flew up into the heaven with her attendants, and returned to her father’s city. But Naravdhanadatta, being eager to marry her, went in disappointed, considering the month as long as a yuga. And Gomukha, seeing that he was despondent, said to him, “ Listen, prince, I will tell you a delightful story.” Story of king Sumanas, the Nishdda In old time there was a city maiden, and the learned parrot.® named Kénchanapuri, and in it there * Cp. the falcon in Chaucer’s Squire’s Tale and the parallels quoted by Skeat in his Introduction to Chaucer’s Prioresses Tale &c., p. xlvii. 19 lived a great king named Sumanas. He was of extraordinary splendour, and crossing difficult and inaccessible regions, he conquered the fortresses and fastnesses of his foes. Once, as he was sitting in the hall of assem- bly, the warder said to him—‘ King, the daughter of the king of the Nishadas, named Muktélata, is standing outside the door with a parrot in ॐ cage, accompanied by her brother Viraprabha, and wishes to see your Majesty.”’ The king said “Let her enter,” and, introduced by the warder, the Bhilla maiden entered the enclosure of the king’s hall of assembly. And all there, when they saw her beauty, thought—“ This is not a mortal maiden, surely this is some heavenly nymph.’’ And she bowed before the king and spoke as follows—‘ King, here is a parrot that knows the four Vedas, called Sastraganja, a poet skilled in all the sciences and in the graceful arts, and I have brought him here to-day by the order of king Maya, so receive him.” With these words she handed over the parrot, and it was brought by the warder near the king, as he had a curiosity to see it, and it recited the following s‘loka: “ King, this is natural, that the black-faced smoke of thy valour should be continually increased by the windy sighs of the widows of thy enemies, but this is strange, that the strong flame of thy valour blazes in the ten cardinal points all the more fiercely on account of the overflowing of the ‘copious tears wrung from them by the humiliation of defeat.” When the parrot had recited this gloka, it began to reflect, and said again, “ What do you wish to know? tell me from what s‘dstra [ shall recite.” Then the king was much astonished, but his minister said—“ TI suspect, my lord, this is some rishz of ancient days become a parrot on account of a curse, but owing to his piety he remembers his former birth, and so recollects what he formerly read.” When the ministers said this to the king, the king said to the parrot—‘“I feel curiosity, my good parrot, tell me your story, where is your place of birth? How comes it that in your parrot condition you know the s‘dstras ? Who are your” Then the parrot shed tears and slowly spoke: “ The story is sad to tell, O king, but listen, I will tell it in obedience to thy command. The parrot’s account of his own life as Near the Himalayas, O king, @ perrot. there is a rohint tree, which resem- bles the Vedas, in that many birds take refuge in its branches that extend through the heaven, as Brahmans in the various branches of the sacred tradition.* There a cock-parrot used to dwell with his hen, and to that pair I was born, by the influence of my evil works in a former life. And as soon as I was born, the hen-parrot, my mother, died, but my old father ® An elaborate pun on dvya and sdkhd. 20 put me under his wing, and fostered me tenderly. And he continued to live there, eating what remained over from the fruits brought by the other parrots, and giving some to me. Once on a time, there came there to hunt a terrible army of Bhillas, making a noise with cows’ horns strongly blown; and the whole of that great wood was like an army fleecing in rout, with terrified antelopes for dust-stained banners, and the bushy tails of the chamari deer, agitated in fear, resembling chowries, as the host of Pulindas rushed upon it to slay various living creatures. And after the army of Savaras had spent the day in the hunting-grounds, in the sport of death, they returned with the loads of flesh which they had obtained. But a certain aged Savara, who had not obtained any flesh, saw the tree in the evening, and being hungry, approached it, and he quickly climbed up it, and kept dragging parrots and other birds from their nests, killing them, and flinging them on the ground. And when I saw him coming near, like the minister of Yama, I slowly crept in fear underneath the wing of my father. And in the meanwhile the ruffian came near our nest, and dragged out my father, and wringing his neck, flung him down on the ground at the foot of the tree. And I fell with my father, and slipping out from underneath his wing, I slowly crept in my fear into the grass and leaves, Then the rascally Bhilla came down, and roasted some of the parrots and ate them, and others he carried off to his own village. Then my fear was at an end, but I spent a night long from grief, and in the morning, when the flaming eye* of the world had mounted high in the heaven, I, being thirsty, went to the bank of a neighbouring lake full of lotuses, tumbling frequently, clinging to the earth with my wings, and there I saw on the sand of the lake a hermit, named Marichi, who had just bathed, as it were my good works in a former state of existence. He, when he saw me, refreshed me with drops of water flung in my face, and, putting me in the hollow of a leaf, out of pity, carried me to his hermitage. There Pulastya, the head of the hermitage, laughed when he saw me, and being asked by the other hermits, why he laughed, having supernatural insight, he said—‘‘ When I beheld this parrot, who is a parrot in consequence of a curse, I laughed out of sorrow, but after I have said my daily prayers, I will tell a story connected with him, which shall cause him to remember his former birth, and the occurrences of his former lives.” After saying this, the hermit Pulastya rose up for his daily prayer, and, after he had performed his daily * For the conception of the sun as an eye see Kuhn, Die Herabkunft des Feuers und des Géttertranks, pp 52,53. The ideais common in English poetry. See for instance Milton, P. L. ए. 171, Spenser’s Faery Queene, I, 3,4. For instances in classical poetry, see Ovid, Met. LV, 228, Ar. Nub. 286, Soph. Tr. 101. 21 prayer, being again solicited by the hermits, the great sage told this story concerning me. Pia Aackihn