वगं संख्या Book No. EE REE ~ ~ ~ CR RR IEE ERE RIE DE IER SaaS लाल TTS शास्त्री प्रशासन अकादमी Lal Bahadur Shastric Aademy अवाप्ति संख्या Accession ॥0......... 9-2-14 Class No ....... पुस्तक संख्या of Administration मसूरौ MUSSOORIE पुस्तकालय LIBRARY |/265 lage ae a ae MR SE See "< 891-44 of works belonging to or ; Original text editions as > 3 1 te ae ~ eS Ae Sea See | ibliographies ; dictionaries, ; 1d consists of an Old and New Series. The New series was begun in 1860 and is still running. The issues in the series consisted originally of fascicles of 96 or 100 pages print, though occasionally numbers were issued of double, triple or larger bulk, and in a few cases even entire works were published under a single issue number. Of late years the single issues are made as much as possible to constitute complete volumes. Several different works are always simultaneously in progress. Each issue bears a consecutive issue number. 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Quarto. : Pie ५ a ५ 7 Cae ५ । 2 “i Perea त , चक ५ त Warn १ ah ty x he om ठ A + प 4, ; ० ^ oon) wey 8 ॥ 1 AS, "स+ "न ११. ¢ ` [क ऋ a's a Manasa on Serpent Seat scroll Painting collected by Mr. Panchanan Chakravarti त VIPRADASA’S MANASA-VIJAYA A FIFTEENTH CENTURY BENGALI TEXT EDITED WITH A SUMMARISED TRANSLATION, NOTES AND GLOSSARY AND WITH AN INTRODUCTION ON THE LITERATURE, MYTH AND CULTS RELATING TO MANASA ( With xz Plates ) By SUKUMAR SEN, M.A., PH.D., F.A.S. THE ASIATIC SOCIETY 1, Park Street CALCUTTA Printed by P. C. Chatterjee at THs Mopern Art Press, 6B, Bentinck Street, Calcutta—1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The publication of Vipradasa’s Manasamangala (then known in three fragmentary manuscript copies) was contemplated as early as 1938, and Sudhir Kumar Mukherji one of our students that had just taken his M.A. degree in Comparative Philology offered me help and copied one of the manuscripts. The early death of that very promising career put a stop to the project. Now when at last the entire work is published my first thoughts go to the memory of that brilliant young friend of mine. For the publication of Vipradasa’s poem in Bibliotheca Indica 1 am particularly grateful to my guru Professor Suniti Kumar Chatterji, now President of the Asiatic Society. The only complete manuscript copy of the poem was acquired by Visvabharati when the work was going to the press. I thank the authorities of Visvabharati for the rare courtesy of placing the manuscript promptly at my disposal. SUKUMAR SEN CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1. The Manuscript Material Authorship and Date The Poem Antiquity of the Saga Versions of the Saga ८1 + & $ A. The West Bengal Version Visnu Pala Ketakadasa (Ksemananda 1) Ksemananda IT Ksemananda III Sitaram Das Rasik Misra 6. 2. Banesvar Ray B. The East Bengal Version Narayan Devy Vamsidas Vijay Gupta C. The North Bengal (and Kamrup) Version ‘*Tantra’’ Vibhiti Jagatjivan Ghosal Manakar and Durgavar Jivankrsna Maitra D. The Bihari Version E. The Modern Versions The Myth The Cult (i) The Cult (7) The Cult (iii) The Cult (iv) The Cult (v) The Cult (vi) The Cult (vii) The Cult (viii) The Cult (ix) The Cult (x) The Cult of Soma of Sura of Visa of Running Water (Stream) of Whirling Water (Pool) of the Vessel (Cup and Pot) of the Horse of the Boar of the Bird of the Ichneumon (xi) The Cult of the Shell (xii) The Cult (xiii) The Cult (xiv) The Cult (xv) The Cult of the Monkey ... of the Serpent ... of the Elephant of the Lotus Paces .. i—xliti i iv Vv vi {अशा iX—xXVvI1 ix—xill Xiii—Xiv xXiV—XV se XV xv—xvi Xvi XvI XVi—XX XVili XVii—xXix Xix—XX XX—xXXVI1 me XX xX—Xxi XXi—-XXV XXV—XXVI XXXi—XX1X xxix XXiX-——xXXvVi, xlill XXvi—xlii अर] XXVI—-XXV XXXVIi XXXViiI—XXXVIll XXXVili XXXVili—XXX1X XXX1X XXX1X XXxix—x] xl xl we xl xl—xli, xiii xli, xii xii (xvi) The Cult of the Water-weed (xvii) The Cult of the Palmyra (xviii) The Cult of the Sija (xix) The Cult of the Pillar ADDENDA Tue Text Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten Eleven an Twelve (Jagarana) Thirteen (Astamangala) VARIANT READINGS THE PoEM SUMMARIZED Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Pala Notes GLOSSARY INDEX One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten Eleven sia Twelve (Jagarana) Thirteen (Astamangala) PAGES xli—xlii xlii xlii, अर 3111 xliii—-xliv I—235 r—18 IQ—32 33—45 46—74 75—93 94—II3 II4—124 I25—-140 I41—149 150—165 166—175 176—221 222—235 236—251 253—292 253—257 257—258 258—260 260—263 263—265 265—268 268—269 269—273 273—275 270—279 279—281 281—288 288—291 293—310 311 —350 351—353 PLATES Manasa on Serpent Seat Pages from MSS. A and B Pages from MS. D A Votive Sculpture of Manasa Manasa as Custodian of the Poison-pot Manasa on Sijuya Hill ... Sankha and Dhanvantari . Jhampan Ceremony (1951) Hematala-danda Votive Images from West Assam Frontispiece 186 224 J ‘SIX Wo ase Vv pee LOR REL <. es ०१ {~ | ५-१-४६ ~ . : “ 3 ith. $. , OS os on ce कलक > „5 8 ५ Map ५.९ | १ च न be. ॐ १. , ३ Ree eee >. i rer anes a. % : 3 < ‘i ५ > शे ~ is WA श # Ps. ^ : न: द £ tg 3. ९८ Page ete कु दय यन्‌ सनन दल उ ०4 eet द ‰ त म “7 ति ee १-१1-4 ep + agg BEE Be इ: ai 2. i ys + क ५.५ ५ oS . ~~ ‘ ५> +, * ६. oth । : Silghe ils Wiusbitads big)" BE Stiri 2 SE YiUsie 11 Bursa 01 m* 2 ५, INTRODUCTION 1. Manuscript MATERIAL The text of Vipradasa’s Manasd-vijaya is based on four manuscript copies as described below. MS A. It is MS No. G3529 belonging to the Asiatic Society (Government Collection) and containing folia 2-6, 9-23, 25-31 only. These folia show four handwritings. Fol. 2-6, 9-11 and 17 were copied by KeSavaram (or Ramakesav) Simha of Anarpur near Datta- pukhariya (2a, 4b, 17b); fol. 12 by Ramajay Basu of Canak (120); fol. 13-16 by Laksmikanta Basu ; and fol. 19 by Pratapanarayan Basu of Jaguliya (29b). The MS. was copicd for one Gokulacandra Simha. The date of the MS. does not seem to be later than the middle of the eighteenth century. MS B. It is MS No. G 3530 belonging to the Asiatic Society (Government Collection) and containing folia 2-45, 102-126 and I3I- 138. These folia belonged originally to two different MSS. which I have indicated as Ba and Bb. Ba contains the folia 2-45, copied by Krsnacandra Mitra. Bb comprises the folia 102-126 (two folia bear- ing the number 122) and 131-138, copied by five hands. Fol. 102, 115, 118, 123, 124, 126, 134 and 137 were copied by Gopinath Simha of Dattapukhuriy4 (102a, 118a, 123b, 7342); fol. 103-106 by Rama- prasad Simha of the same village (103b, 10670); fol. 108 by Ram- Devagarman ; fol. 132 by Iocan Napit; and fol. 138 by Srigopal Simha(?). Bb carries the story to the end of Pala IX and seems to have ended there (‘‘sarn midam’’). The copyist of Ba mentions that the 28th day of Asadha was “asadhi ptirnima’’ (37b). From this datum Mr. Nirmal Chandra Lahiri (at the instance of Mr. Taponath Chakravarti) has calculated some dates of which I accept 1740 or 1759 as the probable date of copying. Gopinath Simha, a copyist of Bb, has supplied this information which may help to fix up his date: ‘‘pargane Ana(ra)pur 1ja(ra)dar Sriyu(ta) Durgaégati Bas (Basu ? Ray ?) deoyan $n Kaliprasad Simha’’ (7175). A very interesting common feature of MSS A and B is a rather unique phenomenon in MS copying. It is a well known fact that the copyists of Bengali MSS write the name of the protecting deities of their own or of their patron, if there is some space vacant at the end of the last line in a page. The writers of MSS A and B_ have done the same quite frequently, but some of them have done more. They have sometimes made filthy insinuations against their patrons or themselves. Thus: A—‘‘Sri Gokul Simha sdsuriya’’ (6b), ‘‘Srijut A ii MANASA-VIJAYA Gokulacandra Simha .sdsure haiyachen saksi Sri Kesavaram Simha’”’ (13a). Bb—‘‘Sri Gupinath Simha sasuriya’’ (115b); ^" Gupinath Simha mamiya haiyache’’ (118a); ‘‘Sri Gopinath Simha s&suriya jhiya mamiya’’ (12670) ; ‘‘Sri Krsnamangal Simha s&suriya’’ (103a) ; ‘‘ami sasuri nibakaya’’ (? 7048). These statements shoulc. not be taken seriously. They are of the nature of magic incantations giving protection from the wrath of Manasa or from general evil. Obscenity was once an important feature of magic cults that had gathered round Manas& worship, and in vedic lore Arayi is called duynamni. The statements however indicate a remarkable survival. MS C. It is MS No. 403 belonging to Burdwan Sahitya Sabha, and is a transcript made at my request by the late Sudhir Kumar Mukherji from an incomplete MS in the possession of the late Akhil Chandra Basu of Chota Jaguliya. MS D. It 15 MS No. 1803 belonging to Visva-Bharati. It is the only complete MS and is undoubtedly the prototype of C. The MS belonged to the collection of the late Sasi Bhusan Basu of Chota Jagu- livia and has come into the possession of Visva-Pharati only recently. MS D not only carries the poem to the end but fills up important lacunae presented by the others MSS and offers some important variants. It contains fol. 1-135 and 1-4. Fol. 1-135 was written by Jayadev Nandi a resident of the ‘central locality’ (‘‘majer para’’) of (Chota) Jaguliya. He commenced copving on the toth Caitra 1235 (= April 1825) and started as a preamble, with the following hymn to the sun-god by onc Vaficharim Ghosa. Ary ांखत-नदतं जओौव। श्रव ats BINH यैन यक्त मा तरथि | यैन न कृण्म oa fats '्यश्र-खांङ) BETS vey विथुश्ट्रख-। | फूरक्र्ब-तोटम्रक (व्‌ शोन्-विर्यिनि eae fag शश्र aera कितने | यावर a Sq (मवं SA खिन Srey कन wa गौकि[टन] नग्ना न | fofica खादृ Pafs छन खवमत्र carry Bucy (कव GaAs अमत्र | feats ae कर्म (्वटनां का छिव QS एष AE SF खट्जीएत्र | 1 This is the manuscript copy of Vipradasa’s poem mentioned by Janab Abdul Karim in his Pracin Ranyalé Puthi Vivaran part 1, no. 2. G ‘SIX Wor} saseg ony ए 212९०3४१ ४९0४ । Peary ate: र 41 ladle bre)! abe <स. ering a (0 1 पथ 1 ist | Ripon Aes (स्‌ ^ ee ता २८ २५५५० ॥\ PEARL LD we Sen (०५ 0 ० ps| DUR भ Se ५०१४ 41102 ६५ । 10० च ए also पथा ^ pew ikl eb स, 10 (५७४९ Lory | REBUN MW ERS BS incor ग्नो . 1 oi [ति edi WA ९४९४८ I [1 SBE ४ तु ai Ebr PONS ७५ वा 4 1४ ^ eae णन 11, 14. nwo Se | Ade Edis ee OM (६७५८८ । व ह oe £ ८० a भ 25) . ([ 2५2८९४१५ ५८८ थ ADE, feet” PUPS [set tak Sigh ५७ [3 © ०४०५. ष ग eb a By aR EEO RYE 0 oA eh Ole Ble (BL eb ea Be RN BNL (श) । ~ 2 वः iz is (4 4 Weel Bad (5 ५८ = ae > me PURE | | tele ए 19s BS 1 50, ४७ १५२८९४५ ५५४४५) ner क peas PA gue nbn hn robes EO Ghee bie wR 2 ae: bi DY) ~~ ८.४९ [नि refer | 1००८० (ess + (2, A ८८०५५५५ ५ ह INTRODUCTION ili Shaq जकटनव्र APF] COMAITA SICA cF ary fraps Bm WA (खदम्‌ Cw । CH Be Cotata न॑ sian wey व्‌ YS SECS छाव atfes Heyy | wpe मातयिं yet 4क-एक्केथन्‌ Fes A AT व्र STA “ST | afaas सिट pep नारि waar सखभित्रि cace छि atsretat ater | fasraal (श्रैटन Ufa Gry fatsizg < शेग खनित्र (गक्रषक Pers | ऊवटन।टक्‌ KF WC लटन एक-कणि aca यटडपत शशेन मिनि सत्र वाणि | ब्रङ्-गडपन aay कञ्चि qafsfs षट्च मटर मटमं त्रम वट& पिनि | Roasts पिनां थ Be (खरे. नटन नग्न खांत्र गनि ora कि कतविट्र 117s | Tera (वास्‌ कट्‌ कत्रि Te छव्‌ कनं वदना कत्र कत्र कमना क्व्‌ ॥ निशिद्ड यात्रा दषेन मन ३२७० छात्रिथं >° पए मदक Aye GAA नन्ी- मः STON | Fol. 1-4 at the end is a copy made in 1896 from the damaged folium 136 of Jayadev Nandi’s MS. The copyist Nabin Candra Cakravarti minutely initiated the manner of Vipradasa in giving in the colophon some particulars about himself and his family. नोराशव्र-विष-रड Dasa ary feast वमछि (ष्टोफे-णौश्टन थोग | वांखंख cite sient ae (वृतु मांमटवम FYq “tel एवि Aaya | Brats wate कनौ कनि sale मनमा-कभंग्र Sra र्ट्‌ निथुन | ओनरीनरल एकवर्खी माकि cers कोर्नीगरां (कन २९ tt मव्‌-छिङिणिन arate कांङ्ट्कि गामि जनो व्रानिट्हट जाट Ferre ates Ferd iv MANASA-VIJAYA नङ्क (मांयवाबािकव्र५क Gafeet पिवटम acai गर छिन ater निरि ॥ Sd काोडिक्‌ ५७०७ जांटन MASA THM Sy ॥ Nabin also copied from Jayadeva Nandi’s copy up to the end of Pala iii (fol. 1-40). All the MSS of Vipradasa’s poem were written for persons belong- ing to the Simha and Basu families residing in the contiguous villages Dattapukhur and (Chota) Jaguliya, a few miles to the east of Barasat, a subdivisional headquarter of the district of 24-Parganas. Once (xiii 4) Manasd-carita also appears. vi MANASA-VIJAYA (i 1; wi 6; viii 18; xii 3, 16, 21) ; Kedara (vi 17 ; x 19) ; Gandhara (xii 34); Gauri (v 11); Jbarikhandi (iv 6; v 8); Dhanasi (vi II; xn 4, 38 ; xiii 12) ; Nata or Nata (1 14; 11 13; iv 3, 8; v 135 1X 33; 47; xiil 2" ; Patamafijari (i 12, 19; li 6, 9, 14; ili 3, vv; iv 15; viii 6, I4; ix 8; x 10; xi 4); Pahira or Pahari (ii 13 ; iv 19; vii 12; ग 4; x 8; ज्वा 48); Purabi (iv 13); Prabhati (iv 24) ; Parari (vii 2; iX 7; X1I, 9; xliig); Vasanta (i 9; xi 2); Bagesvari (iv 5, 18) ; Behag (vi 10) ; Bhatiyari (vn 3, 6; xi 8) ; Bhairavi (v 2, 12; x 15; 11 7, Ig) ; Mangala (xii 22) ; Mallara (v 23 ; viii 20) ; Maharati (i 27 ; li 4, 5; 15; xX 2; xi 11); Malasi (viii 2 ; xii 49) ; Sri (i 8; iv 2, 9, Il; vi2, 7,18; vil7; x 14, 17; xii 7, 27; xiii 3); Sindhura or sindhu ( ro; i112; 19: x 4; आखा 5); Suhai or Sui (i 16; ii 2, II ; vill 9; ix 5; xi 6). The following terms indicate manner of chanting: Karuna, Jamaka-chanda, Paydra, Paimecali (or Tripadi).2 The mystic verses (111 9 ; vil 11) are called ‘Mantrajata.’ 4. ANTIQUITY OF THE SAGA The story of Manasi and the connected episodes have been treated by scveral writers from the end of the fifteenth century and up to the end of the ninetcenth. The variations in the theme are minor but not always without significance. The different episodes in the saga have been sometimes treated differently and some episodes have often been ignored altogether or modified beyond recognition. With the progress of time the last episode of the saga, the story of Behula, gathered importance so that by the eighteenth century it practically occupied the entire stage. The popularity of the story made it open to all sorts of accretions and emendations at the hand of writers and scribes and in the mouth of singers. But the theme had never lost its connection with the worship of the goddess of snakes, and this acted as a check to any fundamental change. Some of the basic elements of the Manasa saga are to be traced in vedic literature and tradition, and others to the puranic.* As a@ good parallel of the Savitri-Satyavan episode, where also the husband was a victim to snake-bite and the young wife won back her husband irom Yama (as against Behula who brought her husband back from the domain of Manasd-Neto i.e., vedic Yami), the story of Behula and Lakhindara possibly existed in some form in the early centuries of the Christian era. Vipradasa’s poem presents the saga in an well-deve- loped form indicating previous literary cultivation for a pretty long 1 1६ probably means any melody that could be sung in the morning. 2 Payara and Tripadi iater came to mean the two main varities of the Bengali metre. * See Notes pp. 295ff, 307, 309. INTRODUCTION vii time. The names Cando and Behul4 bear the stamp of antiquity. The positive evidence that the saga did not originate at the close of the fifteenth century' is not lacking. From some of the esoteric verses current among the Nath (or Gorakhiya) Yogis of Western India (manuscript evidence not later than the sixteenth century—) it appears that the story of Manasa and of Neto washing clothes at Triveni was familiar to them and they used it as allegorical representation of some yogic processes. That the story came from Eastern India is apparent from the language of these verses. canda-gota khuta karilai siirij karilai pati ahanisi dhobi dhobai triveni ka ghati * ‘The moon is made the post and the sun the board ; dav and night the washerwoman does her washing on the bank at Triveni.’ canda karile khuta surij karile pat nita utha dhobi dhobai triveni ke ghit.® ‘The moon is made the post and the sun the board ; always’ the the washerwoman comes up and does her washing on the bank of Triveni.’ Manasa’s water sport in Kalidaha and her residence on Sijuya are implied in the following : mana-sarovar manasa jhulati avai gagana-mandal matha-mamdhai re. ‘Manasa comes to sport in the Jake Mana(sa) ; (her) temple and pavi- lion are in the dome of the sky.’ What is more interesting is that to the Gorakhiya yogis the Manasa saga is older than the Ramiavena, not to say of the Mahablarata,. and in this reference to the Manasaé saga they mean Cando’s uncqual conflict with the goddess of the snakes. sata jug madhe jug ek racila visahar ek nipaya gyan-bihinam gan gandhrap abadhi sab-hi dasi dasi khaya. treta jug madhe jug doi racila rama ramdin kinham nar bandar sab lari lari miiye tin bhi gyan na cinham. 1 The episode of Mapas&’s encounter with Hasan and Hosen no doubt indicates a date later than the carly thirteenth century but for this episode only. But then it is possibly a post-Turki conquest version of Manasi's conflict with Yama. 7 | | > Gorakh-vani (ed. Dr. Pitambarddas Barthwal, 1942) p. 151. = Ibid. p. 155. 4 There is a gun in ‘nita’; it also implies Neto. 9 Gorakh-véni p. 105. viii MANASA-VIJAYA dvapar jug madhe jug tini racile bahu dambar bahu bhara? kairau pandau lari lari miye narad kiya samghar. kali jug madhe jug cari racila cukila cara vicdra ghari ghari dandi ghari ghari vadi ghari ghari kathan-haram? ‘In Satya-yuga the first epoch (or epic) was made and a serpent was fashioned ; (she) bit and bit and killed the host of the Gandharva that was robbed of the Knowledge. ‘In Treta-yuga the second epoch (or cpic) was made, and Rama did the Ramayana ; men and monkeys fought and fought and died, and the three had no inkling of the Knowledge. ‘In Duadpara-yuga the third epoch (or epic) was made,—of much ado and of great weight (i.e. the Mahabharata); the Kauravas and Pandavas fought and fought and died, and Narada made the end (i.e. compilation). ‘In Kali-yuga the fourth epoch has becn made, and there is an cnd to good conduct and discretion ; in every home there 15 quarrel, in every home wrangling and in every home talkers.’ Stories concerning magas and their cult were not unknown in Middle Indo-Aryan, specially in Buddhistic literature. But these stories do not have any direct connection with the Middle Bengali Manasa saga. Nevertheless there are some common clements, and these ele- ments are found in the Bhuridatta-jataka in Pali.*? This story is divid- ed into eight khandas, which reminds us of a similar division of the Manasa saga.4 The whirlpool in the Yamuna under which was the dominion of the ndadgas corresponds to Kaélidaha of the Bengali story. The young ndga widow (matapatika naga-mdnavika) seeking a hus- band in the world of man is strongly reminiscent of Manasa& as a brah- man widow. The attack of the naga king Dhatarattha and his serpent host upon the city of Kasi bears strong resemblance to Manasa’s attack upon the dominion of Hasan. The loss of one eye of the young serpent Arittha (which gave him the name Kanarittha, ‘Arittha the one-eyed’), is paralleled by the incident of Manasa’s loss of one eye. Lastly the contest between the serpent prince Sudassana and the poison doctor Alamba(ya)na (or Alampayana) reminds us of the contest bet- ween the serpent Sankha and the doctor Dhanvantari although the results of the two contests are not the same. 1 It should be read ‘bahu dambar mahabhiar.’ 2 Gorakh-vani p. 123. 3 Jataka vi 543. * Another ndga story, Vidhuva-jataka (545), is also divided into khandas. INTRODUCTION ix 5. VERSIONS OF THE SAGA The Manas4 saga in vernacular poetry shows two main versions, Southern and Northern. The Southern has two subordinate versions, West Bengal and East Bengal, and the Northern also two, North Bengal (including Kamrup) and Bihar. The Southern version is fully represent- ed by Vipradasa’s poem, and all the episodes are included here. In the Northern version Manasa is also known as Totala (Totala), and Ganga as a wife of Siva appears here in an important role in the intro- ductory episode. It is also mentioned that she bore Siva two sons Dangura and Mahananda. Here Candi (Durga) appears as the foster- daughter of the sage (vs1) Hemanta, and it is mentioned, not casually, that Siva had enjoyed her before she was marricd to him. The incident of Lakhindara ravishing his maternal aunt Kausalya is also peculiar to the Northern version. The story of Hasan and Hosen appears to have been rather neglected here. The main difference betwcen the West Bengal and East Bengal versions lies in the omission of the detailed account of creation and elaborate insertion of the Puranic stories of Siva, Sati and Parvati in the latter. The incident of the farmer Bachai is also peculiar to the East Bengal version. The title ‘Padmapurana’ never occurs in the West Bengal pocms. The Behar version differs from the Northern in having five sisters Manasa and in retaining only the Cando-Behula-Lakhindara story. A. THe West BENGAL VERSION The West Bengal version is represented by a host of Manasé- mangala writers, of whom the following are worth mention: Visnu Pala, Ketakadasa and two other poets 2150 calling themselves Ksema- nanda, Sitaram Dasa, Rasik Misra and Banegvar Ray. I. VISNU PALA Visnu Pala’s Manasamangala is known in a complete and in a few fragmentary manuscripts. The complete MS.' however has some lacunae owing to its defective prototype. Nothing is known about the poet except his name. The manuscripts have all been collected from West Burdwan and Birbhum, and there is a very strong imprint of the local speech in the language. For an historical study of the dialect of north Radha the work of Visnu Pala is invaluable. On the evidence of the handwriting and paper the MS cannot be dated anterior to the middle of the eighteenth century, and we cannot safely allow more than a century for the poet. Until new evidence comes up Visnu Pala may be dated in the later half of the seventcenth century. 1 The Asiatic Society MS. no. G 4993. B x MANASA-VIJAYA Visnu Pala has recognised _the traditional division of the saga into *“Deva-khanda’ and ‘Vanik-khanda’' but there is also the usual divi- sion into sections (‘pala’). Visnu Pala’s poem is interesting from various other points. It presents the saga in a purely ‘‘folk’’ version, and luckily there is little evidence of the usual discipline of the con- temporary poet’s craft, and there are many items that throw light on some dark spots in the history of the cult. The following variations in the story are interesting: Manasa turned herself into a white spider and was brought home by Siva in his flower basket. She was discarded in the forest by Brahma, and Neto was born out of the sweat wrung out by Brahma from his napkin. Brahma gave her a _ good education and sent her to Manasa. Manasa and Neto were established on Sijuya Hill. Then follows this new episode. Angry with Siva for bringing home Manasa Durga (i.e. Candi) had already left for her father’s place. After sending Neto to Manasa Brahma hurried home to intercept the goddess. Failing to persuade her he came back and reported to Siva. Siva turned himself into a Mussalman soldier and took his station in a shanty that stood ahead on Durga’s way. Visnu Pala describes him thus: nil dhari pare kiba dostar mathay khara churi nila yauvan avatar cina sandes nila bokca bandina. parvatir age pathe rahila darana. ‘He wore a blue loin cloth, and what a turban on the head! He held a sword and a knife,—a Yavana incarnate. He took flattened rice and swects and made a bundle of them, and stood waiting ahead on the way of Parvati.’ To separate the goddess from her two sons Siva brought down a rain storm. The boys ran one way and Parvati another. She saw the shanty, took shelter in it and met the sentry. He ravished her and the result was the birth of the brothers Hasan and Husen. Then comes another innovation. Varuna was practising penance at the sea-coast for a very long time. To entice him home his wife Maitra came there and tried all her charms on her husband. The result was that Varuna spilled his seed and Agastya was born. It was Agastya that commissioned a parrot to bring tamarind which fell down into the sea and turned its milk-water into curd. According to Visnu Pala Manasa’s mount or chariot is Madhai. This is reminiscent of the ‘‘honey-hucd’’ (madhuvarna) or ‘‘honey-bearing”’ ५ ‘deva-khanda gela ebe benyad-khanda dila’ (20 4a). INTRODUCTION xi (madhuvahana) car of the AsSvins in RV. The poct however later mentions Madhai as the driver of Manasa’s car.? The story of Hasan and Husen is told claborately, and _ its preamble is interesting as it reveals a vedic trait in the make up of Manasa. It was the custom of the goddess to come out in her chariot and survey her domain. One day she found that Hasan was her neighbour and he was waxing strong. Some of her brahman worshippers complained to her regarding Hasan’s opposition to Hindu practices. This was how Manasa turned her wrath to Hasan. This is Visnu Pala’s description of Hasan’s town Hasanhati: phire madhai dori dori hindu musalman cinibare nari bhai sabar hate churi katari. darun kukurar rol visama bajiche dhol ghane ghana chariche haai kalu turka mochalman magyer pate bhat khan sokharite na dey gomay. (madhai) gela re kasa@er hat mas bice mathay pag kapilar mainsa tule dhari sekhane darana bhai debir madhai re pran kampae tharahari. (midhai) gela re sauer hat natini puriche nat eusti bhajhina khay cur sekhane darana bhai तलाः madhai re pran kampac duradur. Sani-mangal-bare bat pariche hasaner hat tay bikay rasun peyaj nora nori kata bajare bikay bhai ar bikay Satesvari har.? ‘Madhai walked from door to door, and he could not distinguish between a Hindu and a Mussalman ; cvery man was carrying knives and choppers. Cocks were crowing, drums were being beaten relentlessly, and rockets were being fired repeatedly. The black Turks (?), Mussalmans, ate from the same plate with their wives, and they did not cleanse (the spot where the plates were laid) with cowdung. Madhai then came to butchers’ stalls where the butchers, with turbans on head, were weighing beef, and there Madhai of the goddess stood and his heart was shak- ing. Madhai then went over to wine merchants’ stalls where dancing girls were dancing, and frying meat they eat it with wine (?) ; standing there Madhai of the goddess was quaking in 1 There is a description of the car and the horse (20b-21a). 2 Fol. 22b. A somewhat similar description of a bazar in a Mussalman town occurs in Vidydpati’s Kirtilata. xii MANASA-VIJAYA his heart. On Saturdays and Tuesdays Hasan’s market assembled along the highway, and garlic and onion were sold there. In the bazar so many big and small stone rollers were sold, and were sold necklaces with a hundred strings.’ The story of the cowherds is introduced to give the goddess an excuse to attack Hisan. After Hasan’s submission Manasa came to Cando’s town, and took her station on the branch of a white silk cotton tree (‘basila Sveta simuler dale’). She was pleased with the pros- perous look of the place and would like to have her snakes kill the people so that the place could be bodily transferred to her domain. Neto stopped her from realising her wish and pointed out Cando. Cando too saw Manasa and at once struck his magic weapon. A branch of the tree fell down and Manasa thanked her stars for the narrow escape. She then darted her magic arrow of fire, but it only removed Cando’s moustache and beard. Cando laughed heartily at the failure of the goddess and he ridiculed the latter for doing a barbar’s job (27b-29b). Manasa then turned her attention to Sankha Dhanvantari. When Dhanvantari was dead Manas&i came to Brahma and reported her victory. But the god scolded her for killing her own husband. Manasa protested that the fact was not known to her, The gods ina body repaired to the place where the great poison doctor was cremated, and throwing sacred water on the ashes they resurrected Dhan- vantari. As the latter sat up Madhai approached him as a barber and held a mirror before him. The doctor saw that his face was dis- figured by fire, and he would not like to face the world of men. He preferred to become a ‘raj-sap’ (‘‘king-snake’’, or ‘‘chain snake’’) and dwell in the lower region. patal-pure jay roja raj-sarpa hana galae tule nila mata har karina. gan kavi visnu-pal visaharir bar muniraj rahila maer galar upar. (36b) ‘The poison doctor went down ito the city in Patdla, turning himself into a ra@jasarpa, and the mother (i.e. Manasa) took him up and wore him as her necklace. By the grace of Visahari the poet Visnu Pala sings: the king of sages remained on the neck of the mother.’ In the story of the fishermen brothers there is a slight addition ; they werc arrested for neglecting Cando’s order and put in prison. They were presently set free by the goddess. When Manas&, disguised as Cando’s sister-in-law, tricked him out of his Great Knowledge and magic possessions she also took away the golden image of his tutelary deity GandheSari (45b). INTRODUCTION xiii Visnu Pala’s description of the disposal of the dead bodies of Cando’s sons is very intercsting.? On the occasion of the sinking of the boats Visnu Pala has narrated an altercation betwecn Candi and Manasa and a fight between the hosts of the two goddesses (60a-6ra). On her journey to Triveni with the dead body of her husband Behula had passed by Kalidaha. There she dived under seven palm trees’ depth of water and reached the ‘“‘pavilion of decay and death”’ (‘jarani mandap’). She passed through the door and saw the bodies of the six brothers of her husband hanging from the roof. She felt afraid and shy and quickly returned to the raft (g8ab). As in Vipradasa’s poem Triveni was beyond Caumukha, where the sacred river forked into four channels. On the occasion of Neto taking Behula to the domain of Yama to find the body of Lakhindara which was temporarily missing Visnu Pala has given a long account of Yama-puri (10rb-106a). Before Manasa attempted te resurrect Lakhindara she recounted to Behula the indignities she had suffered for twelve months at the hand of Lakhindara’s father. This poem bears the signature of Khema- nanda Das (‘‘devir baramasya gay Khemanandadasa’’).? When Cando ultimately had worshipped Manasa the goddess told him to worship Neto. The latter on her part asked him to worship Madhai, and at the later’s requcst he worshipped the serpent Kalli. The poem closes with a brief reference to Manasa& worship as a ritual in marriage ceremony. KETAKADASA (KSEMANANDA [) Ketakadasa called himself Ksemananda also, and this title or sobriquet or name was borne by a few other poets writing on the saga of Manasa. Ketakadasa belonged to the district of Burdwan, and this is revealed by his laying the route of Bchula’s journey to Triveni along the Banka, an old course of the Damodar that once joined the Ganga a few miles up Triveni. The poet probably belonged to the middle of the seventeenth century.* Kcetakadiisa’s complcte poem has _ not been recovered. As a matter of fact no manuscript copy of his poem contains more than one or two sections of the saga.* The story of 1 See Notes p. 306. ५ Actual reading is ‘gunakhemadiase’ (1c9b-110l). 3 Vide Bangala Sahityer Itihds by Sukumar Sen vol. i (second edition), ए. 476 ff. । ˆ An attempt has been made by Mr. Jatindramohan Bhattacharya (Ketakdddsa-ksemananda-racita Manasdmangala, Calcutta University 1943, 1949) to, present a complete version. But the edition is in no sense complete. xiv MANASA-VIJAYA Cando, Lakhindara and Behula is the biggest and the most important part. This story as an independent poem has been enjoying great popularity from the beginning, and this popularity is reflected in its being printed in several editions beginning from 1844. What is more it was translated almost faithfully into Sanskrit verse by Bhagavan- candra Visarada a Sanskrit teacher in Hooghly Normal School. This translation was published in 1877 under the title Behula-lakhindaram. The following are the important points of divurgence in the tales of Manasa as told by Ketakadasa. The milk-water of the celestial sea was curdled at the instance of Siva, and Cando came out of the sea at the tenth churning while poi- son came out at the twelfth. Manasa’s eye was disabled by charcoal burn, no doubt brought about by her step-mother. Manasa made friends with Kamala when the poison dector was away at Kamarupa, and the poet has given a short description of the ceremony of making friends (‘sahela’). When Dhanvantari told his wife his vital secrets the goddess heard it, hiding herself as a white fly. The secrets were these: prajapati mantra dila ksiroder tire sat brahma-til mor Sirer upare. udayakal sarpa ache maheser jate sc yadi khaite pare nasikar bate sat brahma-til yadi eke vare lay tabe se mariba ami € bol nisay. ‘Brahma gave me the mantra on the beach of Ksiroda, and seven tiny marks of Brahma appeared on my head. There is the snake Udayakala hidden in Siva’s matted locks ; if it can get inside me by the nose and strike and if the seven tiny marks of Brahma disappear simultancously then indeed I shall die. This is a sure thing.’? The story of Usa and Aniruddha is given in. detail. KsEMANANDA II Ketakadasa (Ksemananda J) was, probably a kayastha. The second Ksemananda was a brahman (कर्द) and he has often mentioned that he came of the family of Shahzada Ray (‘sajada-rayer vam§$a’). He has also mentioned that he was a resident of the village Cintitapur. The poet belonged to west Radha. The poem of this second Ksema- nanda is known only in a fragmentary manuscript.? 1The ‘‘tiny mark of Rama’’ ( ‘ramatil’ ‘) is mentioned also in Vijaya Gupta’s version. > Calcutta University MS. no. 4594. INTRODUCTION xv A MS' of the story Jaiu and Malu (‘‘jalia jalan pala’’) reveals a Manasamangala poet calling himself Kavicandra and belonging to the family of Shahzada Ray. This poet has mentioned his son Raghuvir and his place of residence Syamadasa-pur. It is just possible that Kavicandra is the same person as Ksemananda II, or that both have dealt with common stock emanating from a common ancestor. KSEMANANDA Ill The work of Ksemananda III, was discovered by Basanta Ranjan Ray? in a manuscript copied in the Kaithi variety of Devanagri script in 1817 at a village near Purulia in the district of Manbhum. Only the story of Cando-Lakhindara-Behula is treated. The story presents some marked affinity with the Bihar version. Cando lost his six sons and boats on his return journey from Simhala. After meeting Neto (who is regularly called Dubini and only once Nitai) Behula left the body of her husband on a platform of flowers (or in a flower garden) and walked up to the domain of the gods. The poem is a very small one but not without narrative skill. SITARAM DAs Sitaram Das belonged to south Radha, and he wrote a Dharma- mangala poem in 1698.3 Ten years later (1708) he composed a Manasamangala poem which he has called Kamalad-mangala or Kamala- kirtana. The poem is known in manuscript copies of individual episodes or sections of the saga. These manuscripts mostly belong to the last decade of the eighteenth century.* The poet had before him another poem which he had read before attempting his own. So he says addressing the goddess Manasa who was worshipped as Gajalaksmi by the family: dekhaite sarani jabe diya gele puthi Apanar gune git Suna go jagati. ‘As you had left me a written book to show the way, now by your own goodness, O Jagati, listen to this song.’ There is little doubt that Sitaram had before him the poem of Ketakadasa. 1 AS MS. G4997. Vide Badngdla Sahityer Jtihds 1 p. 490. 2 Published under the title Ksemdnader Manasdmangal (1909) ५ Vide Bangdla Sahityer Itihas i p 539f€; also p 4gof. 4 The date is given in Malla year 1014 (‘‘Sasi vindu candra veda’’). 5 Sahitya-Sabha (Burdwan) MSS no. ०५, 611-617; Sdhitya-Parisad MS no. 24:4 Vide Bardhaman Salutya-Sabhaé Prakdsikd no. 2 p 198f ; ‘Sitarimdaser Manasamangala’ by Taraprasanna Bhattacharya in Narayan vol. 5, part I, no. 1, p 64ff. xvi MANASA-VIJAYA The story of Hasan is: dealt with elaborately by Sitaram, and so also the Puranic story of Usé and Aniruddha. Cando was so called as he had caught the moon. This is indeed an explanation of the fuller name Candradhara. The most important feature of Sitaram’s poem 15 Manasa’s worship of Dharmna on the bank of the Balluka. Rastk Misra Rasik Misra originally belonged to west Radha but he shifted his residence to south Radha. His poem is known in some fragmentary MSS.' Rasik had the titles ‘‘Sri-kavivallabha’’ and ‘‘Sri-kavikan- kana.’’ He calls his pocm Jagati-mangala also. Rasik’s work bears some affinity with that of Visnu Pal. The mystic verses uttered by the goddess when she cured Siva and others from the effects of poison are the same. BANESVAR RAY BaneSvar’s poem is known in 2 single fragmentary MS.* He pro- bably belonged to the family ot Shahzida Ray. The poem was writ- ten in 1719. B. Tue East BENGAL VERSION In East Bengal the saga of Manasa has been generally called Padmapurdn. The worship of the goddess of snakes has been as popular as almost an item of domestic routine, and so verses or ballads re- counting the greatness of the goddess obtained a familiarity unknown in the western part of the country. This is why the names of writers (and singers) of Manasamangala in East Bengal are legion and why no work, neither a single manuscript nor a single published volume, bears less than half a dozen signatures. No such manuscript is older than the middle of the eighteenth century, and in the case of some poets no manuscript material is available. The source of many printed editions of Padmapuradn was the professional singers who had never been un- mindful of putting in their signatures whenever they could. It is extremely difficult to separate the names of the poets from those of the singers, and the editors of the printed works have not been helpful. On the other hand they (specially the later ones) have been often zealous in putting in bulk and adding polish to their material which was suffi- ciently late. Some editors have interpolated chronogram couplets to ensure incontestible antiquity for their poets. Four East Bengal poets of the Manasa saga (rather four readings of the saga assigned to four poets) are Narayan Dev, Vamsidas, Vijay Gupta and Sasthivar 1 AS MS. G 4970; CU MSS. 1970, 2071, 1516. Vide Bangala Sahityer Itihas vol. x p 488f; Bardnamdn Sdhitya-Sabhaé Prakdsika no. 2 p 2off. 2 AS (> 5405; Vide Rangala Sdhityer Itthds t p 7858. INTRODUCTION XVvil NARAYAN Dev Narayan Dev is undoubtedly the oldest of the M anasamangala poets in East Bengal. His date cannot be determined, but it cannot be put later than the seventeenth century. He belonged to the village Bor-gram on the Brahmaputra in the district of Mymensingh. He was a kayastha, and his great grandfather had come from West Ben- gal (Radha) and settled there. It is not unlikely that this ancestor of Narayan also had brought in the Manasa saga from his old country. In both manuscripts and printed editions’ the signature of Narayan Dev appears with those of Jagannath, Candrapati, Jayaram, Hari Datta, Janakinath, Kavicandra, Yadunath, Madhav, Balaram and Vaméidas. An Assamese version of the story of Lakhindara and Behula has been published,* and it contains the signature of Narayan Dev only. According to Narayan Dev Neto was the elder sister of Manasi. As soon as born she was sent by Siva to live with Ganga. When Siva met Manasa for the first time at Kalidaha he attempted to make love to her and was smitten down by a deadly glance from Manasa. As she was being taken home in a flower basket by her father they met some cowherds grazing cattle. Manasa begged some milk from them. They refused and died. On Siva’s request the boys were brought back to life and they worhsipped her. Then the father and the daughter met the farmer Bachai who wanted to have the goddess as his wife. He too died and was brought back to life after her mother had promised to worship Manasa. This episode is peculiar to the East Bengal writers of the saga. Triveni and other places on the Hooghly are mentioned by Narayan Dev (25 well as by Vijay Gupta) as lying on Behula’s way to the domain of the gods. This shows that the story had come from West Bengal. According to Ketakadasa and Narayan Dev Cando threw away his ‘‘Hematal’’ staff before worshipping the goddess. VAMSIDAS The full name is Vamsgivadan Cakravarti. He too belonged to Mymensingh, and he was thoroughly familiar with Narayan Dev’s poem. The poet cannot be dated beyond the early eighteenth century 1 One edition was published from Mymensingh in 1907. Calcutta University has published an edition prepared by Dr. Tamonash Chandra Das-Gupta (1942, 1949). This edition is based on an incomplete and defective manuscript the folia of which are not in proper order. Bhairav Chandra Sarma published an edition from Sylhet (1877). Here the only other signatures are those of Sasthivar and KavikeSgarti. ॐ Published by Datta Baruya Brothers, Nalbari (19,48). ८ viii MANASA-VIJAYA in spite of the chronogram appearing in one particular edition. The poem is known in a single MS' and in several editions.?, But every-. where there is more than one signature.* The poet has given the name of his parents. A late tradition says that his daughter Candravati also wrote verses.‘ One is tempted to connect her name with that of Candrapati appearing in most of the East Bengal versions of the saga. The following are the peculiaritics in the tale recounted by VamSidasa. Manasa became a snake and bit Candi at the foot and took shelter ina Sij tree. As in Vijay Gupta the story of Bachai comes before that of the cowherds. Cando was the hermit Pasusakha in his former birth, He once saw two young birds floating down helplessly in a flooded stream and rescued them. These pets of his were eaten by a snake when he was absent for a while. This made him a _ sworn enemy of snakes. He threw himself into a forest blaze and was reborn as Cando. To trick him out of his magic power Manasa on the advice of Neta (i.e. Neto) met him in a forest where Cando was hunting. He was surprised to find such a young and handsome girl doing penance alone in a forest. Manasa told him that she was doing so in order to be able to take revenge on snakes as the husband of her elder sister had died of snakebite. She also told him that she had made a vow to marry only such a man as possessed the Great Know- ledge. Cando forthwith offered himself a candidate and said, amake vivaha kara na bhabiha mane sadai Sunibe vadya bisari-mundane ... canda bale mahajnana Suna eka-mane rai aksara matra kahi tava kane. Marry me and do not think twice ; you shall be always hearing the drums declaring the defeat of the goddess of the serpents. ... Cando said, ‘Do listen with undivided mind, and I am speaking into your ear the Great Knowledge consisting of only two syllables and a half’.’ On receiving the Great Knowledge the goddess disappeared. Candi consoled him in his sleep and advised him to commission Dhanvantari living in Sankhapur. Dhanvantari was first born out of the churning of the ocean. He was reborn in the royal family of Kasi and became known as the great poison doctor (‘‘garari’’ i.e. 1 Now in the collection of Bardwan Sahitya Sabha. The MS is about a hundred years old. 2 By tar the best is that published by Manimchan Das, Dacca. (1908). * In the MS the only other signature is that of Narayan Dev. 1) the Dacca edition the signature of Piirnachandra Cakravarti, apparently a late singer or copyist, occurs several times. 4Vide Bangéla Sahityer 71404; i } 471ff. INTRODUCTION xix parudika) Sankha. Once he caught an Udayakdla snake that was a sage’s pet, and the sage thereat had cursed him that he would die from a bite of such a snake. On Sankha’s supplications the sage was pleased to modify his curse to a death for twelve years only.? The dead bodies of the six sons of Cando were set adrift in the stream. Neta took them away and placed them in charge of the demoness (v@ksasi) Dhana.? This was also the fate of Dhanvantari and of his disciples Dhan& and Mana. From Triveni Behula walked up to heaven, and leaving the body of her husband at the house of her friend Citrarekha she went to Siva’s place. VIJAYA GUPTA The version that goes by the name of Vijaya Gupta* has been published in various editions* none of which is based on any manuscript material. The chronogram which 15 generally quoted in discussions about the date of Vijaya Gupta is not genuine. But it is quite possible that the original form of the pocm (not the poem as we know it now) belonged to the sixteenth century. No edition presents less than half a dozen signatures. The following are the important departures in the saga presented by ‘“‘Vijay Gupta.’’ After striking down with a poison glance Manasa, as in Vaméidas. hid herself in a Sij grove. Beside Net& Manasa had another friend or counsellor, Sugandhé.* Manasa had been delivered of eight nagas before Astika was born. The witches under the command of Candi made the young mother dry and she could not feed the young serpents. When Siva heard of it he made the divine cow fill up the river Dhaval. The serpents drank from it and thereby contaminated the river. Siva sipped some water and was stricken down. Manasa brought him back to life. Then comes the story of Kapila (here Surabhi) and her cali Manoratha, and the consequent story of the churning of the ocean— 211 very briefly told. Siva’s affection for Manasa and her néga sons became too much for Candi to bear, and Manasa had to leave Kailasa. She built her headquarters at Jayantinagar. When she sat in state Neta took her seat on the Ieft and Dhamu (Dhamai of Vipra- dasa and Madhai of Visnu Pala) stood in front.® 1‘‘mariya thakiba tumi dviidaSa - vatsara."’ 2 Dhand is obviously a mistake for ‘Jari’. She is mentioned as Taraka by Jagatjivan Ghosal and Visnu Pala. 3 Vide Badngdla Sahityer 17८10८5 1 p उ तजी. . The earliest is that by Rimacaran Siroratna published from Barisal (1896). The best is the edition of Nagendramohan Sengupta published from Calcutta. 5 ‘daine sugandha devi vame base ncta.”’ 6 “‘sammukhe dariy dhamu vam pase neta.’ ` अभ MANASA-VIJAYA Manasa’s spite against Cando began from the day when in his presence the snakes that draped the goddess ran away making her nude. There is a very briefly mentioned incident that is peculiar to this version. Before the goddess approached the cowherds she had received worship from Latik a canddla that had gambled away everything he had possessed. The dead body of Dhanvantari was deposited with Ganga. Manasa approached Cando as a dancing girl and told him that she was a utsakanya, but if any one could somehow survive the first contact with her he would acquire immunity for ever. Cando lost his head and taught her his Great Knowledge so that she could at once bring him back to life. Manasa& Jearnt it and disappeared. Lakhindara and Behul&é were accompanied by the priest Rongai Pandit on their return journey from the kingdom of the gods. C. Tuer Nor1H BENGAL (AND KAMRUP) VERSION The North Bengal version is represented by five poets: ‘‘Tantra’’ Vibhiti, Jagatjivan Ghosal, Manakar, Durgavar and Jivankrsna Maitra. Jagatjivan, Manakar and Durgavar belonged to Kamata- Kamartip, and the language of the works of the last two shows imprint of Assamese. ‘*TANTRA’’ VIBHOT! ‘Tantra’ is generally believed to be a part of the name but such a name looks rather unusual. I prefer to take it as indicating the profession or caste (‘‘weaver’’) of the poet. No manuscript copy of Vibhuti’s poem, complete or otherwise, has yet been recovered, but his work has been partially preserved, having been incorporated in some manuscript copies of Jagatjivan’s poem as 15 signified by the signature of Vibhiti occurring in some passages ; e.g., totala-carane vibhiti gae. “Vibhiti sings at the fect of Totaila.’ tantra-vibhiti bale’ total avatar cta bali gela Siva dharma piuyibar.? ‘Tantra-Vibhiti speaks of the birth of Totala ; saying this much Siva went out to worship Dharma.’ JAGATJIVANA GHOSAL Jagatjivan’s poem is known in a few manuscript copies* most of which are mutilated. The poet mentions Pranandrayan of Coochbehar 1 € MS reads ‘‘pade’’. 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निप्र oa देष्ड गत्रिवाटवर। curay gel faca cata आंत्र (कश नाहे oot cafe शाव YH नां कब्र aOTS (णव) a खि भूय मननात्र AW यनव weal Bia fafa कौ माटम। SEA Hal NA बटन गायत्र जीषएत्र ना कञ्चि foe ars atie (कान णवर, al छोनिभ्र) एतदव wee देयम शषति भद्टव्र दांङ्वि की कन्रिद विश्रि atorgica (शोव्रव fea zee ateca टवाद कत्रि afar aaa | ठेणैनो wea foray area अटओट्छ cafe stom fea कत्रिन safics | fray otis किव] ara steta ननन (काथ VTS येम SE WAY कफ़न | निट्वश्टभ्र OS StS atety cota eal Wai ay श्वि afar yer | भृरिरौ-विखटे शक्र नोय cushy Bray coray वि] ace खामि xfs | (कयन एकन Te Sw Gay रथि ates va <थनि fartay जिद arfi | oft safes ब्रां] gel afaetca खअरिनट aes ce (महे Pesca । qereta féfe en वभिन खांमटम खौ वभश्ण॑व्रिनौ fai राविटमकं मटन । खथखुकनत्रगे ठावि firs asta (कग यिन वृक्क CEM शूनदीत्र । yats थैखांटन हाटक sca खष्डात्र नां नींद खर्नयत्र कट शूरदात्र। भेष निका aca ate cofea रिद matacee निवटम WH eats eater अद्मर नीना $9ॐ ७९] TAH] CACG Sq Gata aq यावर यामि Sica मशीन | HATA ABIL TATA TCG यशश (थिरा ative cats ङिनि eters, ए८द CATS] शश्र GTR यमान By ar Tay विमा rcaty anf Ufa | catatfaat aot १ब्ि Cac शश्रे ARH Blacw जान कानावर Yar | WS (पान ge तरि ada oats BEAM *इ{-शख] ATT चदा | DBT यांनि Ce) ठेनन।ख MTA पदि Cate देन (भाहि | ATF Slaw cam qifanty त्म WAN ऽगां 4 (षौ कांजनाप्र ITH | wfasiea Greta शरूणोत्र ay ख SAM SAM SCT IH Hara | धन) यन्‌। धनरा चांशेन Te Feeney मनम देश थमा मिन््र। (भीग्रानिनो करनं षव्र किर-यश्नीग। धन) मन। द्वात वाङ्न ACA | नानां विशि अक्‌ टूव्र FCA ACM foo faqaty वट्न यनम।-याटषण ॥ गित्र Bibs अतर (कन्‌ वैर Feat नान) ASIA चटकं Tay Bhs sma fears cate mented मिन TAIT कच्छेन SCY MAF AHF | mia भूकुडा-नांरि जिनिप्र। aaa fia aface faq fafa aaa | BAS कंकन छिनि crews aq bay शत्रिशान रट्षीब्र feas | Bac Ba शनि वटक MN AL atatawataa Neca Se | ८९म हे Gay cata चूट्णतर भजार (काश ट्ठ (गाप्रानिनौ ese दृषत्र। TATA मनना दघ्न OA a निनी शणणबूना fra (जावर मने दन (कनि | otlrat दमिम्र श्रा गानिनौवर नाण waa cates Vea काणना जिडि।टम। (कोश BUCS यारे GH VI (कान ace CB coraty atey शि fea cota ara; कांकछनोत्र ats श्रा कर्‌ एए Fal (तरौ waa TENT cats FUL | CATA ATH BSA) VAS ATTA VA निप्र stem iat शत्रिष WaT | नि नाभ हेनिप्रा Sree कृष्म महौ मरौ दनिग्र यनमा CA (कान | मटर कद्रिव दश यांनन्भद्गटन नाना RA Alfa यान्नि arecarsice | नान्‌ वां शक चन अनिन कंन) भद्रम मानः षट कद्ग मरना | भृनमाद्र मार (छ दूरिव (कान छन विण विथाम वाम यनमा-ऽ१५१। २० अनमं चिच्छदम मिक जां Qe जरौ (कांनांकुनौ safety Swett यनज। ASA (नन az मर्त age HER कच्चिन्‌ Gey कार्या चान ces SSH जटव्रां वट | बटन orm stat कवि ब्रङ्ामभ्न) निव) ort ८कबमटन AeA सटकन्वैक कग] TCH मकौ cate की वनभि SF श्रू खट ACMA Fata | जङू-शग्रख्तरि शिन sata विवांटक cam Tara Bila (मोर YH SICA atetca विक्र कत्रि wet खांजिव yz} (कशिन्रा atea निखं टन | TAHA HOG रदेन . RATS AAA (त्रैन सयंटवगिग ACA AAPCH atetca fauta कत्रि yal मन खाट aM (कित्र बनज। SSR । यनम otf मटन शृन्‌। यन QE STAT «वटे्कटग द्विव (ङ्माज्र विष्वखिज्रां छिन रांटषं qaren नांनामटख Teresa afSy श्ूगांत्र। fanfem captegia 9 corre af टकन TRY AIT Katy MCT ATA कङ्गा age ata माने जान॑ छोटक Sus ` नि्षौर जिन्‌ नजा | चविन्यम semi aica यन cwfeatca eo CS ai Hats (कदा मन yen coe MH STS Meera fay याज catataty Stray Seitz | AM Sica निव्र्न AST MTN d29 faa खटन्‌ FCAT Ge SE Lee कांख्व frepy qaq ot fa कांटकन agate भनि ceface atarey थाटणशत्र | छक्र भुश्रख्वि शिनि TAA Tew धमन Seq खाय] Frofaer विधि fas faeinty sce dal मन FS GTA खानि छनि गांटेन कूवृक्षि ॥ shoe भैन्रौव्र जार नब्रटनट्ड गोनी शना वटन मनां StS ना (परि ननौ | afin चमर Gare esq (मादव (कथमन गत्व IH एव BTA ATS | निश्त्र मव्रम wife यांगां gerets TAA Hes ab ari atfe खां ब्र | रु 9 cofmal विम caica (नांटम Brew TIM BVM यक WA नाग ATG | colfice safe sict 4 (नाएन णंकिटन अटवा नाहि न। era aba | viral "षिन gre ठेडत्र-गिं्टव्र एश] वषि (भैना (कवौ कान (तीएटतर | धक Bay जहौ कटि (शो cornea erate (यित्र। atey मदव्रांवब्रजैटवर | Hele Fata Cites ata sacs cantata एणिग्र। verte (मदेशाटन | BS करु mts Stal (नरांगिप्र ate CFE WH Mal Tal मांनिनौ-उनग्र | Sui नि कांजणा कषर शांटन aS चा रूशि८र FOS (जन ATH TANTS | su श्रूयं Aq afaai वांना ote छाछ cats षे 3G मरे fog ate af | मनम मरि ym mate विव ata ace feats कबविनं etaty | विशैनि (क्गनांग वादेन इडाटमं मट्व्रावब्ररोघ्व cry नीगैदनव्र CAT । ation शरूटवट्व्र (ट्य Cowes नां Tem faqs शेङिनि Peis Se etter | antral दे वां ae Corey (काटन्‌ दांभिटनक्‌ AS (षन HTRA PACA | विमर्ष cam aifratca नारि वन faafaa gage नैत्रांट१ Fase | न कांटन Mal Strsq वटनन्‌ atrsts a कत्र frat मि eae मटका | aa cata qatet fafre aeatcz wit रिष्ट fog fro fratee cates | frota शौक्र थांमि Peg atte णानि facs a ai faca otal cafes cafe । HST BAIT KH CH CATS Yan afem bal aca मर्दक (गाद | om Acer Sica मरि मख Faq मि cota uta नारि oe areal जरेव थांमि। ४२२. 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BIT नान्‌ ५७५ दलष्टद्वि कट्‌ si arnt (र्‌ गा cea (पथि मशमोव्र खमाव्र Ce eq गेदट्गांक cHfacwl cotata yt wane नाशि atgqata | qafa nae] शाम्‌ न] वुकि yaa ata fea atan शौखिप्राटष्ट कान fofer) जनक) Sy copia शनिश्च) cra खंनन खांगिद्च cry wt | (उड्गिन्यथि ग्र जर्दीणं alae facy Ba खोर fay (एन wifaal गनमोाषवौ fae विभ कवि pina "ञ्नि oy सम्‌ ॥ मै SET cea वतन ब्रांम। cretiaa ota atfoat stfea (ट्य डन नां ota | नांमिका-वकट्न fag ate ate श्रीम often शद्रनौखुटन cea Set । कांटन कांटन् HAH EFA BPA ce ufam Cary शर॑व citata श्रष॑नि। OCF FIC (कान ATA टन WATS atfafy खातं (कन Cem Pere | नां atta cay cate afar गश्म।दवर ८क cates (कनिन athe « (नींकगाश्र्व | fag tary ACT शरव (मात्र WRT ऊर्णु Sars ffs न। ya ae | यन।रिनौ sf aa «ङि ate (मादव ८कन दां शीरं ete यात्र ACT | asters शिवौ cates cae ॐ) वित्र Sie acafsal व (कमि नवर | मनका-कनए्न VOY GCS शूत्रीकन fee विथक्ाम बट मनम।-एव्र१ ॥ vo SE BY TATIA IGT SAay (एषिग्र CHITA FIM TS १खि CHIT CoM | catufe qafe यङि afs कृत्रि (कंन aed उ]िट् gion (गां कटम्‌ | छूटे atom wt शांरेन मद्र नृगखिट्त्र sen faa खटडक arated | शरूटयव्र मन्रम्‌ छनि ate एमरकांत्र CHTHLS कांरुढ्र ELI कट्वर शांशांकाव्र। यनि (त्थि शूलं acs महन ८क्नि द्‌। श्रूटब (ङ्न वन FATA | areal एनौ aca ate भिषा! ace ath Ry ay नुभैवन्र (कषर्‌ यांगनि। Bea Sterl ater fatal Sar eater CHATA शारो कात्र YH CoH (कांटन | ACH ७८१ Ya (मात्र ASH मन (दन a Crm cata (ङकिव जौदन्‌। af (परिष aa afar eae यांन AcE cats शूढ Coral (शन कांनि। 392 wants निन्त] छनि ब्रानौ बटन cates wary CH ater (खातर FSCHICA | fay दक्षन safe cetata quay श्म यन धमन gets | यगि sie शख ofa यनमांकूगांग (कन्‌ श्रय मव्रिघ्वक aca yatta | ape टेम) aca वाखा कए चरिकाग्रो एव-(काटव शंय cua कि करिट्ड नोत्रि। (डाय याम कूनटन र किट्न Gea छे जय AACA ZCI कथक ननन | रुने] saa यामि aria गद वद्र SW ALHCT ST BA PAT | PIT ATS (खन IRATAA A श्रय tai दमिता WATE ACH a1 | मांखम tote atcel Acar Stew ater छाभाव कानित्र य atfaal fe ste | ate भिव cates दटन मरिशन यथिका्ी यक कव गौटङ्धवर fasta i ट्व Stent ate वघ्नं SLA (कारि क्रि व्र (गोट मट्ठ कङ्‌ URES | कानित्र Cae gai समिद aatca यनेांन्‌ कानि टद दलिव गालव | मांनांकाव्र wife यांटन (मदक्‌ AEA मांखम भषिग्रा cre वदन BATT | area wea मानां कात्र नारि कटत्र (रना गामं कत्रि मब्छ यांनि ब्रांमकन| | ATTY ANN SAS Faty ata कत्रि citatear गांजम fous | URS छन क गांखम afazy छलि acer ace रिन्‌ ऊजमांशत्रा | AVIVA VE कन्टनव्र cary एकटमत्र यैकाटनांक Sika विकम्‌। अना fears मांखटज sfon ङांनिदद्विष यदत्र यविलटङ as खांटन यनमा CET । ८मरिश्र] यनम] मटन aaa atte Wy Hafan Vee मात्र Bara | Wife aA (नट्ड] FA GRAY tq CHAT ACH दन HPHatey । ट्व CATS] Bry Stfanl faaxafy facta खानिग्र। यटन वटन stay fate | खनिक्रङ Say त्रि यांन Sacra AHS छर्म ७ ट्व मन क]-छएटव्र | छेडांमि acy टेवटम जाट्‌ sata CAM] छर्म खातर तगगी-खेमव्र | biertca विमां्र Seal खद्गी ग-गीठेटन qe एय frat ace खांनिव्‌। atece | विवा-ब्रा्ज ante wera carers qs शि (कांटन coal गां भम fess | खांमिघ्व वदनां जांमि खमन्ननशट्व् fernreat शरुनदींव्र गांव caceica | मरु AE tal aren शूंकिव cotaty खनित्र) इत्रिष can afeceg ata | aa afeatca ata हटकोत्र ata fae fetta aca a care fF y ॐ wale छाए Aas cay atata qafs aferz refs Cea श्रादडौ | निटत्र विभैत्रौर al Prefeeee ware wea भिका दटमाअ्-रांदन । BP STS) DBA A ea-cas षव्र टेवटम टकर Praca | be xe fats comay farrier निर्बन ete एक ठेश्छन HAR | fafoay arts cca खमन मात्य ater उव्रणिगौ ace Pcatee माघव | frefe way यङि जकन गैत्रौप्व्र afin र उशव्ी ाटमोत्र fraca । arate catfan ज्वर कहिन खनन विं विथ॑ष।म बटन मनभ।-षएद्र१ | ‘>So भर्त्र FAD FHA खाट हटकाव Fata artfa qztewa coreg कति शविष्म्र | यनमांकगांत्रौ ख Bsr हिन cores (म मव्‌ (कथिम wal नांजिन याँगांल्वर। cota (ङ्‌ कव यामि खद्गी ग-गेटन Sty HSH ca क्रि] Hac | raft wel cotca fanaa छान HSTT HIM Bia tal रिषन | व््खुत्रि धन मन SA श्रय Cara - य। गिर्‌ (षटभ॑ट्व्र शून दद्विर Zeal | ध्र कहि Tay BO Ga fagron Stem ate इरेगां coos । By भाला खः क्रौड] faafrs sia ब्रांजन शमौ त्र भेव fay ननां para | Facey Sy Pica दमि ए७-गोते ate frm खागांख] दमिन्‌ ate-Stco | cates afes यांनिन्‌ मिशन AA BCS नवनि HS] faaata | aie निग खवटमैव (एवि Boices afer aces fica crta एरषटकरनं | WML गह्‌ाएनव cats Praca afra ofaon पिन 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DATAT-ALNRCACS fae दिम छथि Gaact CUTS ॥ Dy cB) त्रश Fracea [म] दरि नमल ACT HATA CHa BEM Ta कब्र मनट्व fafacs ara AZ UF नदेश काऽ (कनि | ट्र योयाव्र Aa कन-मूवरात्रि ८कटनां Aa Hea काऽ ङि | छभिम्र (पदवद्‌ ACA BTA मन नशि कटवु sical श्न नरि aca एवि ब्रखिनु ननन ९५ wa ace fea षम Catal AH A Sts fF | रि] शव्र9१ Ace नृखा NS नानां aw निवटमं देटकंब्र विणगा८्न Sra परर्गङ्मात॒ ra fac नारि ara ay cr satay दशिव ८कमटन्‌ | wat] शैट्डव्र (पथि ary शतरमषभ्यौ काटन ATA TAA AACA ae वि] 4व41 cufaal (दयि गमन fag दिथिम वित्रट्म ॥ >4 भ्रातर मनम दटनन कोम FATS (डांस अकात्राण्‌ Sq carte sfaen AACS | 9 नखा aca निक्रण Bees WTA wta-se दढन जीने fey (कव-त्रामर | Facey atata कांषी याट VSAA “हे COE COIs (मावर देख यविकत्र ५५ 9४ wala westa fay ख।गांटव ङेखष्टाट्न ale pe खनन Sata | cota शयः att aca क्त्रि faraway खां atary stay ai fae a | warty Vicar we faba aa विमत stfaal काम sham stare | afary Cai etfs aca विवरद्रि विन fe ata a bey TSAYAT | भ्रां यणि Gal ati aca निट्वृक्षन atfare Fray acai (मरि र४५१। मर्व Faateqace गांजिग (मलानि नि azar atatcate athe | हिब्रपिन ae aie ata aexfs Hoe थाकिन। श्ट याथि यद-१छि | शनि faaraqaty ATS Geta 9 eta facvay ces कटतन कन्न | qty Ca डांवि shan शुमन नाम्रा] SMT SICH FAN कन्न | (मिष खटनक कांनं अक्ांव्रट (छागां खिन-थ4क cates (र्न शाखि aca ara | cea] न faa aie wiviara asa काटे यांमि wifey fawta | frp ना दनिन रेख oce ate vice ice xf द्यावौ गषेटनन ACE | qa Afes gre एनिन। द्रि ataty Ace निद्र Bee SATS | WHA Tey faeoy मद्र कानि कांट्क (कांनांकूनि afaa vata ite sca शरूरोनि। जर] Fecal cata acy छेन विषषद्वि खिचत र्द यामि frm asetat | aaa foley efi ata way om aca ae HST YP CHAT ATT | मानांब शर्वट्ड gre =a Bear एरका ats गदे यनम। एनिन | ACY STA (भैना (मदौ BOAFAATS Sats wer चित्र ट व्र AAC | fag-aia Ffanics नन क।-श्वनप्रौ otf ace ace cafe ace ay कबि । Ane Sita (कवौ मनका-छतट्व्र शर वौ Bern ब्रम} TAATA VA | ge fea ofa मम इदेटन AACA तदै मनक] निन मर्वकटम | गेम गोटमव्र शई RET Voy Stem ate afer Seq कारेटर निन | atta भिव atcaifes यांनिन awa aface नाँभिन ate wets cates | चुट्श्र waters Caley BEA AAA खन Ma HBT TRS पनित । wera NS AAT GCS Ya जनक] द्रमनी cats SHAE शामन | HAF वटगन SH CAL IEA दिं विधथैफांम ACA यनमा-एद्र ॥ aay ata ATF WAT ग्र facafe cotata ots ना Sey यष्नी ब-शींएिन ats aba ata ory CSS TH विशि-वांग eee YBa | ofa oe ana BVI AA SOD खश्च डि-नटनुश्तु (म्राम-एर्ण नरि coral (डसि 8 atayz श्न READ भिरश्‌ौ मन्‌ यनांथिनम fy खट्व खगा | गुशंन fan शानि feriza मनक] वानो wa ay निट्वति (छांगांस गनम। Aes दांत हृष्टेटवक शलुमाम (प्र त निवटम) यशस (मौ बिद््‌वट्नश्वकी afer डवम्‌ द्रि Sta ace cotats दिवाम्‌ ge atey fae Ay निन बराथ ata व] CATH BCI AAAI | हुन AD छनदोग एं] निष्ट] (ऊ astute ye छौ व खिट ceca षट] aca faaafa afacaa qaafa धन] मन Icy भिश-(गटन | By श्रूयं faa cota act ec feats afacma aca faq frat मकनि TA नथ wy (डाब aie Sa खांभिवां मकन गखारेप्र | पि खट्व CHE al fofex (छं विसश्व्रि ट्व टव HAG FIA छ) विग्र| मनमाट्फवौ fas विधथ॑षाम कवि विद्नषटिन मनमां मक्षन ॥ D> AMA मनकांतव्र Tay ofa aca नद्रशडि fe sce nica कांनि Stata tafe | उष्‌ Away यांयां Ay बटर व्र faPocy वादि चटव्र athe (कान OF 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Tera | atal Caztca टकन्‌ बुकन COTA न atfan coy दद्रिङशमन । कांनिषांटफे एन ated कालिक धज एषो वारि ara छम्रवनि fea | Rata SVS I FBR at fear awe ts मशटकानांदटन | (दन कांटन यनम] SITIA ALA मन faa विथैमौम कवि क्रिल ब्रन ॥ मटन Byatt कवि Acai st निकश-कृटन eC ROP ONG! खांनिटनक Geaca ay क्रि gel ofS वटन | atiance गै ofa ` ftre faba शती सअविनटश् Saw ATA ममात्र खांड्ड] ATA pecs नातिन faa नविम (कीन Byars | afer tata Pafs ayoty क्वि qe Naas कनक-कनम FCS CATSI ASF] STG (मष शं निर विरु | निर्गी्रा। मछभे-षटय्‌ freed यांबा Fea arate feces दिसषद्रि are Swe ST CHAFIA TMA arte श गाटे एप्राचि । मनि-नांग (र्नकाटन नदन नन fica aya afer खटन =] ऊादेव्राखं (किप कानन कांनि-नांभिंनौ नट नाँट्तत्र शीरँब्र ATG निशर)८्म Paw fags | cate fois ae cater कुक Sing (शा दे} खारेन खांडिग्रान-दक्ष CVS-AlAlG aay Fry कनं CUA ate atst- aay (रि नातं sat | AN वृट्न नोश्र-कटल्‌ 48 silane टन wyatces atfecq ATS थ्‌ (परि (अन षाट्‌ व्रा Sca acta cata शंकं विटग्ैस करि GS कथ्‌] | खा ततभिन।| विस्व Ticats ws shy Ace नातं हाट ATCA Sis Tica faqefa भघ्रनैटब wy phy कमन-ख।मटन APH ABA | शन SICH STH ATS cHftey (वठेन-द्वसका FATS AlA-AITF Bical वटन SATs cay वृष्टिं यक्षकाव्र fas दिथैषाम ata ate ॥ ॐ aT खोानिग्र) vata ata ar slaty Jars ahs न। aR AAMT | «टे कांनिपर्‌ qantas यविकात्र दा बृष्टि are aS नां श-यदखात्र | ae (षडेन-श्वखं। (षवश aaa नोएव्र eteicat ब्र नीहि aT | मनमांब्र Ya Sir कब्र थक्गटन Seq शन थग Cop Vy गठन | ५ॐ यिं पंडटमोदव नारि शूक मनमोग्र घन यी वृष्टिं मखिव कांनिषट्र | fai नि Steal ate Stead मटन ATA कानि वनि नानि firm Sofas (कबटन । ae cacy न कद्विव्‌ sting qa यरि He St Gra व्िट्द ौदन। Bien acy Stata यदनु TIE जश्थांटम मद्वि८्न छाव यमब्रङ्‌ कंन | (रुाटनब्र AS ated शवर एदे कट्वर ates तिरा छे far Bop देष््-बटवर । 98९ 388 मनमोदिजग्र 0 uy श्तु afal छांकट्म प्व सकांकौ विवि मव Sacra षन | waa bITa OFS BiH THAT tice Qe dtc Marl वस्र डोदन। aia sfaai यति ga afew forta मदिर Stem faface ata | (ङ्न मद्‌ atcaa sara fatal ata Bicwta water art Sida गेना | TAA] AA CHS (कान कर्म CHA टाटका-ख्ल्यर नागेशेन MAT SA corey | CATS ACA शैग्रादडौ SA कव ब्रह यविनट़ (शेन ace Pram शर्दप्ड | eas कत्रिन bem कांनिक्‌ कटनं atetfa एभि व्राख। Gea fan sce | मनमान्न Wo Tes cesicagy वांछि छांजि्र cata xe sty tutetfo | Fyfe Siew are ठ्न (भरांत afacay कर aca fx Coal Sa | brow वटन कर्थधांव्र (शे Poste CATA STA AMS SS न9%१। ofa 6 al Sta जारे BATA मर्धि sifaa satce कि faces ottca याम] | नाना ates star MSs tty माछ विज (मनिग्रां arcei ter eta etfs | इनिभ्राव॒ ice aie एगिन्‌ इत्र यटा १ fam shel orate विड | Sites tien ate क्रिन erty anfaai-goe छन गदेन (नोकाम्र । stata canta ate वाटर atfeatas MST दारि ste ata HST | cplale दारिग्रा ater eaface ata Sata ए नींप्र मद Aeon Stew ats । ACTSAATA ACH RSH कमन जौर्थका्षा योक cor fifaa wr | stata cata foo WATT SICA रीर्थकाषी टेकन sal नवम्‌ RATA पत्रि cicat Cam कटका TEAS fats तिमि atce चष्टेयैषव्र AYA | BBA SSA fast SS ACA seal ferta (नाक afa ee facet | featces cot frail bite ated ety alas arya afs Sta मट्ड UF | खथरमूथं tat वारन्‌ nba aacolqata cart eft त्रमन्‌ | fanats कंक] cafecs safes aan fay Set aota Sas | ह्‌ पिभ्रा षटश्ट्ड fun ae etre ए द्वि fers खन्‌ विटन नारि crea ort (ख) कप्‌ HATE वाटर वटक टक्‌ कषान “eine वारि (कीटक | afs wy वनि ofa कदब्रिन शमन aifant aaatwe एनिन्‌ ate | भिश्ड्षष्ट वरि ata eas मटन Hye (यिन eH MPAA HET | StH बटन SAE एन Slyty cata ब्रांखा Hart Tae माट्वांकोव्र। stats 89 अनभां विखंश्च Baqi sq सुनैगर्भिं गशूकटव खर्निनिं afaca ख॑भिग्रा खांभि गिने-विभिनं नारि खांनि। नान पूः (कन oem नूर gfam ने) afancy afi रव भसौ etary atfeg ata वरोटगश्व॑ल aTeqyey खअकम faoy yrarst | Saafe-aap वरि fray मकौ Aree <खधानश्रूत वारे Sceas | aifeg निच frat Stiga ऊुलित्रं वांञ्र। Facet! etcacst मधूकब्र। नाना Hafeai ati =stfawce cracaft Sai sth Atcse BIsSlA ख।निटनेक ALAA aH नाञ्च भर्वन्‌ ea यिषा fara ख।गांत)। cestcna aio «fe ए किष faq कलि satay ननाश जघन = जिप्र। ग ॐन॑-वनत् sai रिक agea जाँ नटन feata water | wlaata ctacafar atte खानि foatfate वारि ख।भि खा॑ठे-यष््त Sfua Fast gra p29) area face stat cafe काटने अौँटनश्वैव | व क] (ख करे firm गङू-कर्िम्ना aH नंन Geet व1॑रिङ् जघन मिश्दट्न etcar खथ] ofan acy छन्‌ मर्वीर्टन्ं WHA Fapwe | ACTER Face SI Mss vaca efeata gecaa stfeat faa faciwiz sca कच्चि ot facanca SIFT SATA Satay ti > wala ofan frets att नानो atcatea यांनांदेगर fra ated bon विषयान | BICHTA AACS ate FR valacs विप्र ven यांखि ats यांनन्िट्छ | aaa (ांकन कवि निनि cttaten asics खांभिर कांनि arg चमिग्र | fasta (नए कौट विप्र शशेन cut wicatfer Stem मशुकट्तु coer । AHA Coty ater Corey Boer AACS SY CH SY] GWA | aaa किन्‌ fray भाग Coca वछनि-थैराट्ड STS थरः कोख। FTF | carary ofa bier कव्विन्‌ भमन न्त्र यमिग्रा (त्नं qo fte-away | Hera यांनौटनै biew ९दटम श्ब॒मिट गोलं भिदं Crates cacy otf fers forty BTSs Ha Sfacw 7404 हातात जरि ate एटन PSST | Ceram fara wo atce मधूकब्र एषे गि) Ges fn festa fous | (कोटक HAT ata gal ai facear तक्रिन] व mel cre Seta ककन । [मी AIT शनी 38> हव्रिज। crate tom कतिप्र weet Vues Ara खर वां वित्र युश्मा | fata वतन (भान करिषं cotaica ऽन Shaq न ७ (कट Col यांबा | cata शूष ofS as (तथोप ब्रांकन वनि] tb (खी (पश्‌ ड वमन | Ate, Savi fray कटर मृनैदव्र Seta वट cre Prats naa | Sey HST (गर्‌ cata (मघवत वपन्‌ SHA THe] CHR FHC) Atala | fanfa catatia ata कानां fers (य्न farang zatefe खागनरकि fer | देष तर AACA HAY CHE IATA OVVs ThA AI SARS | खषेणि oa fer cre र जकन छकः[-नटयं CSHH-AG CHE ड WA | forta aces ऊना aac frei ptaca afer way खव्र) नांशेन | anfaal ख मद] Biel eafacw भरेत्‌ एकव खवा az stars | qaaty मश foo afar afro cofaal nfs हट वृ eafas । शरद मोप पटम्‌ ace CAR (८५ थेन व्रटिनि NS दटन निशंशट्म॥ ॥ नवम शन म्न ॥ ५९० wants wes] नोन्‌) > faa-cotca Stew are afe ate HAAS] ACA अथे] करिव stra | AP माम rly मनक] TETST (रन कांटग atBca एनिंन। नव्र शैख | BA गा SE माट्म खाभिश्र। aca qa ITH ST खवा (शे w Vfaca | Qe ws नांत्रिटकन AFqi नवां विदिश fake Heel sca stata | Seq Sga-efe ga एिनि भित्रा टूश-८रूनि ase ९क्न्‌ यव कद्विश्रा | aifiel fata gra ब्रायिन etpa रिव्शरूनि द9-एवि ब्राबिन etpa । नाब्रिट्कन्‌-श्रूनि ब्रूनै-मांमगि विवर कनि मद्रोकनि कद्विन वद्छद्र | वाकिन गाटकत्र चके खानि ary aca VCSF थ॑कांव Stel कव्रिन खमा | नाखेव्र खश्चन लटक SITS Bs fra नैवमाब्न ace ay श्व्रविरु weal | ace foul fra sib fr व्खब्र अखि zy Sea त्टिनिक्‌ SAAT | OmBITS मरकत] रिम eats atfea यात्र दधु रषि YS SSIS | Rw seq TS crfan AV aaa fra निम्नां oteta Go | नवक मत्रि Sia Sty Sirsa omnes wiafefa even मक्न | खट atfacea cata fame states APH यमन्‌। AFA दिट्नक्‌ Motes | चन घन SHB fra एंनिटन्‌। शाद्व नाना] Sycrsy अत्र वराटक रव्रसिटङ | aes कबिन खन्न tains मटन aca cofeacas wits क्तिन्‌ TWA | fafoa काश्न fie stairs aba mae qatar als Hivg sia | garda टन aa कविश्रां 54 acy farms ate व्रसिर-गन्‌। CT HCY foe Wek STSS (वृश्चन्‌ Bfacy मनक। ATA कवु (छान | Free aata पिनि शिष्टेक atfera दश्च fry ata य्व कविब्रा | atte ofa santa frome efaca BPSHTT WI Betsy faery | जट जनक) Bal sfaa (खान कव्‌ भि tyre shay aia | aya StI At ofan वपन fafsa sata ace sign a | निषा fares नानां खवा cae नम्र मन शव्रसिट्र otal यानि (तग्र वू%१। एमे याम लम निन दरेन्‌ ROY यैगवमगभ्र af cay Cory | येमवटवमन।-एःटथे BVH ASA SHAS WHA GVH HSA | offen बानिन्‌ शठी wt atsatee) fas faeteta aca श्रा-नेषशंण्ि ॥ 2 मरात्राफी Bri खन Sp यदम्‌ गरोव Bes ध्वटम cawata Beal यद्वि | safe एकि Ges ata] aG म्र erat a) गेतौटत्र ett ace fe at aa काटने काटन्प मनक] Stfaal faaty कि ददे ate CHITA (दमन यात | By AG arate arate ery os Bet catca cra (कनि Fafa | वनवुक्षि नारिं crta atts शदेन (नम (र्नकोटन CHT CTT AY ATH | छावर दन athe षादौ fetwartt Were ताऽन ASS sat | TAMA AI Cats SCIF नप्र aga wae fae freer tty ॥ 2) AS AY FCS) जव WOW] शदेन (षन कटनु मनक] SAA थमविन | ATH CHCA बर्‌ शरकव्‌-नक्रमै yaaa cafe atin मांनन्बिङ मन | छट्द wer यांभिश्र Tes ata Ofer atfs एकन टेकन fra antafa | satan नात्र खि का-वन्र cafe नाना acetates age aca धडधि। Sifs frat निवकन कब्रिन sates asics ates गिन fafe-cotstotca | Crass wife cre Sferr Stata भनिर craes (काशे erica यागांत्र | मर fret श्रषठिक। शंखन शिशान Ge firey यार कनां टे Cay निरन्‌ | way गन्‌ 99 नवय ataca ae sian efaca fers पिटन खट्नौषएडि क्रिन्‌ facetca | refs fact Fea ABT शून नोन्‌ शव्रकांटवर Com ater योटम्रांछन | छननीटन fers fara fry fox Ste कि दनिव छात्र क्रथ afeata bre | य माम Sse गहि stata ननन यत्र fies कब्निनं apa यांघ्तरांखन | es fry रेड at शभ्रां safes शरूट्वोरिख यानान Hs few | siagia sia खाटन खंड छलि दाम्ना HAT याहे रट छोटक SS | दिविशथ॑कोट्वर atfa कव्रिन्‌ sana माना] खत्र (वशन्‌ शिषटेक नत्र | (मवा$न] (कन खट्व शबरि ङ-गटन्‌ नान्मौगूथं gaara shay विबाँटम | नानो द्द्िष्ष१ 4a CF CHICA atatfafe वांश tice मश्‌ट्कांनांश्ट्न । करटं सव्र रिन्‌ CRA AWA apes नांय atca stata विशं | खाएटमन sfa शे ferry acm रिषि “rota वान कत्रिन aca | faaty (छान sare Faretsce वरती -शरूक्ष Bifs Fateq (जंकटन | Con Fraga शुषि कपनक भिरा ares-ac4 fants sige acatfeat | शरूव meal Hae निवटम fre wa fas faetris ac TATA ATA ॥ 8 मिक विष cata षद्र Sry wifey छात्र alatacy fafoa fate लैवाग-गूक्र) AA BOTH (मत्र नात्र) भिवि-नोट्थ Boia cater | aA aaa कषठिटक्न SS ATH विलि ट| न्नम्‌] ait भिं cacy wa कचि (कांटन CRCSCSH खमु Silty (कष्वि यन्नयन्म BITH tery वक्नय्टन | मनक] ङ्बिस्‌-गन mq वाट fern शिन रुरल WAS WIVHA afaca ge fora =TSTIY GSTS ATNWay Cray WSF | cae नखि face खांनिन qra-sice नन्‌ वा Alera WT faafga aifsace स्थांनिटगक ख] S- ATS कर्नटिखक् टेकन WS FTS | asica farts कत्रि जनक निवट्म ast AA AEM खाट FSV. aay र्ब्रिस-यट्न froers शरंट्डत्र FIT न॑रो बन-कु.श्टन | etry ठांनि 24 wha ares जपांत॑व कक] ait acer sacl खनि) PITAL कच्छ] SHsq] we} यिय! वयन नशा जि । नन्णक्। Waratt निग्छञ्च ore] खानि मांश किन STS VHT wat याज wet किनि स्यैज वट वक्रन। fez ्यांङेन जकन WAST | Wiese WAR Ate eatag ati (षरिभ्र। WH ATG बटन mH Saas SEA BPHITAcHICATS MEA न छिटष्डषं CS SST | धक्‌ द्रे छिनिषएोति न॑य जिदट्म.नांत्रौ Hob saa ae aie Saibeanre ae feta टेकन मव Pesce वटी Ae CS ASAT । Sx गाद्म aa fer = caw (डा ATA YS cafe ace safes यन नटय Birr (मवि sifaal यनमांटषसे feo विधथ॑काम व्रन्‌ ॥ @ rats nicea afaca edi tices (वरन ae oa afacea गङ्किन्तत्र ater | wards BIG दांग यभरत निं ACH ACT वानां कन्तु (वशात | मुव निरे CAVS Aas Sta भाट नक्कयम टन्‌ (खन निशँकत्‌ ates | acy canta Ste ofa धृणांग् हकांदकि Fea (कश्‌ खक्रूनि गेकांत्र | यत्रि नदे। ACA व नांव (धट (टे VITA Gita मोट MEAS CITA | cSéutfen वांवषंनि aereq-otata CHE RICA CHE SICA ACS HATATH | ASIe BATS (वनाम निमदं WE Pi SICH ACSA GTS Bee | ८र्नमटर खट्व श्ट Aa नन्नन ata छञ्ज-मङ्ध fice छाव-मडोव्रग | Costas aren निक्त) ez शक्र-ष्टन गृणिवांटव्र TE STA wats VITA | matey agate ota staat ante few face ote firm यांनि जनक] दटनन fae a SAE (न acy शेरे cata गसिकव्र वांग।। मिभ रबरिश fee ब्रनिव्र दशृटन MUVy Bice ae गिल eww | Sates ace दद्विव Tay (लोजिनं area ice ate लविकटत्र | Bert फलम) TU टव्रविर-गन (लेजिगं अक्षत फल। कत्रिग नैन | BR IS अहे मेक fer AeTT care “few fee evfia रुटव | ० कैम शौन iter गहेट्गक वागा मिम AIT शप्र श्य Wes दिकवन्र | छात्र AA वाक शट ब्रकरट्र SE ay माशिखि शिनि उत्रबिटख | खला त gata शेषि अशान canfag abe कवा afta fasta | खष्टेनम yates Gal afsata टेन ग`ख्ड AG) arets Bata | जकन HRA fore Sars HS नक्त TH SHAT भै SPT | भेन (एषति विष मवु ace ace छनिग मकण Foy afer (कोषटक | मर्व 8८न attfgs ate aera fas विथश;म ecm मनजा-किन्‌ ॥ ~~) wafers विनी दर्‌ stata sata ®क्रटतर wwe fre Sees अकां | Hitec Stary afecey frets ote भिद शवरि cam pate | AABN HAS नदेन ब्राकनाफि aftws ate कत्रि गूढ warts | नामां दां टश स्मच tiga जट्छक OSHC] fara Cae यचिट्वक | भूर्वट्नाट्क यांनन्तिर छंश्रखश्न-कष्दनि नाना वांछ (क।नां र्न कटू नारि नि | ated कत्रि गोट वारे नधिकाटवर हय face निटत्रमर Seicz | Otte TW काश (नट) विषयान sacs कि कब्र वम्‌ मरिषांन | निजंरट्यं Stor ate चांकिल गोकिष्न भवो शे-८वदशां fray eee (कमटन | Co 2¢8 wraca Sifaal (नटङ। वनिन See cea वनि विव््त्रि छेन fren aa | afsen गनकी-करते टावर Praca चनन cree Seq Tara यंकाल्वर। छनिग्र। यनमा रदेन यानन atts afm मनका -क्रभं AA यवछांद्र। tucfs Sate ए निम्‌] दिषषत्रि faa faeteta वटम्‌ कव्र-(खांङ्‌ कब्र | ने गैर्यव् AMSAT AACS (तंन) MYATT HST निनि-खवटमैव SCE BAG TATA | मनगादिकप्र अरि मक्क्रनेधूभौ जयि सै acy नृगेखि catfen sce atata atric | arth (छ मनका थर्‌ खटनक geferett (नीं कषटये गां वर aie अकांकिनो | ब्राानांग रदेन व ata Rife Cary (खुकिग य्‌ ब्राट्णात्र यबि । ` खष्टाशनिमौ मनकाटव्र छिटिनिक नाहि wa | पणो कदश्ट्व वकि ath gorse ERT | SHY AFT कटश CUM FHA oft cei गांवां न-रिभां sida wt | यपि aterte ata अखि राँटक पथ) stews (फटमट्व्र Beal राड मिष्ट) ara | ants catfeal sal कत्रिन ota fautey er ate Fray नान | Atif हलि (न) शशव faxes aarfs वभिन। weal एकि खंकि यामि afatca Be ufa Ste ऊट qaeel Bex faarfas | साभिनौो GSTS cata Sls HEH SZ ferry भनक] CITT ACA CATA ब्रजा-ख्धिकात् etfs यग नब्रवृनु दन्‌ कत्रि न्‌ खवटरट्न | ae सवशि कट्वर Atta ब्रम TAS HB ants cata fer ace मनक} CHITA BCA (एथ | catefacs क्र aface aj भांद्वि मन व्रखनि eres crest नखि “ied watt कहि ate शेक्र-ख)छि शट wafers Gru भैषि | wey शमि Ihe paperay ah कांत acaceafs PACSITS Fre भदिनग्र Ceae विन) शं rw} faq कट्वर] गनब्रथ ASS नमन ZS | SCA शुकशुन्‌-9खि त्मनि दशन] ie पिनिम Cre थजट्ड fae विथणाम कि Sad Gary (मदि AM-ATH FTE CHTG-BTTA ॥ = SIS न्त अजंममप्र ate] खक] कत्रि SATA CHAS ACH BTM AAA | atotan ateta vice facie sta शुन CHa ate fea ace मन | व्राणा ae ay fe क्त्रि यथोग् ates cacica यि] cra र farta | भिरा त्र चिटष्टम ae cory afestat afr crest ट्व मिरु! कि विट शौव्रि यटि] श्नि ater निन दहन ota-fag मंम कत्रिन fee | ge fro cantata aaa Aw atatacy Crm ate Stewics विरु | ata कत्रि fra ates eee Porta छत्र cee cats ater Biter गडा | shaty siva करु कट्वर निकर यविनटश oe भाण करेन afew | गिखांब्र निकटे त्रा ote कटं शन states यादहित्र। aca fowl ख्ब्र। anata fretca एनिन। तुश॑दद् हट ale Vy etary ayy | वाश ate afeal Stace हटा CSwey Zea (मनिग्रा cre क्र | zafas btm मद नोन at fen किमह wee बाज कङ््-मड AeA | एत्र यैटवमं shar ayes cHceta ठेक्षिटमं छि atce faye | acele)atea ce टग्रिव-यख्त्र शिवम-व्रेनि वारि wore AAs | THT AAS coq GTS (रोग्रथ वादि व्राज] outa उद्रि | BATS Aira sia ayfacs Beste प्रांनान कव्रिटनक acer | afan) afeal छा Stata (गनांन BUH मनम्‌। CATS) Bix GAA | ay बृष्टि (गव ata eaata न्रा कांनिषटश Sos Tecate SVs । लिंटर Fate-Kat] ना STA or sifeece थांमि foo firey Hara | मनमाँत्र ACH Bical ates निष्ांत्र feo Fretety aca नेन मात्र | 9९ aan few od $© शनेमभतरो btenta safe ङि गटन खट्व शरावो थांनिन्‌ थदन्‌ (गग athe यारि चष Ors यङि (्वा्रत् शाङ्ग ce aay AEF | (यष ATH Stet Strat ahem मकन्‌ तिटणं TACT शरेण APSA CATT ख! 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Ai feral fart stacy ace Sie etcatfeal | aise यांयटम रटद afer acres कूयरकूम Fala ala ATA CATA | afta aafe यछ (शरोग्रव कत्र्रा Asa HOTA कब्र यामटन Hts | afeatcra fed ofa दिविश शक्र रन्द्र भौत ATS Ata) Sate | fafoa निर्गा ~et कनक्-ष््रमि र वर्मा शूष afa नान ag aes | िटनक acne fed fafay काट पपि ate काणि मरेन वष्खट्र | apa alas दौर faqs म्ण एनिन atces श्रि नान वांकृ-त्रघ्कं | द्वन ठेखानि ब्रज atce विषयान afyatcny fed mem ट्रक रिषन fo रिथैहाम वटम्‌ Stay थैकांनै ` छडकन्‌ तिन गोत्रा (कन्‌ सर्भिवाभ॥ कांग At Stacy दभांप्रा कटर एव हता %भगेर्ि टता 9१ भव्‌ crass शून विकोन CTH TY दिणशग्‌ | मरौ शंकगिमा द दूर्व कन। एफ पदि (शोटत्राषएनां मनिड थू चिक fre FRA AR CHT Say] | विवि माशन . वां Ta जानम ठेकानि stray यांटेश्-9१ (गलिः ... ` `` (षषे हनांदणि (वनाद्वा विख।-कोटर्था। ale गीन। मृ चे (यलि wea frothy | शिन CARATS Ay AACS (पिर एर्व त Afew वक Coq वम AT छलं मिवाप्त पमि म्र SHCA गट BSR Bice काथं ata याट फलवद्‌ tate a खन | Cathie तोका ata वांश्च are गछन HT MEA" नदष ममौ Ace याट कार ता पिश Wasa | oy शूरण So] कन AVA eaface [ भाव ] ea Caria नश्वर लपि चट्त षव विथ व्रम Ne । 8 शानमि att Mey गानांहिट्ट मनक| OFS 1H बौ Hat खि areal चष्रभात्रौ नतव इषि ay य।ननिरुगछि | कमल) Fase BEA भैना यगन शिन) atest ete मलन CTH एणा ae मानांवर | qtr) eicatey ` aan tam) भोकर निजामी ए गिग उतरीवरषौ मणौ - SRW STS | 3948 wat faery Seo seal विष्छशर ara fara faa टां्राद्ौ as) चर्नटत्रथ। Sai Pacer मनक। UTS AST । fatal Satay wath Garth sath मानिनौ aa खनेष्टत्री frat मोती विष्ठांशनैौ गटनांज॒म। Feces | मद area cafe RNA] कृषूर्नौ ata BSA (वग HAtHte| ATH BCH वष्ट ब्रहम निंटक।-शरतिं MATT | मनक। Pye ATTA SA शूलं cam खरिवांम AT ARTS CS fAqTea टं िब्रषटि विद्धम्‌ ॥ @ ATA TSANG यां नन्वि crete aes ॐ नट qatar (कन नुगमभि। et] HITS मतां नंबर यां ७-कन Meal way षन ates Fafow shaw | aay wife अणि cefacs wera cease यांट्द्राभिन Sieg छेभन्र। ata era कत्रि atce वभिभ। खांभटन arazy ict car किच िषांटन । carey मांङ्का Ce हत्रविङ CEH (शौकरी भेक गह (गधा जारिनौ विज्वरा | ayatal शाब-माटक पिटगक इब्रिटस ary वृङ्धि क sia Recs । नुनखित्र भूव मय (मांक श (याट्‌ TAS Al वटम्‌ रिज विथषाटम a गे यौथिवाटत्र eta गनक। Wrst uty oti suis aorta शर क्रि | BSAA मटन HVA मनम Fates aetfafy गैर) याट atafas बटन | efaal (गौरखर वाम्‌ eatery कत्रि वाग कट्वर भूर्ज ओंत्रि बाब्विधर् कदि । सना यनम्‌ are छनि aes cay मनन ACH जनक वांमि | शिवान -(वहिरु मनक] ब्रांगा-माटसें Say CABS (जन oer मारण | गेत्र इूवनं AEA TICS नत्र MHRA MAI HAH ATH | ary afi faegathy wife एकान यांविटगन otal ata (गोकिक faatca | HINACIHES AIH Stee (मनि ametal cafe firm cre इगांहनि | Bray satete att नानां 9४५ पयाे७ Wee नदेन जराम मलग विशटन Sasa wa a कत्रिन वक्षन | fae विथमम Ace मनमा-फतुम SFO BATT US| BH Worry | नै (छत्रयौ att (म्र नाँङौत्रग (यनि BOA-THA TAH Btfa नाकौ एति ote =o aces नजिननु Cary ae Cao (कन StH | BSey-shorw शुदि fafea vad otf बि za ifs atat dre नानां Safe कत्रिन Aa ata arate aay वाह्लांट्त । ` CBE नांद ATT NS छनि afs शनलिर गलन SOIT घटम धम गँष्यशवनि अविनव्र Srey नानाम खमिदांत्र (पश्र मर्वक्रम | Catfas निद्रवि ate ace ata विरि मृं faart खडि atfa TAA HAG FTI TAF MAF AG) अनिवांनु oa वृ ्वमि | कशिनलांभ कनन शूगति मूङ्तिखांन Marty cavas (कर) पाम) तएगमा-गशोनांटतं (वग नाशि छनि भटक eer ace नाशि (कम) | GO-TO ACH za afar acer नभादेव ufise कट्वर नाभि cata cam gem ंबांनिन fea fretety stra गट ॥ >४“र छ FAIS BV SEI र ATF) AM SI दकु AMSA विविश्‌ aaa sca नोना frst fos aay FBS CBA IPT वक्षन ata afe fra arts sface (खन | coraca तृजिन्‌ yet ace] wifey (शौव ofan fray खद्नवाश्चन | गोम five gangal विटभैटव सखांषएमन fa aca वभिन। ACBITA | ef a-orga ace faa दक्तट्न AtaAtrA SETI GTS ATU चटन VW | ante ate कत्रि ace ofay area SHIH ATS HCH AIT गांन | ASCH Ws वान BWSTA AI . व्रांख-यखब्र ATT AYA वमन्‌ | मनक] Pye) मनभां HT कृषरग-(८़ भ॑व Fira cates frarcasifs confafa-yea (कम Faget feats | (भित्र यन्म कट्त्र care Bouay* wel wor विदि crtara श्रुवनि। ननाद BAH नभ्रोट्म BHAA ALANS SF CHA SAVF IA | Sewer ayy कनक HOH मनिगन FS (खन्‌ खनद यानन | कनक-८कद्व्र GE GS Hass] Satta casera qwa-axs | कमर aes cus कुररटमव ats ceafafayr cafe रटवशव्रो-षात । zSy Sa CHAS कटनल वटव gifs aicaty wre तने रिट चरू | afon काटमव करनं sface aera aq-mryce वटन fee feeteta | नि ater ख) नटनं ota (कथि ufay (रुषि fra cate faafe oa अखि ख।नम AH BS एकन WHATLA | eaiaica cata af cefaces यात॒ नारि पथे छ खां बृ-ङ्वटन खा ग)टव्रा मविदटष्डटं fers Hetaicr न) ata (क्रटनक्‌ विष्ट्न | fasta) states न) BITS CATACH Hee WF Os Ths Blas अनशन (गन cota fara ates cata ख tts | art नांल Say Se far wR seta पंरनिर्म मनजांव्र नाट ख! जड] Fatt धुषिनि मव wT COLA cay BRAITH | विवश कवि aa य)जिरे Awa nig sfaal विश | ANS She sey) Hate (नांबर Ate खंननौब् ity | जनक] wtwey नथा शवरि कट्वर जनिन नंदराम efaca ahh कदि थ} किन yrs vata sina हृत्रिटष्‌ | विणि poctinr col िटभं aeraey गंखमू कुषटोव्र ars एोगब्र Aare ates टकागल कंनकगथि WHT | «faa fray got ८२८्क (ष्या क़] Afr PACHA दूता AGS ककन विष्वं निद्रमांन गनि कृ-गनिट्ड Wats | Sfacs Beare नृगैणिनिकन विवि area वाट्क gzefe fray डाटस aioe विथ॑कांटभ Aaa SATATATTH ॥ 0 | विशेषौ एनिन arate (एोरिट 9 छशरक्ष्वनि (मनभैडि atfe मद (वांशं “alata मवीटक विकट्म यांन wits माणि] afer wet रिटि | S&S aos wart faery frava ङूत्रिषक अधं हौ गाटण शक aa Sify गांकिटनङ ae मोक माणं एांक गट भकग HAATY गौव faa शरटवरीहिर ऊ निम रिविांदव्रटम भर्व छांखिवर्भ भटक गेत्र यांनटन्‌ हंटम्‌। atc नि qe सूद] न्ग थटमांकमन AAC THATS TICS | EG HS WTB BACH YAW We teqe Fraga afew नानां यना MICE मारु (मात्र मटक ए) मब्र भृष्टं न शटनींखि | AAG AAA वृत्र wifey ce TaSA एण crratfs वृ Oty A ICH खटक्र-ख्टगं देना रटेन टन agin safer धनौ ata | ata aft ace नि्िङ fare acy (ोटकाटन वजिन जुभवट्ब गाल fa yaties cats यामां) ws alors (खन AACA | aoa ga Firs = cates नानां eerste BEIT षन OTR ferw गेडि Safe wife weferai मनजाटकवौ foo fremty faafécw ॥ ॐ Aaa दांजौ उद्रि थषव afer ateter रदे wh ca AA Hs अहत । Soin Fats oa saga एत्र गदेन Bales] यमश्शान | भैम TIA दान (विट शुनाद् pointy गांगांकत्र गरे eT | apa Wate एटन भ्व) नारि ey wat feet He (जन Stee जकर । Torts मात्र] efor नानां cast ae ate Ne शौर नानां ac | colfecst वाखन। ace aia aay ooren fae Tay एश्णकननतर। atcea aretca ated निल rasan AAT ACSIA SIH Aq ककन | cBlerat दांखाट्व ater निट्ना waa यटि वानि ara कमनि चाट न॑, कनक वोख॑}टत॒ fam कवन aca दिषिगड (कवक afar विष्नस। HCAS) AATA (भन SICH wd नक्र नक्र CHCA GS omy AAA | माना atu शिर ate see Sots म जिन्न) जकन ate एनिनं Bias | विन नँ fea कम्र हाटक) INAS wy cafe ब्रा वाहनि are | Bey cry) ote याकि दिवि दछन (मित्रा मकन Chey] रन्‌ ज!म-गन | yaya cotaatie जकन (किरा me जकन (नोक द्धौ शब AEN | व रिस्‌] मर्दखन (नशलिम्र एग fasta caatfe con (यिदद ota | यनिषटे fora fac ¢ Wal (एकत्‌ विनां cafe ata cata काटी Ga | य] Sta गर्व CS MSH EA safes TSG) OH MET TE | mI Hey cars afor atferay (कोटक एनिन ace व्रविर रेरा । ee खामि व्रशोेन कट] नुगैवद्व्र हङादफि अटल रदेन AWE | प्रमं otter ८४न।८्४नि (कमोँट्कजि नवात्र was (वांश नारि टन CHS BTA STS | टा acm दरि sa कि stars ८१९ व्‌] कृत ST वट्न AIH | हंटणो ATH STITH वांकडे) नाग aren Seq श्र) भान fra a) कद्र (कानन) उत्व यानि वटन CAB) दूजिम्रं COME BAN STA (दत्‌) BY AMT } संशम्‌ [ 443) ] नख As sora (भी कन्‌ नाकृ) He ननम्‌ Sta | अट्यादाम्र नाके] न Mata नश्च एक WT ल याद्‌ त सृश्मांन। VANS Ae शाकः वेनु Hea TRE AME BF नश SG वागन | afar वाक ata ५ fea waa चव्थींट्न Gal शन crs ङ alee | ठ।एक] वटलं वुकि] (किणि cata St fee जट उट दोक SEA Gly as क्षे Vata SAG OTS Wray aify cel शे ab afin (फक्त । SCA BSH शप्र नान पिटिनक शोभिश्रा faate (गथिटड oem शद्रसि देषेष्र | निर्खन cites aly cca मृगवदर otfqay यनमा GI यांरेन HSA | éteatca एनिट्ड नौखिटलन Basta ‘fae facinty वटन शेक्रा-शषं मावर ॥ see D2 ` विभौ भाजिरा atcsa ण्न ` मनमा कत्रिन न मां नाखि eta नाट्भश्रवौ fagaca ace fern शशा देक्रिटर epee | एनिटगा शतान्यत्र बद्र} - 9८५ भमनभाविक्जय अदौन भवन cata रिकट्य ettaey WEA AS AES यवन (णन CUA-NTE TATA wet fot यककांत्र ity ए़ोंकिन SAA | अछि Bee scraz (षधि cara गदौ कनं कितं छूद्रा थम) aan दिषटिय ace atin otfafers ठेशनौर bien wate । विसम aicets श्वनि मर्व cate जोम efi ay Fah अनभ्र खांकावु UIs Vis मर्वटनांट्क (कर sire नारि cuca ASH जौकन खमात्र। atm BS BITS (खन्‌ AHAUWS ATG विकनौ erate fra cae acy विमश्नातं ap बिष्ट नेद्रमाभं (कष वटन अकांन्‌ CAT | निर्धन यंत्र ट्श उद्रिव (कयन ay विशम sface नरि sta नात्र fata aa firaby निवी ox ales ss crate | TICS RECS cote (कनि «EHTS (रोष्रनौ Facery tet नांशगेग MAS TST जर efe-catel-fas as यच्च (कणि ety मर्दन | मां ifs विषश्रि त शत्र छक ष्टा Stem त्राणा धात्र चेक टव ८कनि caters वाण ` त्राण। ata aptife (खष्ग एोटक frat 0टक | (ख्षूक्रटल (वणि ety रटत wheres शीतर गि ata aerate जाग्र ट दटन कि EU मटर inten (टना (कषित ters गमजा्र) The ‘Hematala’ Staff (Taladhvaja Capital from Pawaya. 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Aer! = ` CHA NST GF aw Bed HoT! ४५ Sie TAA faery लभन्त ayafe afin Sars mye (पथिन्‌ ata wb) विनेत्रोट् | खिष्ठाम्‌ 4 मृनयूनि वच्छे कि stag खांजिट्ड नना Voi बटन मूर्वणन | Faca wifey ता] छटक्‌ arya wifey atcea vin क्विम्‌ cw BF दौटव्र ICA SCA Atl Stem STH वुक्षकांट्ग खां (म कब्विव वांद्वन। Be RCS षके Brea न ATA नड्ट्ड वक्र (ककिर हाट्का नछिनि बिट्‌ | (विग्र &tfre fare (मग्र festa वाश-खनैर्ाटन afeowa cate कात्नौ। ats cates afany gra Ben Sf मा षरटश YE oR CSM THA | we etal नविनव्र Vol “ITA OTH वाग eq fray ab) ८४निष्रं coara | geaca श्त्रि eb ace Saat Naty Seca cates (कटन यांनमांग्रा | Stfan ea ab) uta अंश्‌] ट्त ao] Sify नरिनव (क) रि Bere | caien atfe-ata size crinfy क] PR Bsa लयिनद्र ais गानम।४ | mace (कथन्‌ वांन। caneta sf nfece afsa ye कट्‌ वाम कत | cau शत्रि afawy atcy 4कठन féfen aea-ys sca ata ata | मानांगेम tate गवादे-(लांय्‌ cafe निग्र] खांटेन मा etal Seg | nice caca (मवि Bieri ठेगकिनं etsy geen (कांनुंकुनि aoe Sars | छामा] cttoca मष्ट निक 9८१ care OS BA HAAS इन्द्र CFA FCF | wiatstey aca वति गदेन ांगटन यंटवनिना निक शरत हव्रसिङ-मटन | ` यहद fecal] ace afer खमन FA CHS (य) ५] Bical Cac भूर्वजन । गभिनत्र-(न नत्र (वष्न। खाट्तांरिग्रा भे) ङ्गिवाटल छां safae ea | लयिन (कोष्टक मव छेजौनि aca दिषाट्न ofan शिवि gests Xz | यटम ओंम MACH ANTs मनम-यैमांटभ नाम Gratca शक्र भूकििनि अट्माटष्‌ | ata] acs खरि कटब्र casa शमदो sta ठेद्रिन यौमि cra fares | qafe (वषग) ata efaa थैन॑खि खव mierg STs यछ ails ऋणि । खद (गमाम छिन छना (मव) कद्वि (छांमात्र मालक चर्व काटि न) गामबि। यांगात्र विवार arat cotata Facey कं। नाटेद्ड यादेश coral ray Wace | यरि feawtat athe tice सह्य fasi-ca4 विष्व क्न catca cre | ofan eee wal caeata डि fFaasai खानि खख frei Atasthe | ag कत्रि मनम। वनिनां ye oie frfreai creer भैष विषटिड कटनी । नौग नै CUS face विषिद्धं axa कनौ fafacs frente शद्धिव थन | AMT दी -एव्र्‌-मटवरां ज~म (नाट. शिखि दिथफाम पि ङक्रक्रटणे HTS ॥ = भेग्रोत्र wire trices टव fafa Frac atheta “te Pree farce sitar | मदि gaa यांव्र fie cae कृनत face wie ante aes) art गोन a wae paw face face atonta भेष वौ acer Crem विमान ae ota नि?¶ Gaza विडंग | wie (शटल (छत्र कारवी हेव facta | शकक गिक coca कंकमांम (छक ay ofa qaca rata श्रि ita (९श्‌-गोग वर्म He गिरिन.- acre) ` Cotata थमाटष गांड Fics cata Sat वाग ttc भैक Pace Dara ATA cqsata acy afer दिवश्त्रौ Brats शिविद्र @e श्रव वांग्रन | (वहन Biya (भटना यो गनां श्नि | matey feta face शषाटनाग्‌ कामि श्र FA BCI AICS ANIA mya तक SVG TAT | ato ad यारि face रतिव-यडव्‌ | cayeta fafa eft मुब्रषन वृं यन्मतं feral कतरिन्‌ वत्र मानिक वदै fare awa tear | शो-यांफ त्र कदिवाटव्र cI SAA | (गान sitcan onl fafa wrae Ses Hea cic अखि Safire निविन कतनत एएरे shee | विदिश staan वाटभ ara gatas । गिथिन ecw cob शूष गरछत्रान। AAA BATA VACA थेन Bletca atfaatay निरि जानषांक। एवि ८नषिङ इद्निटव teat | (वाटर कनौ firey विवर्त निक शर्म शो-चांांत्र कट्वर कृष्ट कनौ श्रि शरेण Carat areas । मयिनाव्र (रिग) AEM MSH COT | गनभांत्र थि wea ay Vari खनटन्‌ (माहि Beal वटन BEA faate (वशिष्ठ मारा सांमिट्व यानैनि। दिक विशम्‌ वटन यनमा-एव्रम्‌ | ‰@ जिने SEAN बटन ST anfearg शटन षत Hata Katz गांखांशिर। खगा Tey Oeste, ऊना नाहि ATA OT" Sls acy efor Faure | afranifs acta a fafa fates CHT शो हंग ATTA sf arn टेकन्‌ क्र eae यात्रारिरु Cee (रन-क्रशं वव्र FCAT aca विदि आंरेग्रभेण (वश) aA (कंन aa mPa (डन acy fafy कठिन श्न | He अनमांरिक्कब्नः Os BA Stra गटन - एरिति) नथा शोटन cea वत्र न) fafa catca भांभटत्र कामन कदि च्यांत्रादिव earn at SMB NE «Sas | eta area Stet Era छादि TATe-ge नि्ेक]टन्‌ Fra) seq ८कनि वाभि (रन्‌-क्रग Se विकाटश कुक्र दे BF थांदेन छन कछनमौ | aq ater गरम गखिजिर) acd मखि ® वौ ऊाटवन Bey mace निथेन टना (मरे नवर Ata wea sifacey fofeaca किवां ea ata ara गणि नो जर्‌ Sica (भींम त्िटर न) ATA apices (वरना ब (थन्‌ BF Ae CONGR खार्‌ AT (कथि मुरिकन | यकर Sifan wes Axes crftal ss sates (्योदटन्त (नाटक भन aaa fora cea वत्‌ ai गिनिन HRS नि CAPT | STS तांन] Waesi (मर्‌ -आव्व-गन-कण्‌ haat arrest गोज eta AMSA RAST CHE BS कवाट fee रिज त॒म tan = 9 कामणं ब्रातं bibs एकत्र कवि yas BITS TTSIA मागा Da fafracs Cae (?) कटद् CHT गगौ ८वांनकन्‌। | alest नद) ष्णि खांटन भिन्त यओ्टन SITS एन्बटनन्र डि Qe ठ}ट्य दभि cary ats py cafe acstiay are । BAS वनि ato =peye Fay SIACH THN छान cafes सांरेग्रनटमं CASA जां BT, AMATATE CTS जान । क] गशष पिनि ergy शनि र ष्जटनं GaQoy = fet AWA SIM aE] यवम्‌ cacy rife wife cwfa | ata Ferg ल!टश्न Bisa PLA AS AAT र्थ Woy गन eH STB Aya afaca Stra | ex ay ओवा | मनिगन्र (नीड) | AS CH APE Bia कटम्‌ CHIT Axa faratcn बूनि-यन cate Bz | मृनांन ates fafa gare BEY CYA StF ` विष्व वारौ AQT STAN afstae corre ota} न्को कटि गाट्व “GTR HITS qeta rere नट्‌ af fate नाखि वमांरेन रुषि शतरि भत्रसांनटन्क्‌ | दमदमा काष्रनाद्नै af aca fa Bram ट गानटमत्‌ | यत्र fewest ` नच्र-कंटन्क BEG ~“ ` न्गटत़ STRATE | 385 SQ aanifaea Be TS) Rw ACS Hines Hay-fah, sifa fers “ce fares act Sa Sia faate (गट्थ waface | वि।-एहटि ace cpl fica Beco mere cafe wary | CUTE मर्द-खअटण एनिन खां विन्रषटिन विषम ॥ ॐ ° नथांरे feast यणि cefaal थमा etatara ca ACS कन्टस्र निनांन्‌ | ८कांटन ofa हणमु निचि ota fray (रन कष्ट न नाज्ज Ste | मछ] Secs Stew satel छेमिवाटव्र नीत eistata गस्‌ क्वि Bd wets | बटेगनुगं (नाटक wea विट्डांट्न aufe थमाम cif om ea cates | Bafa मनक] cava sfaa facats faate ai fra aca sae ओटवाश्‌। खार] न] ofan oa कर्म Cae कनि caace छोटक नि मनका ce) ब्रा ay Cea गन वदन Stew |e शां §न co (वना CCITT कहि EAA | CTaiice यां मातर Yee जनक वांकरानि नभ्रा atata eb acy गन्तं वभौ व्काच्छ योगात (नाक कात्र सङ्द्विक HIN मना ICH मडिव कटक | NIT मक्न बाम qafas भावी एड शग शनन करर ANT (नाक रषौ | मानिकं wey cry टप विषयान नांशव्रं Sida दत्रि Cry aerate । 25a २२० नित्रयन wet fet उरि यां कात्र शुश्व्रि नांट्म ष्टे AH YASS | (ग्रानिनौ जहौ act धत्रि afy यास्‌ टव Ste ga say दधि | (श्टव्र। दनि CASAL CN यवकांन FF श्न] qa] नाप्य दरे गांनिव्र Bars | विग्रं ख) मिक op afae थैवग स्थां वट्नेब्र एः cotta slaq मकन्‌ | ser Sica निन scx छां acy Bly Aa aA cata a ata Satcy | By AH ace Sta ste arfarfay Sy मन ACH Stew Qareta वानौ। खाश्विटन shesi-sen era र्वं cals टट्डा-दटश्यौ जन खारि यांनन्त cass | विग्र eta नरि cra ङून-गांनि देखत जञांग्र coral wal fim यानि | sifecs रिग fas Seq गवन feaca दमिग्र। wica shee मनन। aca shea हटा नीरा tba कांगिकट्ङ crateg qatat aac | BARA ATA हटा Alec ATA aratcatce वन्तौ कत्रि YR (महे cae faa-cotca cata निन शोमट्त्र wats ate दस्मव्र अगमान athe नादे। नीटरट्ड srs (नाटक coca Praca हटा मिग्रटव्र दभि करि Sacacat | कानोनट्र्‌ एव) रेष जथ मशूकटव्र नाना टः feat Stor मानिष (षटनटव्र । माघ गाटम माजि act CaRQ ARTE है टणतव वृकाल्र (छाय shag मश्व | ‘way cota ca खांमि गूक्रा-मश्टव्र cateta wore rattan fren cotca | अभनमांदिक्नश् aay दम्‌ fay cca Sher wate bicata क afes निनन | cacy Basta कत्रि acy AVIA (ङ्न मन FCA Siem वषि यीटनेश॑व्र। CEA ANA श्व्र-शक। Bea AF Cates cata नाग (करे aa जोटव athe cree | aay ९वग]टथ cota faci कव्रांरेन catera दांमट्ब कानि mare पश्मिन। (य्न) Boa कब्र am मविनग्र AS खौप्राषटेग्र) (भवो adhe चा्याम्र। AV Fatal Fa Paes cota मकन Ht sla शीकंऽ ङ Atal | sity छ cage शति Tata नोर AS SNA crest Aste Baty | q:aq Gag ge qrifs एरचि IS YA HTM Atal eva Uys | atace ृनैखि tice afacas cota aenta Sian) wa बिव गिम AST कब्र caam qari विषयान सुति cota, face bron cata दिष्मान। faa ats ca यांमिद्‌ छव 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(गनि छाद्‌] पिन वांङ्किघ्र। aces race दिष्‌ ate af sty Bre WTR मद्र विव श्म यांखात्र | ates faa कि cota ट्र काशिनौ केषरदवरबर iene रिस aco ₹७ athe | दापनं शन २२१ विन खिनिण ककं Faces कांवर fia शकु टेकन नांबर TATA | CHE ड शक COLT दाव Gy भक्रए-ख। डगर दिव्‌ वा-बूटथ गवर | मशमभू वे कृद्रटमब्र शन कूत्रटगब्र नाट विव ₹७ Saye | यां णनांश्‌ नाँट्म दक्र कथिन (? ) (भीमां < छाश] व्र atcrce विष धा-भूटश नांद | wat sha फिट्व्र कह ख काम देगशंदवर कष-गूवमांट़्े विष FIA AARC | BI शद्ध SH BT ठ भवन कट्कब atata fas छम द॒भांखन ॥ afte male († ) गहगञ्च-मा्व यदत्र ठेनैदद्र मरम SCAG HOTS | as खारि मब्रटनघ्ड ata नागै मर्धशांटन Tahara (वष्गातब्र खि | नैवा] विशं वि afte याशुनि areal खामिटनन विष कानौ aif | aa शेषि stare गांत्रिन ota निष we ven नविनाव्र थाह (वच्छ छट | Visa वमिन वान कमं तिं शटि (वशम प्रग्र टेन चनि | CHRACA Plate मृड नरिनत्र react चौग्रारेव Gy w Faz | OS HA OTA BVA ममोीन fy वनि acts एटगां निष्ट । जिं faery वन मनमा-एव्र BACT BACT गांड] इरे HAT | ९२२ मनमांदिकय् gaaiwey शन्न] > ्यांङोनि ate (दन) Heca (मेथि Hite Bm AGA afacs गे fee arn Act SFY cag खेगनौर AS YI catce Hite catca कु-क।ङ्नि। CASA ASA (वाट्न airy Sea वटल रेन ate Jas cermita ea निषा हांट्मे। बाख न। STA Mata Aer CHITAN AB FITCH WAST | (गोसव afeeca जाटनं ceraica कंश्मिनां (कटश bicel ster पिना sratea sata य]कटम stiff (डांग as aga atfH caLS ace ] ata दर्ये नांख।। मृ tfa cwayat 28 afa faaafa COI Slateaq favata qe arere Sofi assay ofa ष्यामि छ siya ails aa ata | ANS YoR V4 TST BCA CABATA यरि Wem crane faqafa ag-aca ष्टे gata वित्तगाटन खी ग्रा रद्रा fra Sele] | मकल (नव SP een कुष्रम-कषि gala areata खंम्रक्षवनमि HAAS casi (मयि CHAN Tai way aaratar गाजिन (बनानि। afs tfa cranes cla) विक्रम कट्वर मनम Ween Coal ST चखंग्रखद्न wit frm STA ख्कन्‌ AAT stfayce अट्वटन्यं ADs | qatar नीला CqRal वनटब्र य। मसूट्व्रत्रु WA AN AIA OTFAMCS ATS ae कनौ कटन Sia (ङ POR CHa BS HAA खदजटङ | caaata यद्धे cafe ममम May wat Sie निन) ay मधूक qq खन fort नाम्रा अग्रम स्वनि fem सट विल! SLATS AWE | EAs] GTS) Fey shel नय) Sei ema सरन्‌ (क्ारबमुभि Rahs eq Sts qua Ges] क “ca fuer कत्रि ८४काट$कि। [aca™) asicaa tice “tga विग्र cater VATS) ननि मनत भिर्भिनि pier दौट्क मोंबि (महे ष्टे vice नंकुनि-ननेन् TASS t दृ cnatcaa atce वृ]्ग्रि| aura (Bice) ata ates ofa atafes ग्रं -य्न (मदे Us GIZA BE वन।-शन) ACF SHANG | निनदं etea Sth चङि कं QE SIE ofa ata efaaq aay { वङ्‌ ] धन fem wht = celeibi acta गांछि शन - शून कद्विन गछन्‌ | wACA खां शन (कनं कव्रिटनक AIC cael ंङ्टवर fag जाट्व नेका -नैषने फां षूं शरा क्रि ere faafoa fae fastatca ॥ ॐ ॐ ९२8 Tone शे डारिग्रं नीरे बटन TET Ret हिलांग Canta कटवा (करे मटन MRA | (वहन वनय ब्रांकां (परिव निरा नारि ब्रश ony क्रटनैट्छ वरि (ष उ (गनांनि । निव एबूनि-क्रः COrata कननौ | prif Feat catca तड निमी CaM ata शट्‌ Baca Fae (वगा वाटका वानां शत्रव way मनक निट catca (षह छ Fanta | एटि विभ्रम १9 िट्गक AH | faafas mate निगद atca वात एजि (वहन ब्राया ग्र क-यङ्ःशरतौ CFIC FH] नीट ह्र ८छ। SAA | ख facet वट्न Fa-care shy 1 x) ay ate ्निट्ख BAS (भे (वन रिषि cae शृद्रिषौन fafa दभन biog 15a cw Brafa fafa ca नानो शरणं SARGA | TFAAAG CHS ङ्कक्ग SY cars BSey गना मिनत forse छेच्छग्‌ Stra MHI कृन्‌ (करान FITZ OAT नभत | (रग) ब्रा क्रणं RGA मधत VAI श्वनि छि शुनजिख छनि (क meee हून विग्रनि। awa-cray षटि | Pca mea (तोकं ।ख कौनि (कयि pefe विप्रनि ` FAS जीबन कटी भृद्रिटेलन aT UTE व्रणटम छिनित्रं भागिनो | नतर Ct क्रि पोशंदेन wars} (शिग्र (गांहिर कातलं थ॑प्वनित्रां ब्राचशूर एाकिन मूत्र चरर mit वेदश्दङि छा टन | The Tmage of Manasa at Murarai. Circa 11000 A.D. (Archacological Survey of India Annual Report for 1921-22) निभि ge यरि gaps carat Scrawl शौन ala wea) ठेकमूवि caants क्रम (थि निवरक्रिट्| कनिन्‌ भमन्‌ जायि ्ट्नाषटटन। जट्न गकि देब aca मनकात्व Bee विद्र atfeca पूनि चक (वह्ने (कमन (८५ ara ace fofas खांगैनि (यिशर Srey खट्व at fea णेखात्र) aca तारे या वनन | ८दङ्लाव्र नम ofa मध्व wen atfa atfea-caratca Sats ८नङनिग्र] चन TH मकल HRY HZ ary seq Zales | cafaal wala qt | CHA खरक cate ABA देन CHCA SB tft खथ॑षौव्रा ae catcacara faces एव्र fae faotrta wana | ॐ FCS] मव AA CAA greeny SHA ANT GFF TVA CHEM AACS | safe शरूवट्नीप्क stan crate fafaatcg ac (खन fociaa श्रूदनि। मांक गद्ाटश खत्र-गौनि नारि ate । atel श्रूयवधू वरि acy atfe बटन फन fee Yotata (मि मदिट्मैष fofacs शगिप्ड यष्ट वि शिटए्नक चूट१। FSIS रारे Ala रेन CHT | कङ्‌ ग vals caica Fhaat निश cata cacal cafe (फर्‌ afapy | fegatra श्रूयटथां क fag atifaa जकनि वग श्रेन (छामा cHfeal | ate हिव ace cata coratea crfaal मनक FHT CE Vales cata ace a cata गिन rate | दिख fetta वदन मनभा-व्रिड ॥ @ गिक Re Cen वनाश वांगौ छन RTA aterat ia Rata Bias cata शाम जनक] WC AWA पृख-यन्र Aha ete दादे] cata खाटनां विषयान । २९२९ ॐ ९ want faery वेदि ctani छलि सामि wifa ata ofa ए्निन Sea नर्व जनक खट] कथ्‌] नथारेत्व SCS कयां खनि वान) संविन्‌ aiata | नान वांछ (क।लाषश्टन वृूश््ि वार्द्र षएटट्न MAI VCH SANS acs caf खक्मानि gas steta खानि ज] कति मनम) ATA | यपि खरे काट) tigi कट्टर HATA शख Sta गर्व भिव (ड) व्राखांट्द्र यमि étcm afaaray ay face विसषट्त्रि CAVA ख) टव] SAAT | aiqty wate ae ख]नांटवा ateaty श farsa gate afearca AGAR एष्ट टन SAR FYRA द्रगनि SCA TST NCA | खश्व-कखि-(जन्यन म cafe scm afer Agta निजांन Sica ata AeiRNwas sf ace एटन atta मानि (खट्न चवि sface Gra (कविं (नोक sata SASH TSF eT asa sca sAfss शनौ ख-जिखं वब) वत्र gfe ofa ख्िकात्रो atstem (मां गारे नड | Aa Say ८क।ठे। कटक CUTS OF ATI Wee (जग कांत fang faa csaqaqy (षि SISA AAT Ve ettfayal भिग। नरि | fanais (षयि कर्म नख catera र्म गख लोग cules व्रां AM-ARASCH AbotR aia Era . faafoa foe faetrta a ॐ wala gS stota wa far faaata shea मकन कृष्‌। कट्वर SATA | Cam JIS) HS) aha write CHAS! HATA नीं TS Masa | मृखा ofa (caaen) ofan ceartat BUN ASS जास्त Ty sy | कनो slay fra मथ ageq CHINA खबर Sl Aiea एकत्र | HS कष्टेन] casa यनम। विणमांन विटय वृकाट्व। जिगर हाटक] afeate ufe Saefe बरख! ce यनमा दम जन for यंहि गष्‌।कान Te | सिवान Ce त्रम] गनमा-ञद्रग CASBR SIC ACS uty मकन । afaty हाट af mea गख ahs catsca faa हेन Saints | HICH Sat ate cHfay spats fanats ऊर्म (कयि atest एगरकांवु कृष्‌ कङ्‌ ee वनिं fawn ब्रन कां किनि मर्व (वष्टना-कथन | afar खांनटन्‌ ACS खक्र-श्रुलङ्ि ARS (मयिट ety गांख-श्रूलव्रारिड | छनि एर कात्र ates यांनन्हिङ-मन (वष्ट छिन्न रे4 यांटेन ze Waa । मनक] | AY अछि Wel CVS-TiTF BS दाहेन wT 4 (कन वटव | यज BHA ररेन Hag निर्गमन Ow ग्द दष्व्र (अन Hef Vey जग | (जगन वान काट ट्रेन qafs (मब्रह्व निषि (कंटः शरूटष् जटा कत्रि | खट्ब्राक्नं गान्‌ २२१ Hfatey MEN एन यांननिख-मन MCAT UTS (तनां मटक Alera । नं (वदन्‌ CHCA (तव-यर््छि।न FS BI AA (ट्य एट्खव्‌ WAT | Aes for awIT गीयेत एकत्र na cafagy ate शंगटक Bag | ARTA CASA Alal cod Vai fafs AXA HAYS ace Shae यनि | CASATA SCS) SF टण्‌ rer cHis | विद्म wafe-afe Yee STi । foe Framta वटन मनम।-षएतुग (दन crfaa wis seq मर्वजंन ॥ > “Se (यांखन्‌ fag याट शतरिमव्र ASIA (डिमर) अन्‌ मटन AGT | विसम्‌ SUA Sa केवृ USCA शर्वङथमां (ए Cd यांकाट्न॑। fagaca coal शांत्व्र afacs यिम! यजि] क्विन्‌ क्र caanl Bea | Baa eee ally Gee) Baa यवौगनवौव्र AT मर्‌ SIS | म उग्रकत AH छे 4 SCF CE मांखट्यव्र काक व्यि WIT | खना टव्र श्ट्दि-निन्नि छांमिग्रं याट (कत्वेन AACA CATH CHAT ATRTA | ८काथांत्र AGCT CVT GAG ACH नक्त नक्र TS जौ HAMS AT | विष्व mea etal cotata थना एव SH वूमिट्छ ब्रहि चदिवाटम्‌। डव or aan मब्रिद भर्वन दिख fein वटन्‌ यन्मा-एव्रम ॥ २ र ou” AAA (कनः foal विरि नात Stora browita येनेडि sia Aca दिष्ट acer । fer af wey भच्रव्र (मव्‌ sty जरी नवि शर्वःखांडि नां मद्वि । ACT WAS! नाग छम्‌ Col यामांत्र Hy यनिक्रखं कांगटए्टवब्र Faia | Sat Secs Ag कर्म| हेन क्रिखि (खोमा व्र faatcw erg cam fasi-atfs | मांखटव Stfhal cry ai zarata मृष्ठा th शद्विं coy HAMA | satay मां ९९ ye (षद) ARTA व शत्रौ gates भिना wT | AS SASH Ha (वा-मतटन यि ङ्मि शूखं। कब्र पिद शरवौखटन | यि शून fron cal यनमा कमात AKA SCT मध्व्‌ CHASIA Bar | CHASTA ACH Tih HBA CHAT ataq Bsa) Sia निन aaa | खक्र। fay टेक pee wif मटशश्व्र गयन्मोटव्र ais कटव्र मखप्र-खशव्र | दमक शत्रव नां जान गहिय Sizicy clare च्रटर्भ नदेट्वन (छाम | वन a वृर्यिंहि नऽ विषयान (कानी क्च Sica ata शीव बशांखांन। यनि व] aaa न। शूक नचि टद (नाटकं (ने।क-ूःथ्‌ टेमटन खटा शख चुका 4 नुगङ्ि-ष्ख छ विशांटन ACS AH शं्रा-चंक] SIZ alse | AAS Ffaal aay qq Spay ques wats Sie ace किद्‌ वटन | TAA AE न qual Hace TI चटा कक्निनांद्र ces वटल (मां यारे खड | HAS मनक] VACA ARCATA CAG) WEA KH वटन मनका व्र ICH | BI दथु ACH BH ATMA AACA | HCA BISA Ae CHE AfSatea | CASA AHA ASI SSS माद्र wie ayant यौमि fafa क्रि काणं । ट्व BCH (वषनां्व वटम्‌ AAAS Sia मो नखि Gia Sits | Sq GMasia न elaa खनुञ्वन वाक (रयिरा चकि गनमा-एद्र | acm यमि एनि foo ara cata atc wry (म afeal कानि fea Steics ट्व ड CVS (नटन BHA AAC नोन। Garey शषा शूकिन थैटमाटम्‌ | खविनट्श विषश््रिर्रेन मांक्रांख निशम्‌ (वदनां दानि Bie Qe शं । भां foe नर afe हाटशव्र catatca खट्व (म faa (डम कश्िनि यांमाट्ब्र। caenta apa @निग्र! विसृहत्रि caceta मड (तकौ aRata कब्वि। (भैष TCT चख] मौ! तिटनन Siacw face कब्वि wits ae bicwa Bas | Sai छनि छौ म्रा एटन सविन | Sty मां att ay कत्रि यरशागष् | ८कांन tice Sy ates az fate शद्वि MS छटन MS foo नव Sty शङौ । SAS SES एटनं VHT Bins “et कर्के otfeaty Taras | ats fool ce shy Corey Ate नात afgr Bieta दाटव्र ATS जाट StF | CEM AAA TA OF FTA ata किदां षीट्क टम कृष्‌ ठ AW | rents दाक] oft गिन ates शिव शतम ofa गनम्‌-5३१। मर्व Te य।नमितर aay श्वनि IASI ACY Meal यष्िक-खननी | Bical Ay SNH चट्व्र मर्व शद्विवांतु शिव यनम।-श॑ष़ विवि ereta | AB जख Fa करि [थे] जख दांग pharm यां नटन चटव्र CASA STA | ANS TY ACH ACH मनक। (दि aay afeatiy नदेन eat frat | atfers atfocs bier ofan खट भट मं YH (दिन atata द्वि fers | एनि ary (वन Naty BasAst मांनटन्‌ शूखिव्‌ aay यनमा क्म | atatfafy ato दाटणं are कोञिट्खि acm शिं कूमग्ःकुम Qo व्रांकश॑प्व | fy za युवक coface यांटेन stay कनिन्‌! मनक्‌। ब्रानि may aaa छ्रां ATA 2290 यनमा-शरेकाव्र शंन sca यदकं विष्टि भग्र खांटन मनमांब्र वाब्रि। sala कर्कि कूट atface चां, शाख ननम जान धूर्व BL याय नान मत्क UT Tee विष्‌।५ खां द्रि gals मक्र नए (तोमब्रि भूक | मृष मापन वाल्क काशमा Sasi मानि (वनि कमि मित्र Seca काकान्‌ | aye शद्ध॑नतनि (पस्‌ Tats यांनटन नाशिक यख छट alee | धुर एषि sq) cafes प्रभं फन्‌ मान श्रूं जांनिन कमन BAT | gia महदिव (गब यांमि cw गैट्ड ata छर्नम्‌ वाज कन विट | बि एब यांजिग्णन (षथिट्छ कूनाद्र faces oe गिन चत्र GHz | CBT (द्‌-दिकं aH मश्विषाटन यञ्च #एट निक्त राक fetta श्रीघ्न ॥ 2 दत्राणि चरन कत्रि नृशददत्र विषटियं वमन शैष OMA BCA थक्ंगन SAH BUTCHIB] BCH NTS शक्र शी aetacs वमिन्‌ ates | AAT Cora शि AIA Tia Sie me (द afer विषांटन aries शान क्ब्रि शकण ददर वात्रि ATA शरूटणं अक-गटन | २७० मनमाविकग् ag यप्र मनमांकूमांत्ौ गिरिमांत्र न) वुकि CR (काव (कम्‌ (म AA CHA CHACHA BCA ALS BIA | र्कद्राति ays ag uly कनक wey (व्‌ fey atta भूलाद्र ata ofa A aq यब्र af नानां र्वि STSS ABTA | fag मन nfacwica SYA BM ATH ata afaaq aaafs ARAS Wate यड FCA BAe omi-ace ठनिन atafs | eita afer (अस्‌ afanta afar सखन न BATA SAF fos qaea sia खडि Bea AAAlS श्रुनट्क OTF AY HH | Sia (खा) fesa-zer निदअंन-मर्‌)ट्डख। aay छूतरिनि योहि-मांर। cra fafa qarsetal (म्व cota डानि fate fafa fafa fa ets | ay Bgag ala Byers ay खानि aig Sifa acaq निनब्रा sata cages] कानिषटङ्‌ arte cates easeta (aarlaia aia | खनाटम्‌ खानेन FS विश्वत्‌ रतु गृ सिषे fra विवष्त्रि acai catca गव्विद्ाग दिश विनाम नान SSSA A AIA ॥ 3° Sas SEF AAls arate SAF wy As Aq FEB क्षश्च AH ICH | यटम क ataica ङण acy हाटशा ater खट्डा नागेश Yee Hey नातिन नानां दिषि estes warm शग्र-शरूख। | STA BAI Yow ata TRA | AIT SSS Ace xin छव्ररकांद्र ait ofaaica शरै नाहि यांएे CATA ats Sara cer सङछिक-कूयात्र | wife cots fefeal yfecen यवटशैटव्‌ | ara भीन दषा दद Caf BE een faquly caai feces btewica (गांरनक्रम्‌ श्व्रि। atatay यभङ! तु ale arate कूः कूम-क्द्वि-शक्ष sty पम्‌ fA | fafoa aaa भवि ara ipl SBIT™ CHAS मनमाकूमात्रौ | Batty ACT Ag SSAA shy wT कान CAB Bie श्छ धरि | ge a fica ge शकोश्रूनि निष anfeca fret creat केवर et fia | cafem मक्नट्य ate मश्रिन cata HSH YAH GH ANAC (नांएन | HABA (क्वौ वटन कटक) यै कि cota asle [aa] vita नत्॒श॑डि | कटवार Bice satay Aca favatea SH TE Gil STS CHE मर्ाखांटन। शन YH STASI WAI मट्‌ fasta कव्रि atay एन्णैक-नशवु | ममगरश्तम्र HAL CHM) यक्रौ कात्र ane caaal faca मकनि (खगवर | Sea Grew वटन fey fasifaa वागी खट्यानिमडव) इमि गाखानवांभिनौ । व्रद॑-र्ट्व्र शत्रवो sath मनन। भ॑ष्रावो नाशौ छत्र्काद्र-शेद्ौ नाम शङ्ि-मन्कग्री। faqafy छा श्नि दिशा बिङ्दन गरंखान रिन्‌] acy (कव्‌ यिटन)एन | Bay asta नाम गोंखानकृयात्री नात्मन NSM नाम देन ACPA | catcatat गेवगट्यांतरिनौ यनाकिनो HITS गर्वो नाग MASA HAY | Gla कट) Fa-cwrtey Bea faraway aa निन्‌। Cay मूर 4 नाने कषन | AVS CACY Bea Batatata (ह स-निन। cq atte ete यामा cafenl एटा व eis oe विसि atfary कटक व्र fret af ofa | ङ्।गि aerate Coal हटा Tes सयर्दिक् coal (मयौ ब्रशिटिनं (कोटक ॥ खट्व are यढ शरम frre विशांटन यख्ठ-म) तकं पिन! FCS BAT | qantas dice SHH मटन।-कुङ्‌षश्टन aranca men Sica गविनत्र caer | cam sicm faaefa aay 25a fas विथ म वटम्‌ TARN-5s4 I d3 विशेषौ कटश (वहन्‌ aifs चन्‌ ब्राग शर्व WA छिन ef cical इमि मूक वद्र fees यामि टव (कटन B'S (RAIA | 285 २७२ मनमांविकस् coferay मव fie T-17 कब्र oxi मटै BAI ACH (गना | wey यगि ee मूक माप्रागोटणे Fe युक CATS निं कम्र) पिनां (रन) खविकर वमद (वाट्न कां्ट्व्र (वषग! टन CHCA खनमनब्र कट्वर ङ्मि वै गनां रिमांट्न . facta दुद्ांग्रा। मटन खामांट्जा मश्र्डि खछांट्व्‌] खयि | ट्व छ ABN AS नि्ट्ड छाकिम्च] शख Tey जकन कब्र fea af cra कब्र ge ८क fraafy TPH HST AAA | (स्ख MAT SCH मन CHE PR-ACF शर्वो Sian शान CHE ANTE BAM खक कर्मशोटने रटे दक्र छ्य yoy Cay मिशन | AAA TAA At facta Fars FA ea ay निखा व्र-कं तभे cofe face cne-atay विट्सु मनम।-नब्रा विन SAS नगम । नचिनाटब्रत्र श्रि युद्धि caer! मी विणोग्र रदेन शूतीखटन खां गेनांत खट्टा कथ्‌! गटख्टे Flay SAH wife aie मश्मांत्रवक्टन | गग) eter ata Saou नारि sty Sas wal विष्गांटन xfs gets etce यनम। Biren ace खाश्शिट SSM GSK es | wafer ace Oty Cae cretia ota cafam वाटश॑त्र Besa FICHICG Way मनम।-षएव्रट भत्रि भांज्रा-८मांद वट मकां्त्रि | caret नन) 20 (कटनक FTE क्ट्वा ae CATA दांग-षद्र cafe यरि cae con (मनानि HEI MES काव भ्म atfe fra afanca यांभिव्‌ wafh | (ववि मनम। छि at qe fale fauta facaa eaface निद्र micas cet = afer छूत्रिनि-रभं fas faomia faafsre ॥ ४९ एव्र धान त्रि यत्र firs निरा USE CVU Ae दरेप्रा शतरमिर | शौनमि वि arate facay cata मर्नीषाट्ड Cae गडि काट ca ate atcea aotca fer ated camel mate CHET MAS (गाए BPrifars (वन ateatfaceay गिदव गव Wd SBI Ht | areal ath ata ater catatet कट्वु शैव्नै८्ड क्‌ ऽन विष्खि FCA | SUCH BO ANS (वन ATH बाग Catia aca fara Hace BT (कोटक afital ata etfs aif शनि form नाहि ara corel eta टमि cater | aay जावर शत्रौ मांनन्ि-मन मिश्ट्नाष्‌ “face fous चलन | अखि इनि att प्मिव। ofa (श्म eter छक्र] areal योदेटन। Mea | Racy ® कणि Sle नत्र Ay (रिप्रं gata ant wie cate ea | mere cre gee एरिर षूतिनि अथर (हरिगर ce माोद्दट्व षद्रनि | ठन हन कटि cote दूति छूतिनि (र्थं देह यहि कटि अरु TT Veo Coral एश! (वि (मदे (गक उेगजिन्‌। aicaa कनन (एमि (वहन wast शृद्षटमर fa सूमिढ qari | वांशं छि TH षट cafe फां new gem हिक (कौन fray हांदाए्न। (वना ACTA TB TE एः AE aragaca faa ager Hae | at ay नशांहे (वरन afi (महै खिन चर्म भृक्-भष मनम। (मवहे | देखशर्ौ रेट चामा एशोघतर थानिन शूक) (द्‌ TATRA यद्र एदनिन | ang मष मनम Chace (धगम खानि ger टेकष् HAYA ATS शिम | Fate AZ MI EIS STAC ठाद दृहिव नि चानि (टशैवव । ye शूरौ शादे are थानन्‌ चांतर क्द्रिल sata yen दिवि aera are NEM ACT कारे Ares Fanta Ten QR ACTA (शप्र | एनिन awl wife vfaow eam मा-पा HN ACS BITS CUPS | २७8 Bins wer fa TAA (शीतर हाट afa ङनिन | होटव्र 44-77 | at tarzan fren इव्िड-नयन एटकद्र निमिटव्‌ cael Sc ङ्वन | अनिक्रण Gay fre दन रिण्माघ्न मना शूखिन दे दिविषं विशन | garfe छाङकि यट wool विष्णव TICS नानं कटय] shaq fasts | ABCA Baarife say tyra निकल Sal नदेन MTN शान | AP-SB गरं qe टकन शुव्र-धोव्र जकन (पव AF GISTs | afaey Ca खि कबिन aicret aca faa At ooty eface | say atts aife gera कींकाट्न cafera arian gee खोद मनिटन | qa (ofan gee जामि नारं कृटमं cela fra यावर टेकन (र्नकाटन्‌ | Gel Sea Stee fren aera sface frets mre मनम। STFS | (षव[] AHA ट्व ] opysca Facey gals Werte yy afaca यां कांट्गै । fas fro sich ace ge aA अनमात वकष] छेन AIGA | (भे उन OC STA ATA गलन धन AH AAAS MSH कृशन | मादे Safe (खदा ata a गाजर AAA AVA STN नारि मर्नख्ब्र। Seats aay ea (दौ विषब्रि CHICA CSLATA नुंख। टेन TSA | र्व Sel SE CHA रेख विषमांन raid यकम fee विशाम ate ॥ aT faery sy . यद्ेमक्तना ay ox वियष्द्रि जगर-ग्रशतरौ Sera चत्र Tel AecBcwe Bie छन CH यदश (नाक VEN थक-मन यष्टेयक्षन। Be देख fasts | BAIA खमि कर stacy atlas afsce न ates cata बिना एत्रिड | wy कट acest cHfacs निदभन afr नांखानधूत्रौ Strata काद्र | ey fap शिख) विशम ala जट्व oe मखु (महे निद्रन रित्र। शरूर्वट्ड AAS! fora Bales FT BAA WA LEA ठेननौ | Si Beal afasica sates afaai sorta sf act atafas zeal | waists जदि aay vty fra Sits विष area oem गिव FicaitHa Sica | क्लोटव्राष-यणटन SB BIS SFA र्द crane Stet afacy Sf | Shaq विषम विष fasta aeza खर! UST Besa acai विटगांषएटटन | SY निव्रक्नन Bcal र्ट्व्रव्र Gfesi cetata जौदटन cee कव्रिव afeut जन fea (मरे Sal (त्रटगां fas टन CHAT WA FS न] STH WAT | च॒ सामि stelece शव्र-वौषी णेटन (महे गरा रौद यामि after नाराटन | foray गटङ्शद्र मटन यांदेन Sta शद षान कत्रि fren catca free recs | THAITA CAML AR BCAA SPAey विट्माषएन Seo wR मां र व्र-गणटन्‌ | sam Sf orm (षव बिटगाषएन AAs थांमित्रां at sate owes | शींश्रव्शटणे शद्विकिर एमन नर्नीषाप्ं म्ारछ FCA खटर्मभ्र छात्र VG | ewe महिटर (छांग ह्निन alate यङ्िक-क्य।द़ Ny ¶21@}९ उरि | Sas माजि्र। नदेन हाट्वव्र या मर्नमय-पणनागं AT यदा इंडि | ffs चूण etifay माबरा-यवसापवर यंपेट्य व्राथानश शृकिनि Baie | र्‌ मन-ह्८गन Tal शूक व्र ACY Se SECS य॑ व्रि बालू-मानू WA | चवि खटनक sfag Sta tal SI ATA नरष bicata खान ets | eal yrafa वपि धना-गन। निषा दरिनाम हएताव्र शू wen fray faa छिन खर्म यनिक्रम ठेव] (मद्व (नाद्व उव HS SBCS कीशेश WSC | ote याम्‌ 1S BRA AA) FAT कशे नूनङि Stemi wig शठ | Fracotca Btcwl व्रण WS SIA ay crater wica चानि terra | छामा नृणि gare मशूक्तर॒ ट्र aty उटम्‌ Stewl मनिन्‌ fess | कू८न एूनि aa atal cat Fea (कटने टेनन नब्रन॑रि ara Stil | mae caani Ce Ge aca विग्र (रक एनिन ye मदवाद्व faa | यहद ६।८१। CUI! AAA CFA Rat-atca aaa WAUTS CAA | ` (दह्‌ यां कःय ऊामि quae नगा यायावर निकट act Catan शिर | मान ब्रह (वना (माहिन मृ arcs गचिनव्र चिप्रारेगरा हनाम ब्र | Canty ह छां ट्र हिना म चिप्र कानि मठ fom िनाम giant | सत्राणि शन्‌ मारु fom aca शूरण यृर-धूपर गहे (तनव वहा (भन रषिर LEH | मृख-शूमौ शाशा ated इत्रिद-यदव्र alam यामाद्र शूक विविद rere | AMS CAR YOR ATACS Slava SI Vira Sx atai frente atfag | faa aay (मिग) कन्व faa ats Bataan getca airy शर्भविम। निगु) (षट्वद ated ठव्वि-गन SNe ABTA CFA MATA भूमन | oe zeal विवश ace CHa Ba Salary frm क।टन भित Pie | 4 मव्‌ APL कथ्‌ OCA CHT छन धृन-छन दुर ङ्म fen विनांगन। af शटैघ्ठ Sy SLA ai Ba विनाम Be sicy Wea We CATA TAMA | aries देशाट्ड ace दिष्ट ate ofica ५ wahig खजं मोमा | cH aa tata वठ tia a Theale nde faqefa orate Ate | शरन atata (द्व ai fica AHA व cw Ses cara A ABA | छरा कना} co corata दरु Ate गटनानोर वाक of sacs मादे । धरे & STAT म्वा BITE छंर णना alia कद्र yf aces कंगना | अहे (र AAA म्वा एवम HS (नाक aries ace (जन (कोन दःकै(नौक] ata वन मर्दन एन्‌ निख ध गनमांगक्रन्‌ NS माब IS पवर | श्वि विथशांम aca Sian धनि macs शवर (यन उव ACH डि ॥ ॥ हण गनांत्र eae Ae Fate | २९५८ VARIANT READINGS I |. Only inC,D. 912 Only in D 2. 1-13 Only nC, D. 1-2 D acei/acki. 4 feacate wtet.12 D यैष रमक. 14 A begins from this line. 28 After this Bb begins with the following interpolated lines: ग्य यङ्क ॥ उक्णि ahs र्त्र Teta AC | मां श्द्रव्र Wat खटङेवम खश sfrata जंटने Stal दरेत्शिनि wa | Shay Sthaet खांनिग्र] यद्नि tae HAT शष गांरेन उथेनि। fagaca cea छांटन sata afer - | रिषि विरू टेल यामि न ater यदिमा | fsfes मिया वृकि atta नेकौष्व खषण़व्रि MITE शका गक Sry | 31 Ba sly. 3. 1A रिगशीत्रि- 4 4, Bb, Cgafam. 5A, Bb ea for Cem. 6B iq for नेक. 8 Ba tq (मष Seb cea. 11 A, 0 agen, Ba year, D yeeni. 12 A यक ote. Ba afera sre, © afer sata. 13 A, Ba मनीनाग atracs. A fbr. | 27 The MSS almost always read gfaatat for affara. 36D atcaca for atc#ctS. 28 From this line up to the fourth line of the next verse Ba has a lacuna. 4. 2C couwa. 12 Ba, 1) दक्नि. 14D “aq (छांनिनौ. 16 A जि, Ba fers. 17 A wa व्ल, Deoxag. 26 A, C atgun ( or वाजा). Ba नगरूणा।, D नांद. 27 Ba, ©, 7 वाल cata. 28 A omits this line. B, © D छाय (or sty). D aa for Hey. 35 A मकल for ~~. 36 A, Ba, D ca\coa चनक्र. 38 A alfa, Ba fafafe. 5. 3D सया 18 Ba, 0, 7 agarq. 22 A wate. 29 60, 7 wg गेन fegiq. 30 Ba (जन ace aft. 36 Ba, 7 ee (टम. 45D वकलिजि (always). VARIANT READINGS 237 6. 1 7 कथनना fem. 2D ony यांकाद्र (नायः fae (वाखिगरूखिमम्र 8A, Dgb gh. 107 लोर {ण कष. A, D aqfor कब्र. 18D नांड्न (also later). 29. A, B aces for युटखतु. 7. 1 A सनं for छन. 3 Bray for टन (always). 6 B,C sta. 7 A, Ba, © fagfegas. 9. 807 cafaca for (रिराः 13 B acqfor उव्‌. 19 A ख) ङ्िटक्रव, Ba afecsy, 0 यटिट्क्द, D यांशिटण. 20 Ba खन (रथि्र. 10. 5 C,D atcas. 11. <1 Cette. 90 fafafaa, D faatfas. 16 Ba enraca fap थादेग aaa afew. 27 Ba atest e494 CAs मन. 28 A “Mata qa. 13. 8 Dagaiage. 11 Data am seora षदे gre ate. 20 D wala. 21D zaxat. 22 7 em. 56D faaatce. 58 7 Sfan BaF srafrg कट्वर tg. 14. 2 7 काणं णमा. 4 88, 7) caatfe. 116, 7 +य 12 D विट्‌ for facafy. 17 D भिव 0८ fra. 18 C, D ara. 15. 3D sacs. 106, D atfrg. 13 Ba, D मूषक ( always ). 16 कूमनि (always). 26 ©, 7 ecaq. 23 D aq atfy. 30 Alter this 6, D have two additional lines : gas कँग॑एनि wa sfag faite aft etal aticecs (अस्र D) gate cre पान। 38 A, Ba at tex. 39 Ba cats for acm. 45 A, Ba ayia ately जन अरन्‌ अमन. 16. 20 C Daal खष्िक्‌ बनमात्र व्र. 17. 10 Ba जनि, D जानि for af. 12 Omitted in Ba. 13 D निवन्‌. 18. 23 7 वामक (always). 24 Ba, 0 atatace for atace. 27 A, Ba corety for Reta. 38 A मनि, Ba aqatfr, D मन्त. 19. 1 A, Ba कानि, © ate. 5 7 ख्व ary. 8 D यायाट्क्व्र मर्म. 12 7 (ज कात्र. 13 A, Ba, ¢ afaty यथन 14 ^ न, Coa, D भग्र for owe. 17 A,C,D fay. C,D eeu foretg, 22 4, 7 aftatie. 23D wacs. 25D निदांमि. 31-A aca. 34 A, Ba, C ceg. 20. 10, 7 efeata for करि यामि. 2D (ककरन. 3 D छकरष्छवां (always). 9 7 wea for (हन. 15D eta. 48 7 stfes. 60 ^, Ba, 0 करित 54 ^ 238 MANASA-VIJAYA षिन, 55 D शंन (always) 107 त्रान. 57-58 This Couplet is lacking in D. 59 seca (always). 61-62 D gatstca/etetez. 21. 6A, Ba, © fea. 13 D facaay. 16 मश्च (almost always). 26 ©, D 96 नारि ecb (C yb) TE. 22. 6 ^, Ba,C Harz. 15 Ba afatea, ¢, D खांनिटन्‌. 19 Ba wen, ¢ यांकन्न, Dacey. 21 yf5s (almost always). 31 Gq (almost always). 45 Ba ख।भिट्र facay catca Crm atatace/... acwcwe. A, ¢ facate for fara. 46 Ba गटक्शट्ड. 50 शूनक्रशिं (generally). 62 ©, D eq for नाट. 63 ©, D fecaa. D नाखि. 64 D शीशेव्द. 65 © खषटब्र. 23. 6D een, क[ननङ्वधन. 7 ^ cafes comma. 7 ate 14 A ata, ¢ यामि for ary 16 A, CD किङिःन्‌. 35-38 These two couplets are locking in Ba. 43 ©, D मल्क. 44 After this Ba has the following additional couplet : ननाठेव्र WH दत्र यांम। रुजिघ्रा. (डांग एष्‌ ब्रक् cap पिन गोरर. 45 4, 0, 7) र्रर for com. 46 © यांजिटक. II 1. Ba नेग्राव्र. 2 Ba faa for याभि. 10 Ba aie for sf¢. 11 Ba acura}. 13 Ba pafe for ayfs. 28 0 stata, D srqq for stafa. 30 Ba ¢teta, © (भाबर, D stteq. 31 A fea. 2. 11 Ba facq afe fate for fas gafe. 30 1 मव्रग Gay कम. 44 Ba wal wa). 49 A, Ba wfaai 4७ te, C fe feu eff 4७. 50 0, D एक. 51 A, Ba aca टन (कनि. Ba (कनाटगनि, C, D (रूनाटफनि. 3. 2 Ba विन] ठेननौर fy. 24 D भिक्खा. 35 D ae etraca for cate यैव्वनि. 50 1 acaqy. 52 A 0, 7 हिटनन. 55 A aqui, ¢ कलक] for कनक]. 59 D fegz ( 2111080 ४188 ). 62 ^ qe, el for as). D ates ay. 63 A, Ba, 0 cwafareey. 4. 4D aca cota fafa. 5. ^, 0, 7 afore. 21 Ba, 0, 7 गर्वं (almost always). 24 Ba suet कद्रिण दांग वद्ूकींव्र Bey. 37-38 A, Ba, © aygce/Swace. 50 A, C cater for Sc. 53 Ba Satfeu, D conta. VARIANT READINGS 239 7. Ba गंगर 7-10 These two couplets are missing in Ba. 8 D ym intatem. 14 1) vate sity ety. 19 4, 0, 7 atraq. 20 D aca form, A, Ba, D acatacea, गष्वटव॑व. 24 Ba, C, D crate. 25-26 Ba apetca/carty क्रि ge wip गखिग fefere. 30 Ba, ¢, D (कनिन ate. 36 D wta ददि खौ वटन. 8. 4 Ba ey (विग्र) मघ्व eta उव्रांग. 5-6 4, ¢, 7 मकन्‌।मकत्र. "9 A, Ba, ¢ qaca. 23 C क्थिंनांटव aca भ्र, D कभिननाँग्र Acs रश. 9. 6 Ba aaa, D नानक. 8 Ba भौमं for (छागां. 16 Ba fafeca, 1) निकीष. 10. 2 Gel ( almost always). 3D ofata शाद. 23 D ata. 58 Ba (क्वद्णवौ for (शि क. 11. 3-6, 31-32 Ba omits these lines. 7 C छव्‌, D coty. 13 1) खनि. 22 ^+ महष. 25 Ba, C, D we गछ. 12. 2D द्वन cate. 7D fanaa. 15 A, Ba, C @afafe for खननौ. 16 A, Ba fal wta. 33-34 A, Ba, C ca/facag. 37 D reads here ३ faqant यथेटन मक्न Qeafs. 38 7 ateicy. 39 A, Cawty. 44 ^, ¢ aera. 13. 7 Ba वांश्कि aca (कोङ्टक. 9 A wight, Ba stefH, C म्नि. Ba, ©, D bicaaufe. 18 A वषि Gacy feta. 19 ¢, ए यानन for यानान, 24-27 These lines are omitted in D. 39 D कमन ( always ) 14. 11 7) (कब {07 (कमन. A, Ba (कमन Gatra afa for ee (गालव (षवशव्रो. 12 A, Ba, Cagior acu. 14 A दृक]ष्टन, Ba, 0, D वका टन. 16 0 ea, D aq for acy. 21 A, Ba, D fara. D ata. 23 ¢, D नगक. 15. 6A, Ba निव for cay. 9 D ware atra. 14C,D वषि. 29 A, D रुष्ट. 30 D ata कांन fea टन. 32 Ba eats, 0 ceaty. 35 ^, 0 efacg. 41 A wate, ए, C «हे श्टाटन. [1 1. 10 D ga. 2. 6 A, Ba, © तख] for व. 9 ¢, 7 zg. 16 ¢, D fagaa गशोमटक्‌. 18 A खाट्‌ for wicy. 24 Ba a= for yf. 26 52, D विनि cacy. 31 ^, Ba जव for ट्व. 41 0, D facaz. 3. 34 88, D yeqz/aey. 6 A, D मव्‌ for yam. 7 Ba, © afaa for यामन्‌. 11 ©, D कानि for कत्रि. 23 Ba, C qq. 25 Ba, D gery. 12 6. 240 MANASA-VIJAYA कद्रिटन, D दिन्‌ for शुखिनि. 22C,D कटव्रङ {07 श्र. 24 D नागरा for areal. 31 D cuvafe. 32 C, D cag. 5. 6 D ata at. A, Ba afeq भैषि for afuy (कणि. 8°C, D (यौवन. 9 ¢, D (णोदन यत्र. 11 D गरखा दर (always). 12 D छनि for छन. 6. 5 Ba, D चर्व. A, Ba ata catscy. 9 C, D aq qas Hay. 10 D खांनांव्‌। arara. 7. 5 Ba saa, D नट for atucq. 7 C, D waz for aeq. 8 C waz atza कटे. 14 Ba, ¢ नोनिव. Ba ce ata faces fas. 19 D gana. 8. Ba sata. 8 ¢ aiffa, D यांनिना. 11 A कटन नि, C stew इनि, D कांक्नि. 17 D एदि. 22 A, ¢ कक्््टन्‌, D कक्षरभौ. 42 Ba गरददटड AAT AA कब्रारेन पत. 9. 2 C, D faarea खोरि. 3 Ba विष, C,D wtafor sta. A,C,D farcry for छेन. 4 ^, ¢ शटमक् acy. D aaa acy. 5 D नाँमट्वर for विमृटवा. TDar ca. 8D cru fata. A, 0 (कामन for (कवन. 9 D aca विष्‌. 10 A, C, D ama (र्न. 12 A, Ba, C यार्क्‌ for wigs. A मूक, Ba p¥4, D owe for aye 18 D नाटव्र. 22 A, Ba ata. 10. 12 © ataty. D sata. 20 A, D faca, © fan for वरि. D afeata (rhyming with तदनेन ). 25 D abe for कर्के. 26 A, © qa, D army for afy. 29 © cory, D care for carey. 33 A, D वटनन. 39-40 B arfa/ teal जर फनि. 48 Ba fasyz an, D विव aca am. 49 0 तीर. 49-50 Ba, ¢ favatca/faatca. 51 Daitsta. 52. atfza. 58 Ba मनमांव्र aq. 65 Ba, D कृङिगि।. 1. 1 ^, Ba कट्व्र 07 शवर. 16 D भि for भिक्षि. 18 7) रियतांटव. 12. 39 नग्राद. 2 A अडख्विक्, D यष्द्विक्र. 4 Ba (ग मात्र यशश. 86 faestca, D निज xq. 10 Ba विगान, 0, D aata for विषां. 18 This line is wanting in Ba. 13. D रेगन ७ ate att. 4 A वनि are यांदेभरात्रटण 9 A, Ba, D मैक. 19 D aay. 36 ¢ attafy. A, Ba, ¢ डति द्रि 44 Ba दानि, ©, 7 stafa. 47 D cea for cea. 14. 2,9,11 0, D stafs. 8 A, Ba यत्न. 96, D कटव्रन. 12 Ba एकन). 15. 5 D yemta. 22 7 atcay fancy. 25 A, Ba ¢ छदनं for मृषन. 33-36 These lines are omitted in Ba, 37 D जांनिन्रा. VARIANT READINGS 242 17. 5-8 This coupletis locking in A. 12 A, Ba, © छाकिन. 17 This line is lacking in A, Ba, C. 23 C, D tq af>. 22 Ba <दछिग्र] ख।दटेट्व. 24 A q74, D gatéa. 39 C करिव, D az for ofas, IV 1. 10D वक 4tq. 12 D Axr7IZ. 15 D eaacwita, A, C sateen Ba ewacatct भांश ae याषशिनि sete. 18 A, C, D asfeca eee. 30 A, ¢ यानष्. 34 ¢, D atca Ay fata. 2. 4D afer. 16 D यामि for aff. 19 A, ८, 7 गड गख. 20 A, ¢ ॐनिनोग वणु दिऽ, D छनेनोम eal विक. 35 1) नख न गि. 3. 64^,0, 7 ces afy cataiy. 7-10 Omitted in D. 12 Ba yaxat sieacs alata. 14 A cetaty, Ba रदे for (छाया. मांत्रकताव्र (always). 16 Ba, ¢ oa, D नारा. 18 Ba atéy व्यंगा मर्‌. 19 Ba चठ wes wa गढ. 21 A, ¢ खट्व मव Bata, D wea (म काद्र 22 A, € otfaca, Ba Si fora. 25 A, ©, D MATH जप SCS टदे] SAT, 4. 4Ba wars, D ata. 6 Ba मकेन for afey. 17 Ba रिट 22 A, Ba, © gcew. 25 A ends here. 34 Ba a कव्वि. 45-46 D agai/afani. 51 Ba Bea, 0 opaty. 35 ©, D कत्रिल. 39 Ba aefg. 41 D ठेर श. 42 Ba atataca. 43 Ba fray ( often ), D fae (often) for yas. 47-48 Ba aps ae Baca जाव ofam/feca facaca पौन arte कब्ि्रा. 49 Sef. 50 Ba wiface aracd. 54 © Fanta कब्रिन face (ना fra cry. 58 D दांख। ae कटर faqy. 59 D (यात छेडक्कनं ASA. 5. Cpt. 5 Ba arts xe aa tes Gar. 6 Ba frwtacer. 8 Ba atcara गांगन era नश्य afeoy: 9-10 Omitted in Ba. 11 B सकरन Chat CI a7a fees. 25 D way for खथ. 30 1 (नसि afety. 60 D cea for क्षर. 61 Ba, D शूद्रा. 6. 5-6 Ba दूरे खटन।जन्रिगटन. 7 ©, D atafaa मर्ककटन. 8 ©, D कच्चि for कब्र. 12 Ba (खन a. 21 Ba निखाट्मौक. 30 D निगम्‌. 7. 2 Dfol. 36 B ends here with the scribe’s signature followed by a foul impzecation against himself, as magic (“Agacra जन्तौ म।युटऽ” ). 9 D खाति eatatfa vy. 31-32 Ba कमन्‌।/गेषरन,. 8. 5 2 मर्ख, 7 मद (always). 40D stfy पिटट्ड ten. ७9 242 MANASA-VIJAYA 9. 1-6 Apparently an interpolation of a singer-scribe. 8 Ba, ¢ cya चङि. 41-42 Wanting in Ba. 43-44 Ba hasinstead : छोकरां कटि भूनि fawaz/feay छिक् iz ङ्मि कष्‌ न। aya. 46 D Hates. 50 D रषि ate (ट्व. 55 D afaq ates. 61 D faxes}. 65 Ba ख।भिख (शशिन faoata, 68 Ba छं (नाकि. 71 Ba युं for fae. 76 Ba, C acu for cay. 79-80 Wanting in Ba. 83 Ba खदुक्षान छन. 85 Ba acaatcey. 89 Ba GG, C ae for Sry. 90 © afer, D विनि for afgq. 96 Ba wigs (ख मूनि. 97 D 6 afy for निव. 101 D yeas. 167-108 Wanting in Ba. 110 Ba cota, C cso for cats. 10. 12 D gaal ata. 24 D poate. 25 D afta. 27 Ba चि for teal. 28 Ba निर्न wey. 47 D fasten. 48 Ba, C safe. 7 मन. 49 Ba qi. 50 C SIT4 9TH. | ll. 7 Qatt ७ cat. 2C, Dawfe. D sajna. C eae. 8D acs. 9 Ba, C मनमांरमसौ. 12. 67 नाष नोच. 11 Ba wera. 15 °C, D ztataty. 26 D area. 40 D सवि. 45-48 Wanting in ©. 50 ©, 7 कद्वट मण. 54 Ba 4हे AC (राम) Hata रेव Sta, D 4s yyaca cttentecs Paste. 13. 1 7 ater. Ba afe atataiy छनि aft stay. 6 Ba atca/atca. 8 Ba qeleca. 11 C नां (थन. 14. 1 Ba qe. 4 Ba ataty शदेन ae stata cet. 17D fae aca ea वू oft (कन ववृ. 18 This line is lacking in Ba $ it was also missing in the original of Ba as the scribe comments here ( “ वक नैह ate”, fol. 25b). 21 Deeg. 260,Dare. 28 Ba sry. 29D care. 30-31 Lacking in Ba. 34 (छात्रा omitted m Ba,C. 36 D गोटी. 39 © ating दभमिन Sct मनम cantca. 41 Ba नागन, C नांजवांलौ. 43 29 श ग्राव. 48 ¢ stata. 61 C कष्टे tenl, D geal शे. 69-72 Lacking inC. 7170 छिन. Ba C डिवि fastca. 74 7 otraa. 76 Ba, 7) atfea. 84 Ba Bw ye. 15. 3 Ba य] रेन efacg. 40, 7 छादि atetaecy. 50, D दटगन soty. 8 ©, 7 चज. 21-56 Ba has instead the following lines ina different metre: yt af fem wee शक्षथन्यं yy wit Frage ofa etcetera विभाग रांखन। कत्रि tore विवषत्रि खि anf coq yet मक्र खख्व्र खाद Bers a fea cad ace यांमांव्र वन व्रणं रुदविद carca रथं हिन ery MA cory नादे SPIT | VARIANT READINGS 243 विष्टि afeal aife गिरि eicates कद्वि Grice विष्टि भिक्ष-छांग wea wea MW) नान यार Coal CHT कद्रद्र ब्रायन | ata to seer ates Hie मक्टल वट्ठोनष्यर CHE Borat नखि safe efe are मव कमणि (तथा) (पवौ त्रपिर cen | ` Bteatcaca feces aa ace शर कव्रिजउ्व॒ वियम्‌ विद्रषिङ ॥ (fol. 267). 22 7) कुमगगक्ष. 39 ¢ द मनौ तमत्र. 16. 17 7 जर्मन. 21 7 हैमन. ४8: हमोन. 2४ 0, 7 उवन. 24 C कदिघ्छ, D faces. 25 Ba (व्ाणिषा, C, D कत्रित्रा. 29 Ba fara, D fata. 34 Not in Ba ; the scribe comments: वक oR नाहे. 38D fafa crica. 42 ^, D जष्टयिन, 49 Ba niviea, 7 एंशदेगर. 17. 6 Ba, 0 भिम मिहि. 10 Cataga. Ba मगन catete (तारे. 11 Ba affea qui/efaa Gal. 7 गामि gat. Basitfay. 12 D agar Baie ast. C here puts in the number 21 ( of the names listed ). 13 D wWywral sfraai. C,Daata. Ba cratal. 14 Ba yxa, C afea. D here puts in the number 28. 15 Ba, C eats, D grate. C, D put in the number 32 here. 17 Ba मातरि, C मद्वि. Ba afm केकि, C मारेनि (अशनि. 18 Ba faq tara. C,D putin 40 here. 19D रन्‌ मांश}. C,D (नोनार. 20 ¢, 7 put in 45 here. 21 Ba नविष्टिवि. Ba wtaai. 22 Ba aia, C saz. C, D put in 60 here. 23 Ba पूना. 24 ©, D put in 56 here. 25 Ba नन ay. 26 Ba atfra किव (भौम, D afeq. 27 Ba afq for afa( or व्रि). Ba faq. 28 Ba eae. ¢ corate. C, Dnote 75 here. 29 Ba af मोषीत्. D gaa. 31 Ba apy, ¢ gem. Ba iffy. 32 Ba जनिन Fraga, C afaafa aga. ¢, D put in 92 here. 34 C, 7 put in 99 here. 18. The name of the melody occurs only in D. 1 D Saas. 20, D, aeaq. 5-6 Ba ata/atce वमिग्रा atta. 7D fg. 10 Ba (वकारा com ity. 14 Ba faa चल fey. C,Dfeg 150 @tfaa. 23 Ba, D atacas. 24 0, D cae घाटे दमि. 25 C, D atcatfean. 27 C, D arf (always ). 29 Ba कांशूनि. 32 Ba cate मास्व. 35 D fegatfa. 36 ©, 7 cca gfe. Ba cq ate ate. 42 0 got@a fra ota, D gota faces छान. 46 atgfy can be read as वक्रि also. Ba ucae ace eaty. 50 Ba दात्र. 51 Ba gfe. 55 ¢ afeal ata, D srasi ata. 56 Ba (भन. 19. 8D ca. Ba erring efay aaq. 16 D मरी for acy. 18-19 Lacking in ©. D has instead : (क्‌ व (शाना ACH SCH CHA YN इतरा CHE (कह STM 244 MANASA-VIJAYA catty. 21 D setae. Baxifea. 24 Ba काकि cate मक्र. 26 Ba गताम. 29 Ba wg. Ba, C कप्व्र यशोवान (7). 30 Ba qricas facatal, ¢ arta मवि aie, D eoca रमयित ata. 32 Ba, C gquafaqi. D asaaifa. 33 7 गष्टनमान. 34 Ba 8k. 35 Ba afagq}. 36 Ba निक] fas] TOA AT FCF SU WH. 38 Ba carsifeai 44 Ba (श्नकोटन्‌ atfe fas वैरि fica ea feat, D ceasica atfeal aifva fara eq few, © (सनकांठन माकिं aife fara aa शिग्र] aff. 46 D कमान. Ba छनि ब्र. ॥ 20. ऽ ८0, 7 निना stfs. 7-8 Missing in Ba, C. 9-10 Ba नभ्रा] शब्रा. 12 Ba acs गोदेनांम ay atfe, D ace acarata aq stay. 14 1) caaty. 18 D छनिन. 21 7 (व्र. 29 ¢ afqq. 30 Ba catcaute ateica Stata, C रट्टक (तानन. 33 Ba cotenta, D (एने. 39 ¢ afet, D atafa. 43 D bas vate का. 45C wif, D yafy. 49 ¢ after, D aafe. 50 Ba,C sfaft. 51 Ba टश. 52 Ba (कह ce खांवदटर्नानभि, ¢ cae aicatecs (ड्मांगति. 57 Ba wigs, C (जुरेका. C fra मान. 21. 1 Ba agfq etary. 3 Ba wary. 5 Cetra, D णानि. 6 At the end of the line © adds विमन ॥ 8C,D साली. 11 Ba, C रउवकि. 1 दत्र. 14 Ba कद्र aya. 16 D एनी. 18 D farya (वेव. Ba ट ग्रम्‌. 19 Ba sie, D Sty. 20 Ba, 0 acam. 23 Ba arfeatfs sity. 26 Ba ट्रक ॐ. 37 Ba faa, D (काट्न. 39 D faph. 45 Ba gfe, D रेनखिि।. 47 D atryz. 48 Ba, C aiaty. 55 Ba apexrq खोद. 0 7 arefeq. 57 0 qafety sae. 22. 8 C arf, D wit. 19 D aitiy. 23 © D wefan. 20C मद्‌ Berta. 25 D asics atcstara. 30 D cafes ace sce Yafect. 33 1) (वदि. 38 7 शाकिन गक. 39 7 (षन. 40 Ba, Care ace. 43 ¢ ofa fers, D त्रि fara. 47 7 कन्णेवान, 23. 1 7 amy atety. 3, 6 D जारा. 7 8४ करभांनै. 11 0 corre, D (कारे. 16 D watz. 117 59, C छिणव्र. 210, D जागार. 24C,D eine scataty. 25 Ba कूनि. 26D gay gre ta cacy. 32 Ba शामन. 34 Ba, D ay. 35 D ace. 36 Baga. 40 7 कानव्र. 43 © fare शिनि. 43-44 0, D Gra/aeq. 46 Ba कब्रिदब्र carey aiff. 49 D @afy. 51 D Berg. 56 Ba oifey. 58 Ba ateytfe. 60 ©, D fer for ररौ. 61 Ba Sta cafe. 63 Ba otetfeai. D wi (पित्रा coating sty. 64 Ba sig शाहु 69 Ba VARIANT READINGS 245 एषह. 72D care. 75 D fare. 79D Qafx. 80 Ba वना]. 82 Ba cosy. 83 Ba coral cBtai atata cota. 84 Ba e&cq Baty. 90 D acw. 24. The mention ofthe melody in made only in D. © *atq. 8 Ba Aye. 10 Ba, © (कानानटन्‌. 20 Ba cam aitfy कुमखिका, C fe कृब्रणिक।. 24 ¢, D यि (गैीक. 28 ¢, D ay ay गर नख. V 1. 1 Ba मषटन. 2 Ba we fea. 11 ¢ cateria कि, D ata cata aife. 12D ण्डक. 14D safe. 17D acatata. 23 D ata atacay. 2. 20, D कान (वकान. 17 Ba catuta atea faa. 1820 Ba fewyy eqeq. 27-28 D afgecaaca. 28 D ataa cafem. D atest. 30 तक्वा. 40 Ba (थाणा. 3. 6 Ba ste नां (षयि otf. 7 Ba छंवांव क्रि. 10 Ba emefa. ¢ (कम्‌. D वानाहेट्छ. 4. 3 Ba aq शृब्रिघ्ड न attra. 6 D (करिव ga. 9 ©, 7 Gate. 24 1) efaai. 5. 23 Ba नकृडि कानि. 7. 8 Ba र्षि fers ae faces. 17D atfoy. 32 Ba atgca, ¢ atgcaa. 38 Ba caqqe. 49-50 C, D ata/aty. 51 Ba, ¢ ateca feta. 70 D afay. 75 D aeq for ax. Ba, ¢ fate माकि 84 Ba,C दमन ace. 85 D ap. 95-96 D खश्‌] रेट ददेग Tada! QUT BAT NY इव्रमिख मन. 8. 3 7 निन्नकट्व्र. 16 D fasts यांनीव्र. 27D मुक. Ba qaqj. 31 Ba, 0 acue aifs. 39-40 Wanting in 138. ` 42 Ba छ} अब्र sfeq. 43 ¢, D निवि. D aty. 44 Ba, C ofaota Satq. 55 D yfaai. 9. 3D Sit aq fra. 16D मानि. 29D ae खन. 33-34 Ba fayta/ शंन. 36 D wfataj. 38 D (जन for fafa. 60 After this C, D have an additional couplet: ycacs चकं fe मनम)ऽब १/८ हिट मकन्षवनि शिष्‌ षएन- दन. 65 D (नारिं. 77 fafe. 78 fafa ofa. 10. Only D mentions the melody. 1 Ba auf. 3 कि. 10C,D यामि उनो दहे. 12 0.7 ata यामि. 20 frep-ycas. 21 D नात्रना. 22 C, D णाहे Siew stacey tat. 25 Ba fefefa, fefufy. 28 C अङि (काग शदेन, 246 MANASA-VIJAYA 52 D यामि णिः cotta. 67 Ba,C gy qq tami. 74 Ba, 0 सहेन ataGtz. 81-82 Ba ङ वन/ख।मन. 83 Ba निङ्कानि. | 11. Only D mentions the melody. 1 © कटश्न. 2 D कद्विम सांगभैनि. 4D asa facsyt. 91) ठनि. 30 D शकन कवा. 31 Ba, © तिरा. 12. 13 7) मकन य|. 59D ऽव. 62 Ba कनद, D कन्म, 63 D (गौ! कषठंन wie. 67 Deatfe gy. 68D नाखि. 73-74 This unrhymed verse is probably an interpolation. 86 © (काटने Sy घन्‌ कन्णैमांन. 112 D विम डं व निटकृरटन्‌. Lines 112 and 114 are interposed in all the MSS. 13. 12 Ba cayy. 16 Ba qacea वृक. 21 1) रांभिटख (अन. 14. The melody is mentioned only in D. 12 D yaa afefa cata ate वणार. 20 7 fawincy कशा. 23-24 Ba sta/sace. 27 Ba ears भनक], D cAtATS मनक. 47 Ba, Capes. 53 Ba, C ace. 54 Ba C wa acy fea नरि. 78 © qqxtfesy. The last couplet is missing in Ba. vI 1. 3 Baya. 4 Dafa. 5 Ba aye कानि. 7 Ba stfe भव. 14 Ba Gay. 16 D ays ata. 18 Ba विन. 22 24 D ate. 26 7 aida atzica. 3) Be ace faa afar. 38 ¢, D facie afaa of ara geaca. 40D sire युक्ति stfem. 42D याहे. 43 7 fagaa. 44.D qauta. 46 ¢^, D sifed. 52 Ba wqq ataty. 55 ¢ afaq, Daqq. 58C, Daye. 59 Ba, ¢ कलि. 81 ©, 7 मव्रिन जक्ग. 94 Ba जहे ati. 96 D (पथ. 2. 9CD otfea ( almost always ). 3. The melody 18 mentionedin D. Ba भेरा. 3 D कटतु खरतर. 8 Ba Gye Acaq काक ACA मटन Ae. 186, D ata fe. 4.1 D ostafa. 9 Ba (रुचि. 11 82 योगामि. 14D yee mia Caen. 15 Ba gfe. 17C, Dawa लंटन. 25 Ba नेमव. 5. 0, D ew. 8 D aqefxy ११. 14D नम्र. Ba weal. 18C,D यक्ना व्र. 19-22 Omitted in 7. 33 ©, D cate. 36 Ba मनभ। ateta cers may enty. 6. 2 Ba way. 3 Ba ayety cere. 7 Ba fastfan. 19 Ba wate 4%. 21 Ba sqq cam द. 22 Ba गानानि. 24 Ba वन्‌ छनि. 25 Ba, D Fatt. VARIANT READINGS 247 7. 37 (शन मना. 15 1 97a). 17D ale aay. 21 Ba safe. 8. 5 Ba, D atera. 9 Ba, D diem arate. 15 बूशगूनि ( almost always). 16 0, D श्रि cca. 18 Cajes, Dafee. 25 Ba wy. 26 Ba @=icq. 27-32 Missing in Ba. 35 Ba caepscatfeg. 9. 10, D em कमन. 16 D (नेष्टा नोर. 10. The melody is mentioned in D only. Ba शत्रव. 27 BS afefaces. 28 Ba aioe sata. 29 ¢, 1 छव्रनि. 34D afpatca. 37 ©, D efay. 47 Ba, ¢ oN (क waa. 11. 14D वक्र ata ater. 210, 70 ee for as. 24 Ba wea. 25 Ba cacy. 28 0, D मडि for wey. 12. 6 Ba दशि «ej afacy. 13 Ba mata, C Haat. 16 Ba निखामन, D शुङानेन. 22 ¢, 7 etitey. 30D atafeei. 35 Ba, C 318. 39 Ba atfie. 42, 44 Ba, C watg. 43 Ba, C mal. 66 D Rte वर कोटग. 77D HF. 78D ate fea. 82 C ends aiter this line. 86 Ba न] ff. 13. 12D ete ata. 18 Ba wea बहि. 19D ace. 14. 2 Ba fafay gen. 3 7 जाग्र श्वि. 11 Ba yey निट्छ. 21 D seq गटङव्र. 32 Ba यांशकट. 33 Ba ay. 15. 7-8 Only in D. 10 7 कश्निग fsx कटन. 12 D विश्रि. 13 D afey. 20 D fora ( almost always). 22 Ba utfaai. 25 D मणे रेटल. 24 Ba tices. 26 D खारू. 16. 2 Ba qetetca. D afeaty, 3-4 Ba feus/fray 5 D (कन. 6 Ba गनचवटन यांनि afaey. 7 Ba ge वक्र 12 Doge yas. 14D aay. 17. 17D ates for atts. 20 D arfe fofa. 23 Ba यामिव. 27D गैर afy. 30 Ba 2am निग्र]. 38 7 वनन. 45-48 Missing in D. 46 Bb begins from this line (fol. 102 a). Ba @facq. 50 D याष 51 Ba, Bb cefay. 62 Ba, Bb लिगं. 64 Bb afer eum. 65 7 qe यात्र हेन. 74 Ba जड. 77 D ate atstafe. 77 Ba ate tlafafs]. 78 Ba, D ऽकानैछि. 80 etam for वदन १ Ba ends here (fol45b). 82 Bb जे यनिन (कथे. 84 7 शाक ववार. 96 Bh सरश नरन. 87 Bo शक्रवर Baw. 18. प) न। जानिष- 13D eq, नरे fax. 15 D षएात्रि शट 20 Bb sare. 21 ए वक्रां. 27 7) ण्ड was. 29 Bb etgya aya. 30 Bb कद्वत gore. | 248 MANASA-VIJAYA vil 1. 1 7 aaas. 3D भवन मङ्ाट्भैः 6D कि (गात. 7-8 Bh व््षनगशःन्‌ / ङ्ग (खन macy यमदव. 97 ales. 17 Bb aah catsta. 18D waz याख्टन. 20 Bb विवांड] catca Can (कान (वटव. 23 Bb खानटमं atcafaa कौ vay किव. 2. The melody is mentioned only inD. 1 अडांवृ ( always ). 5 7 कट्वर as. 7D ee 10 D SR. 11 80 नाब्रि्व्‌. 12 Bb मर्क्टनांक. 16 Bb (कमन. 16 D करिकर. 22 Bb छनि भट्ड. 23 D cotagi. 30 Bb eq) for oF. 36 D ates for मछ}. 37 7 शख. 41 D atav. 3. D ofonfy. 2D यक्षे. 11-15 Bb has instead : yay ofa aig गनोट्म वमान strteey final ACS Baler त्रान fray वञ्च नेब्रोदेन गोडाम न्व (र्न BL. 4. OD faafen. 13 Bb ateta ग्रब्रडि. 191 sata विष्टे (वाश. 5. 11) शत्रसिङ, छत्र क्लि. 2D एन्णैकननत्रौ. 5D coq. 6D sates} Up कट्व्रा मन. TDaeta. 12 D Ror. 14 Bb faqs ary. 16D (कयन 18D एंड). 28D festa, sifaq. 31 D ata wes. 32 Bb atte. 33 Bb fazea wea. 34D atta gaicia ye fanaa. 35 D Wary. 38 D aq Braqtey. : 6. 5-6 Wanting in Bb. 9D जोव yeta4. Bb (कदनं निक्त). 11-12 D safacu/faatecs. 13 D ofa वांना. 14 D fags citer. 18 D catsecm. 25 Bb संगम acy. 26 Bb wal कृशन. 32 7 aya. 7. The melody is mentioned only in 7. 6D टेष्छ]. 11 D जननौ cttsa. 15-16 Bb वषडद्र/एनिन waa. 18 D क्ट्व्रन- 19 D कि aife कि नोय, 2 7 atfas gatz. 24 Bo cata sfx. 29 Bb (मथींटन.- 37 D eam wagaty. 40 ए) forga. 41 D ace for yey. 43-46 Missingin D. 48 D afeatca vay गन. 50 D fas रिणामि वटन Sara BCH. 8. 1 Bb हएत हिक्व्र. 16 Bb a4a) ऽनित्रा1 (वौ कानों शौँव्रटन. 17 D afasiza cota (कदी meta Sty. 18 D मन्त बटन. 29D ate कांजगानि. Bb क्क्ष sity. 33 Bb afer. 9, 3-4 D वक्षन कांर्षी।खडम nee. 13 Date. 14D ey. 16 D कृष्ष्टम, 20 Bb atfee. 26 7 xf. 29 Bb faca कटनदट्वर. 36 Bb otal ow cen. 10. 2D षन] यनां acm ना (कथिगांग सननौ. 7 Bb aq (डित. 9 Bb खङ्ग VARIANT READINGS 249 catea. 16 7 भैट्ष्टङ. 12 Bb afta say. 18 ए) apace. 37-38 कत्रि; (थिव) कि (छात्र चंग जित्राटेट्ड atfa. 45 D afi. pon Fe 11. 61 (छात्र. Bb छेन fax cot छर्म se. 8 D यांखम्र faq a are: 10 Bb faq for uta. 11 Bb aca atd जौदकर्मः 17 Bo उकम्‌ ककत. 21 D Fees criti. 23 Deg कति. Bb say. 26 ए ज aatey. 27 D कच. जटतै. 29 D fre egata. 30 D ge. 12. D otetfe. 7-10 Omitted in D. 17 Bb मख कत्रि टेवन्‌. 20D ofa मिण. wx. 29 Bb frfs afi. | : 13. 5 D fea cag aie. 16D atta stay ste नदेन द्रि. 18 Bb (ग for tq. 20 D ak (नाटक. 23 Bb fargai गर्कप्ठ. 25 ए brcatz. Vill 1. 5 7. मि tag. 9 D soifag egca. 11 D faq कब्र. 12 D cata v4 as. 19 D otal Sata stay. 21 Bb यवान्‌ qafe निभ) @etq. 26 D Mseste. 3४4 Bb निन Stevi wea. 38 D ced can. 410 afacy. 42 D afer fea. 527 Coal ayaa. 51 D a4 cats] ay atcated. 61 Bb. ary acy. 62 D मस्छ ater meica. 65 Daegdta. 66 Deey cam. 67D ata (कनि. 69 Bb Bcd cots eeal. 71 Date ate कत्रि areca. 74 D कट्वर eagata. 76 D ath for qty. 77 D ऊ।व्‌4 निक aca. 79 Bb fagay, D aten कुव. 80 Datute. 82 Bb cacecq. 83 D Hoy att कट्त्रन. 2. 2 7 ofaa “coe नान. 4 7 cate (श्न. 5 D काटन Fic (षो att. 7-10 Only in D. 3. The melody is mentioned only in D. 1 D fasta यदव, 2 Bb RRR. 13 D Rite. 15 7 gqacq. 18 D area याभि acne etaica. 27D क्रि मावे. 29 Deca (कां८्न. 31 Dacae. 36 Dy छगरषवनि. 39 fragf, 43 7 (खांजन efx xe. | 4. 23-26 Missing in Bb. | 5. 31) शूट. 4D qq acne. 12D दिनि getty. 15D stra. 16D ace नात्र, 17 D ety ase. 23-24 D ofiretca/Ootaria acy. 31 D मट्छ cq. 33 Bb [sata छेश्छन. 36 D कामश्‌ fafa. 40 D निवि निज. 47 D cunt. 54 Dag tam भत्रिशंन. 57 Data ceq. 59 Bh नक मात्र, 63 7 as यत्र cafe ace aca fae. 64D otaca aca बन. 72 D नेत्री ofan. क्ण र 250 MANASA-VIJAYA 78D aw कतवर, 81 Bb ata शत्र यद्र. 82 Bb farsi uty een. 85 Bb ata ge जगि. 86 Bb cfg. 90 7 नानिष्र. 92D हेर fara. 94 D शनिग ata. 98 D ata baa (वत्रा. 6. 1 Bbeafajay. 2 Bb acd acd (तिन. 5 Dam ङ्के. 11-12 ith Nn atfes qi. 29 Bb (षधि. 30 Bb afeateg. 32 D निन जीन. 33 Bb यिव Hac. 7. 8 7 ८कन टेन. 14 Bb गागं ete. 16 D देक cite. 8. 10 Bb cata वन. 14 7 टेननं ८काघ्न. 21 7 दंद्रिटनन बक्षष्मन. 22 Bb मिन. 28 ए7- एरर वरजघ्वरद् aca arg चक्‌ अक. 30D षर etyy. 31 7 शठ गाब्रिल (भरन. 39 D Shes afe, 42 D ion. 47 D जन as. 48 Bb aafa tata eco. 54 D weal cia. 58 Dceacs. 62 D Se for छट्व्‌. 67 Bb श्नि ataca. 69 Bb यामिट्व (वहन ya. 70 7 atdtca. 71 Bb farce. 9. 1 ए. यात्रा. 2 Bb चिन 3 7 कक्‌ gad. 10 Bb stad thre fata atca. 12 7 दभिनाछे. | 10. 8D fea. 10 Bb atfica. 21 Bb ate मर्‌।टलव. 22 Bb sere afm. 23-24 Bb eatatca/eq मुगवघ्वर. 27D sai (तैन atatca fara. 29 Bb eafare कलश. 32 Bb कथन [ न ] of& 11. 1 Bb at (तमि cacel म्तौ. 3 Bb गोनां cafe wat. 5 Bb a for 6}. D etcgfor aco. 6 Bb टेक नाना wa. 7D were कब्र afe 11-12 Bb etfe/aiff. 12 D freiteq. 12. 2 7 वमाहेटन. 77 ea cog. 9 Bo afiey दटेन cetaty. 12 7 al ङ्व stay. 13 Bb रेक craate afayy. 16 Omitted in Bb. 22 7 (षवि Za. 28 D ata fess. 13. The melody fs mentioned only in D. 6 Bb oferq. 12 Bb frafee tat. | 14. 1 7 विटय. 3 7 कक. 47 cotta. 6 7 विटनैष. 8D (वभ. 11 Bb गर्दद्गाक. 17 Bb दाट्शब्र. 19 D acy ce. 21 Bb (महे ata. 22 7 qetate. 24D ate. 33 D stanfe. 34 ]) गदे | 15. 27 (मात्र. 4 Bb aq ary. 5-12 Only in Bb. 18 D. wefaca. 22 Bb crits 16. . 5D aay जट], क्रटनैत्र. 6 From this line upto the end of the Pala Bb is lacking ( fol 127-130 ) VARIANT READINGS 251 TX 1. D Facetcy qaty. 23 Bb यद्रे afaa ateica. 26 D fefan safe मणि. 27D कवि afam विथ॑मांन. 2. 3 7 कटव्रन. 4 Bb cafaa. 7 Bb aty भैभक्न. 8 Bb ayy wen. 9 D for ax ayy. 10 Bb एदेकून क्त्रि. 17 7 ataras. 18 D नतौ eta. 19 Bb Safa atfem याभि cea. 20-23 Missing in D. 24 D etgai शूमिग्र। feral. 26 Bb afayi wicea नृग॑मगि. 28 Bb atfea fry. 29 Bb भिष्लीं शूत्र याम. 3. 4Bb catege aHetity. 5 Bb asafe. 7 Bb yal Potty afs 16 D axeca frqgg. 20 Bb ataew cycaa. 24 Bb (हत्रिट्ड निमिक विनम्र, 25 D afer शरवनात्रौ- 29 7 sfeafe. 32 D cwrfaai aaca aqcatcn. 4. 10 Bb sretetfa ate व्राणा. 22 7 was वाहि eta atfe. 25-26 Bb has instead: fea (द ङरेए ॐ beri हए ॐशव्र/व्रसिट्ड डि oa ataa नण, 5. Daceeayaia. 3D offacaa. 5 Bb fatty saz. 9D शिन. 26 D खाता कत्रि वाक ag. 29D याटएनिन।. Bb मष atae कृवि. 34 D aetaw. 6. 18 D firm छिन caleta ee. 19 D wifey. 22 Bb ge गांग. 23-24 Bb gaa afacs/atiae fafacs. 35 Bb safe नांत्रिन ate wife cratal. 47 7 terre. 49D (रोष. 50 Bb एनया for ety. 7. 8 Bb तांखं -गश्ठिषांटन. 14D aff acy. 16 D ataracy. 8. 7 Bb aan विखभ्र. 10 7) atey निप्र. 31 D जांत्रिद्व. 9. 40 ठ नाम्रखत्रार्रेन. 44 D गर्‌] atafys. 45-46 7 (मनाम. Bb ends here. THE POEM SUMMARIZED PALA ONE 1. Ganega, the success-giving god, is praised. 2. Other gods are praised. 3. Manasa, wearing her state-ornaments of serpents, is described. 4. Manasa’s birth is briefly referred to: ‘She was born in the nether region (नकद) but not begotten by a woman. The artificer (‘nirmani’) was her maker, and she was fashioned out of the great god’s (1.6. Siva’s) sperm. She gencrated life in her own self, and Vasuki entrusted her with the stock of venom and placed her in charge of the ndgas (serpents).’ The various names of the goddess are then mentioned: ‘Her name is Patalakumari (‘Girl from Patala’) as she was born in the nether region. She is called Nagesvari (‘Queen of the Nagas’) as she received command over the na@gas. She orjginated in the lotus- bed in (the lake) Kalidaha, and so she is called Padmavati (‘Lotus Girl’). The god hostile to Tripura (i.e. Siva) mentally perceived her birth; she is therefore named Manasakumari. Shc is the other body of the Formless God (‘nirafijana’, i.e. Dharma) and is a master in all branches of knowledge; she obtained the knowledge of Brahman and is thus known as Brahmani. Since she was instructed in the Great (i.e. occult) Knowledge (mahajiiana) by the trident-bearing god (i.e. Siva) she is also known as YogeSvari (‘Mistress of Yoga’) and Sara- sayogini (‘Sporting Yogini’). She received the name Mandaksi (‘Dull-eyed’, i.e. ‘One-eyed’) from her scuffle with Candi, and winning over the latter she came to be known as Poison-Eyed. As she was sent away to live in the forest, clad in white clothes, she was universally acclaimed as Svetimbari (‘Woman in White’). From her quarrel] with Candi she received the name Nirvasini (‘Extradicted’. or ‘Unclad’). On account of hill-dwelling she is named Parvati (‘Girl from the Hills’) and Parvatavdasini (‘Hill-dwelling’). Being the wife of Jaratkaru she is called Jagat-gauri, and on account of separation from her husband she received the name Pati-mandadari (‘Unloved by Husband’). Being ever wakeful she is named Jaguli and she ‘takes her station in the Sija plant (euphorbia nivulia or euphorbia splendens). The other names the poet is unable to recount.’ The poet now speaks about himself and his work: ‘(I am) Vipraddsa by name, a son of Mukunda Pandita, residing for ever in Nadudya-Batagrama. (The family is) Vatsya by gotra, 254 MANASA-VIJAYA Pipilai (by surname), having five fravaras, and belonging to the Kauthuma branch of the Samaveda. (We are) four brothers. ‘In the month of Vaigsdkha (i.e. April-May), on the tenth night after the new moon Padma (i.e. Manasa), sitting at the top of my bed gave me a direction. She commanded me to write her ritual song-poem (‘parficali’); this is my sole equipment, and I know nothing else. Having made apology to poets, superiors and wise men (I am) writing this song of Padma in accordance with the scripture (42572). In the Saka (year) measured by the seas (i.e. 7), the moon (i.e. x), the vedas (i.e. 4) and the earth (i.e. 1), when King Husain Shah is supreme in Gaur, at this time this ritual poem of Padma is written, and on listening to it people are softened in great delight.’ 5. The contents of the poem are summarised very briefly. 6. The creation of the universe from the unknown and unknow- able is briefly mentioned. The story properly begins with the arrangement for a feast of the gods to celebrate their victory over the demons (dattyas#ya yajiia). Ganga the wife of the sage Santanu was allowed by her husband to take charge of the cooking on condition that she would be brought home before nightfall. But that could not be done. The feast came to an end very late in the night. When Siva took Ganga back home in the morning Santanu would have nothing more to do with his wife. Siva had to keep Ganga in his own home. Siva was then, for the last twelve years, practising hard penance (on the bank of the sacred stream Balluka) for a sight of the Intangible One (‘nirafijana’, i.e. his father Dharma). 7. Siva’s austerities are described. 8. During Siva’s absence from home Dharma called in and was met by Ganga at the door. Before Dharma could vanish Ganga had a flitting glimpse of his face, and she became all while. Dharma told her to say to Siva that he had come to meet him. 9. Ganga pleaded to Dharma for her absent lord, and Dharma, relenting, said that a sight of her would have the same merit as a sight of himself. Then he added that if Siva was still unsatisfied he should go to Kalidaha to pluck lotus, and some day there he would be blessed with a wonderful manifestation of a girl. Siva came home and saw Ganga, all white, seated in a white seat. 10. Siva was impressed with the sight. He inquired what had happened during his absence. Ganga replied that Dharma had come to meet him. THE POEM SUMMARIZED 255 11. Ganga said that on having a look of the all-white and immense person of Dharma she had become white in complexion. She then repeated the message of Dharma to Siva. Siva regretted his ill-luck. The news soon spread around, and the gods and goddesses crowded in Siva’s place to pay their respects to Gangi. 12. Siva did as he was told by Dharma. He would come every day to Kalidaha to get flowers, and this continued for twelve years. His consort Candi at last was curious to know where he went and what he did there. She wanted to accompany him some day. Siva dicouraged her as_ the lake was infested with poisonous snakes. 13. Candi felt that Siva was discouraging her deliberately. She took up the guise of a Dom girl and took her station in a ferry boat in the river Joka that crossed the way to Kalidaha. As she was taking Siva to the other bank the latter fell in love heels over head. 14. The Dom girl protested against the preposterous proposition of the old ascetic. 15. She was finally seduced at the price of a diamond ring, and then she threw off her disguise. Siva was put to great shame. He planned retaliation. He became a mouse and made rents in the prettiest bodice of Candi and then appeared as an old man seeking darning job from door to door. She called him in and told him to darn the bodice. She assured him a satisfying remuneration. It was soon done, but the man would not be satisfied until Candi would make love to him. Bound by her own words she had to submit to the filthy disgrace. Siva now called quits. One morning Siva found Kalidaha under the spell of the spring and he was badly smitten with love. 16. He thought of his wife, and spilled his seed. This he cast on a lotus leaf (ov lotus petal) and forgot all about it. A crow saw the seed and took it as food. She could not stand it for long. 17. On the advice of her mate she disgorged it and the seed once again was put on the lotus leaf. But it did not stay put there. Running down through the stalk it reached the bottom of the earth and fell as a thunder clap on the head of Vasuki. 18. Vdasuki’s mother, who was the sculptor among the nagas, knew it to be the seed of Siva, and she made a beautiful girl out of it. The effigy was then given life and named Manasa. Vasuki welcomed her as his sister and made her the master of the snakes. He put in her charge the entire stock of poison that had come out when King Prthu had milked the Earth as cow. | 256 MANASA-VIJAYA 19. Manasa with her snake attendants used to come up to Kalidaha and disport in the waters of the lake, and Siva could not get flowers as before. He called in Garuda to do away with the snakes. The snakes protested, and Garuda narrated to them his own story. .20. Garuda recounted the old story of the feud between his mother and the mother of the ma@gas, both wives of Kasyapa, and he continued to gobble the snakes. Kali the magini then reported the affair to Manas who at once came up to protest to her father. A sight of her,incited Siva’s desire for her, but she soon introduced herself to her father, and then Siva countermanded Garuda. Manasa now wanted to accompany Siva back to his home. Knowing the. mind of Candi Siva would not agree. But the importunities of the girl prevailed, and he took Manasa home, concealed in his flower basket. Placing the basket in an inconspicuous corner Siva went out again. This made Candi suspicious. She hunted Manasa out of the basket and started belabouring her. Manasa’s protests went unheeded. 21. Manasa told Candi the story of her birth and appealed to her as her stepmother. But Candi would not listen ; she accused her for misbehaving with her own father. 22. At this filthy accusation Manasa become angry and gave a telling retort. Candi then lost control over herself and she jabbed a kusa necdle into Manasa’s eye. Manasa felt terrific pain and at ence death flashed from her other eyc. Candi fell down lifeless. Her sons, Kartika and Ganega, weeping, ran out and fetched their father. Siva was overcome with grief. Now Manasa relented; she glanced at Candi with her reviving eye, and her stepmother sat up. Then followed > scuffle between the two. At Siva’s request Manasa humbled herself at Candi’s feet. Though somewhat mollified Candi would not permit Manasa stay at home. Siva induced Manasa to come away with him to her own place. 23. Before Manasa left her father’s home she gave Candi her signet with five jewels and made her give the word that she (Candi) would not fail to send her a call if her father at any time would come to grief. Siva and Manasa trekked on till they came. into a deep forest. Manasa was exhausted and Siva was oppressed with hunger and thirst. They took a hill path and slowly came up to the top canopied by a spreading Sija (euphorbia nivulia) tree. They sat down under the tree for a rest. Manasa stretched herself on the turf and fell asleep. Siva did not miss _ this opportunity to slip away. But he could not repress a drop of tear, out of which was born a full-grown girl. Siva named her Neto as she came out of a tear-drop (mera-jala), instructed her in the Great Knowledge (mahajiana) and appointed her the chaperon of Manasa, THE POEM SUMMARIZED 257 After going some distance Siva felt that it was not proper that would leave two girls helpless in the forest. His worry brought out sweat- drops on his forehead. From these he created Dhamai and sent him to guard the girls. Manasa, Neto and Dhamai stayed on the top of the hill. PALA Two 1. Manasa built her palace on Sijuya Hill, and hers was a happy domain. 2. Manasa’s water-sport with her friends is described. 3. Meanwhile the Valakhilya sages and two beast-men were born of the sced of Brahma, and they joined the court of the latter. Brahma forgot himself again and the calf Manoratha was born of the divine cow Kapila. Kapila strayed into a brahman’s vegetable garden and was penned. 4. Kapila mourned her fate. 5. The tears of the divine cow turned into gold, and the brahman, seeing this, released her at once. When she was returning home she came face to face with a pair of tigers and their cubs, all hungry. The tiger however let her go on the promise that she would come back after giving her newborn calf a feed. But Manoratha would not have a fecd until he had tackled the tiger. The two started fighting. 6-7. The fight was long and terrific, and the tiger was killed. 8. During the absence of his mother Manoratha had quenched his thirst by drinking up the waters of the celestial lake (—-river 0 sea—) Balluka. The gods and the sages approached Kapila for remedying this calamity. 9. Siva appealed to Kapila. She filled up the lake with her own muk. | 10. The wrathful sage Durvasa took offence at Indra’s negligent handling of a gift from him and set his curse on the god. 11. So Laksmi (the goddess of fortune) bade adieu to Indra and the gods and warned them for the consequences of her banishment. 12. Laksmi finally found shelter under the sea. She was followed there by the good things under her command, such as rice and other cereals, the moon, ambrosia, Indra’s elephant (Airavata) and horse (Ucchaihgravas) and the divine flowering plant (Parijata). This was calamitous to Indra and the gods, and an emergent meet- 33 258 MANASA-VIJAYA ing of the gods was caYled. It was resolved that the sea of milk would be churned to give up Laksmi and her attendants. It was settled that Mandira Hill would be the churning stick and Vasuki the rope ; Hanuman would pull by the tail and the demons would pull by the head. 13. The churning was a tremendous affair, and the sea was compelled to give up the items one by one in this order: Ucchaihsravas, the moon and the cereals, Airavata and the nymphs (apsaras), Laksmi and Parnjata, and finally Dhanvantari holding ambrosia in a cup. 14. The gods welcomed Dhanvantari, and in cxchange of the cup of amrta Brahma gave him a pouch of ‘siddhi’ (success) and a scarf of victory. Dhanvantari was curious to know what could bring out his death, and the gods replied: ‘If the scarf of victory and the pouch of ‘siddhi’ were stolen from you by Visahari (i.e. Manasa), if the snake Udayakala would strike at your chest, and if Visahari herself would throw on you ‘Mahabhara’ (literally ‘great weight’), then and then your death would happen on the surface of the earth. But there are two remedies: the plant ‘Sali-visali’ (literally, what takes out the arrow or splinter, Salyavisalyika), grow- ing only on the hill Gandhamadana, if applied, would ward off death, and failing that the application of a bit of foam of the sea of milk on the surface of the wound would do the trick.’ Being acclaimed by the gods as the unrivalled Poison Doctor (‘ojha’, literally, master, upadhyaya) Dhanvantari moved in triumph from place to place, and no one could defeat him in his profession.’ 15. Ambrosia (amrta) was then apportioned to the gods by Visnu in the form of a lovely lady. Siva did not like the demons being cheated out of their legitimate share, and he refused to accept his own portion. He proposed another churning of the sea. The gods protested. PALA THREE 1. Brahma protested strongly against a second churning. 2. But Siva’s insistence prevailed. The second churning was more terrific. The froths and foams of the exhausted serpent fell on the sea, so also the fiery wrath of Siva. These two mixed together, became Poison and came out of the sea to consume the universe. The gods and the demons all took themselves away, and only Hanuman and the bull remained with Siva. Hanuman told the great god (Maha- deva) to drink up the poison as it was his own creation and he alone was responsible for tackling it. THE POEM SUMMARIZED 259 3. Siva quaffed the poison and at once fell down as if dead. The gods sent Narada to inform Candi. She came weeping with her two boys. 4. Candi mourned piteously and wanted to burn herself alive (as suttee) with the body of her hnsband. 5. Candi lamented. 6. When the arrangements for the rite of sutteec were being completed Candi suddenly remembered that Manasa had given her a jewelled ring and had asked her to call her in if anything untoward would happen to Siva. The gods forthwith sent Narada to 11811258. When he came he found her seated in a mean hovel, wearing a tiger- skin as skirt. 7. Manasa lamented her father’s death. 8. She told Narada that she lacked proper dress for coming to the outside world, and she could come if only her stepmother would bring proper clothes for her. Candi had no love for her stepdaughter and she chose for the latter the coarsest and meanest bit of cloth from her wardrobe, but she found Manasa in all her majesty. Manasa humbled herself before her stepmother and took the piece of cloth from her. They hastened to the spot where Siva was lying dead. Manasa then told the gods the treatment she had received from her stepmother when they had first met, and showed them the picce of cloth Candi had now presented to her. The gods tried to pacify her, promising to do justice to her after she would have resuscitated her father. But Candi forgot herself and clenched her fists to give Manasa a blow. At this Manasa gave her a glance from her poison-eye, and the great goddess fell down senseless. Manasa now turned her attention to her father. 9. Manasa muttered mystic verses as antidote to the effect of poison. 10. As Manasa muttered the incantation poison began to come out of Siva’s mouth, and Manasa collected it in a gold platter. Some poison remained in his gullet, and this made Siva Blue-throated (Nilakantha) and Death-defying (Mrtyufijaya). On coming back to his senses Siva found his spouse stretched on the ground as if dead, and he mourned. Manasa now bronght her stepmother back to life by directing at her a glance from her reviving eye. She then distributed half of the poison to the snakes, scorpions and biting insects and kept the remainder in her (left) eye. The gods now advised Siva to find a husband for his daughter. By his occult knowledge he came to know that the sage Jaratkara 260 MANASA-VIJAYA (i.e. Jaratkaru) was the predestined husband of Manasa. Siva ap- proached him with the offer of the hand of his daughter in marriage. 11. Jaratkara would not like to give up austerities for the sake of married life. Siva assured him that he could do as he liked after the marriage. 12. The spirits of the ancestors of the sage also urged him to marry so that the continuity of their line would not be interrupted. Jaratkara gave his assent. The arrangements for the marriage were made. । 13-14. The marriage ceremony (of course in the right Bengali style) is described. 15. At the same time Neto was married to the sage Vadsistha. On the 11] advice of Candi Manasa wore her snake-ornaments for the bridal night. Lying stiff with fear by his bride’s side Jaratkara could not sleep but Manasa was sleeping in peace. Then Candi threw a frog into the room, and the snakes all hissed together and darted towards the frog. This was too much for the sage. He ran out of the house and did not stop until he had plunged into the sea and found shelter in a conch. On waking Manasa did not find her husband by her side. She knew by her superior knowledge what had happened with Jaratkara. This was an unbearable humiliation and she wept. 16. She bewailed her fate before Neto. 17. Siva went out in search of his missing son-in-law and traced him at last within the depth of the sea. He turned himself into an osprey, circled over the spot where Jaratkara was lying hidden in a conch and gave a cry. At this the conch came up on the sur- face. The bird picked it up and brought it to land. The conch turned out the sage from within and Siva took him home. For some time the sage lived with his wife. He was allowed to leave her only after he had assured Manasa that a son would be born to her. Vasistha also did the same for his wife Neto. After some time the two girls conceived and in due time gave birth to two boys. Manasa’s son was given the name Astika (i.e. Astika, was sent to Vasuki for education and then came to live with his mother at Sijuya. PALA Four 1. The puranic story of the curse of Pariksit is narrated. 2. Taksaka approached for a contest with Sanka (i.e. Sankha) Dhanvantari. THE POEM SUMMARIZED 261 3-4. The contest followed. Taksaka was defeated, but he bribed Dhanvantari so that he would not undertake to save Pariksit from snakebite. The king died (as narrated in Bhdgavata-purdna), and wa3 succeeded by his son Janmejaya (i.e. Janamejaya). 5. Janamejaya was hunting in a forest when he met a brahman engaged in killing snakes. On enquiry he found that the brahman’s son and wife had died from snakebite, and so he had sworn enmity with snakes. This put in an idea in the king’s mind. With the brahman as the main priest he would hold the snake-sacrifice that would wipe out the reptiles from the face of the earth, and this would be his retaliation for the death of his father. 6. The king ordered arrangement for the snake-sacrifice (sarpa- sattra) 7. Ihe arrangements are made. 8. The sacrificial session began in eclat. The serpent chief sought shelters in different quarters. The serpent Kali reported the matter to Manasa. Manasa was disturbed. 9. She called in Neto for advice, and on her advice she sent Astika to prevent anyhow the culmination of the sacrifice. Astika’s presence moved everybody and his personality persuaded Janamejaya to stop the final ritual. This saved the serpents that were still living. Astika’s success endeared him all the more to his mother and to the serpent folk.? 10. The real hero of the story, Cando the king of the happy city of Campaka, is now introduced. He had done extreme austerities and thereby had pleased Siva and Candi. Siva and his spouse appeared before him in person, and, as desired gave him the pouch of (तताः and the scarf of victory and revealed to him the Great Occult Secret (‘mahajfiana’). As soon as Siva touched him on the head a matted lock of ‘siddhi’ (i.e. of a Siddha) grew up. Cando became immortal and invincible. Before going away however Candi had succeeded in incalcating in his heart a deep hatred for Manasa. 11. Manasa was now keen on receiving homage in the world of men. She asked Neto to tell her the man who deserved to be her first worshipper. Neto mentioned Cando of the city of Campaka. 12. One day Manasa accompanied by Neto was out in her chariot to survey the world as was her wont. They saw some boys herding cattle in a meadow. Neto extolled the usefulness of cattle and the importance of cowherds and narrated the story of the humiliation of a sage that had lied to some cowhcrd boys. St a a ee ee 1 Astika does not appear in the story any more. 262 MANASA-VIJAYA 13. Neto urged Manasa to come down and receive worship from the boys. 14. 12171258. became an old and doddering brahman woman, and coming up to the boys, begged some milk for breaking her ceremonial fast. The boys took her to be a witch and pelted stone at her. She then told them that she was Manasa the daughter of Siva. The boys demanded some evidence for this claim, and Manasa at once called in her serpents. The boys were now convinced of the mischievous intention of the old woman, and they rushed at her with cudgels. Manasa disappeared, but she made the cows fall into a boggy water- hole. The boys were in distress. All on a sudden they saw Manasa standing apart and smiling at them. The boys then fell at her feet. By Manasa’s might the most vicious and barren cow in the herd was milked in the wicker basket which Manasa was carrying as a handbag, and Manasa drank from it face down. 15. Satisfied with the drink of milk Manas& sat down under a tree and Neto came and took hcr seat on her left. She then told the boys the elaborate process of her worship and promised them welfare and prosperity if they would worship her. The boys did as they were told, and Manasa’s first ceremonial worship was done on the tenth day of the bright fortnight in the month of Jyaistha. 16. The goddess accepted their homage, gave them the blessing of prosperity, assured them immunity from snakebite, settled them there in that meadow, named it Rakhalagachi (literally, village of the Cowboys and the Tree) and ascended to heaven in her chariot. The cowherd boys continued to worship Manasaé periodically, and the place of worship was the foot of a tree by the wayside to a tank. The Mohammedan chief Hasan and his brother Husen were the most influential landlord-farmer in that region. Some of his farm hands one day saw the boys doing this act of Hindu worship in a place verging on their dominion, and they were driven out from the place of worship by the boys engaged in Manasa worship. They at once reported the matter to Gora Miia the headman of the farm hands. Gora came there, scared away the boys and poked into the sacred pot of the deity. Manasa was watching him from heaven. She sent the smallest of her snakes, turned it into a gold bug and put it into the pot, all unseen by Gora. He found the bug, wanted to show it to his chief and tucked it in next to skin. The snake bit him hard and he fell down, and Manasa ordered the snake to liquidate the Turks (i.e. the Mohammedans) all and to spare only one to report back to Hasan. 17. The snake did as commanded. THE POEM SUMMARIZED 263 18. Out of the hundred farm hands only one, Bhandu, returned to inform the master. In the meanwhile the maidservants of Hasan’s harem came to fetch water from the tank and saw Manasa, disguised as an old brahman woman, standing by the sacred pot. They protested against idol worship in the month of fast and attacked the old lady. Manasa disappeared. The maidservants out of curiosity looked into the pot and found a nice gold bug. One of them took it up to show it to their mistress. The bug was the tiniest and deadliest snakes of Manasd, and it did away with six of the seven girls. Tagari same back to complain to Hasan. 19. Manasa riding her celestial chariot reconnoitred the city of Hasan and found the inhabitants, all Turks, occupied with their normal engagements. 20. Receiving the information from two independent sources Hasan ordered his forces to be ready for attack. 21. Hasan’s wife Campa Bibi tried hard to dissuade her husband from going counter to the will of the goddess of serpents. But he did not pay heed to her remonstrations. The unequal fight between the old brahman woman and the Mohammedan chief started and the latter was the worse for it. 22. The serpent host of Manasa took their position encircling the army of Hasan. 23-24. The serpents liquidated the Turks as they were occupicd in fighting or in their daily occupation. PALA ण्ठ 1. Hasan mourned for his defeat and for the loss of his brother Husen. 2. Hasan suffered various indignities at the hand of Manasa, and even at the hand of Campa Bibi misguided by Manasa. 3. Campa Bibi mourned for the death of her maidservants and other Turks. 4-6. Manasa’s snakes continued dealing death to the Turks as they were still speaking ill of Manasa. 7. The snakes then infested the kitchen of Hasan, and Hasan and Campa Bibi were now compelled to submit to Manasa. They offered rough and ready homage to Manas& who appeared before them and commanded Hasan to instal her sacred pot made of gold in a temple and to start her worship in state. Hasan promised and received the blessing of the goddess, 264 MANASA-VIJAYA 8. sacred pot of Manasa in the hall. He came out and belched out the food he had taken there. He would start for home then and there, but his friend persuaded him to stay for the night. PALA ELEVEN 1. 2171070 started for home carly in the morning, but going some distance he came under the influence of Bad Thought and dismissed the men and equipment lent by the friend. He again wore the filthy rag and carried the bilva staff and proceed homeward. In the evening he saw a drove of cattle going home. The cattle shied at him and the cowherd boys took him to be a bogy and sct up a row. There was a stir in the town, and Lakhai, the young ruler, made a proclamation asking the people to beware of the bogy that had invaded the town. Cando led cautious steps to the house of Kajala the flower-woman, which was nearest on his way. | 2. Cando spoke to Kajala behind the doors. 3. Kajala took him to be the bogy. and, afraid of her 1116, she throw at him blazing fire. Cadndo then hid himself in a plantain grove in the grounds of his own house. Jhauya the maid then came there to get some plantain Jeaves, and she took him to be the bogy. She told Sanaka, and the grove was at once surrounded to hunt out the 280 MANASA-VIJAYA bogy. This was perhaps the cruellest mortification for Cando: nobody would know him to be the king but would destroy him at once. Then it occurred to him that his wife would certainly recog- nise him. He came outside her room and spoke to her. For identi- fication he showed his six teeth worked in gold. Sanaka, in trepidi- tion, held up the lamp and recognised him. Unknown to others she got him in and did all that was needed. When he was resting in bed Lakhindar came and bowed low to him. He asked his wife whose boy he was. 4. Sanaka then introduced Lakhai their own son ; and the king was overjoyed. He then passed the night in narrating his adventures to his wife. On the morning Cando called his kinsmen and asked them to find a suitable match for his son. The kinsmen took time for thinking over. 5. Cdando’s kinsmen, that had girls to marry, consulted their wives, and as they knew that Cando’s son would die on _ the bridal night, they thought it best to go away from Cando’s jurisdiction. Cando was distressed to know of this. Now Manasa, becoming an aunt of Sanaka, came to pay her a visit and told her that Behula the daughter of the merchant 980८ at Ujani would be a perfect match for Lakhindar. Sanaka mentioned it to her husband, and he soon started for Ujani, accompanied by the priest and councillors. They came to Golata and stopped for rest on the bank of Pearl Lake. At this time Behula and her fnends had come there to bathe. 6. The girl got into the lake and sported in the water. 7. Manasa took the euise of an old, deformed and _ ill-clad brahman woman carrving a weaver’s basket, came there and sat near by, and it chanced that Behula’s frolics in the water scattered a few drops on the old woman. 8. The old woman felt insulted and put the curse on the girl that her husband would die of snakebite on the bridal night. Behula, knowing herself to be favoured by Manasa, did not care, and the two, quarrelling, went to Ganga. Ganga supported Behula and gave her conch-shell bangles and vermillion as token of her future husband’s long life. When Behuli was coming back Cando saw her and _ told his priest to follow her home. 9. (2710608 priest told Sahe (Behula’s father) that Cando the king of Campaka-nagara would be delighted to have Behula as the wife of his son. Sdhe sent his six sons to persuade Cando to accept his hospitality. | 10. Cando came to Sahe’s place, Sahe favoured the pro- THE POEM SUMMARIZED 281 posal but his wife was not enthusiastic, and the two were still arguing over the question when Behula came there. Behula made peace between her parents by indicating her willingness to marry the son of Cando. The marriage was settled and the day fixed. Sahe then asked Cando to take some food in his house. Cando hesitated ; he said that as an antidote to an affliction of salt water he had contracted in Patana he took as a regular item of food boiled globules of iron. Sahe got some such globules made by a smith and asked his wife to boil them tender. Sumitra, Behula’s mother, tried hard but could not succeed. 11. Behula found her mother weeping and asked her why she was so much distressed. 12. On hearing the reason Behula offered to do the feat, and it was soon done. Cando ate his meal heartily and passed the night pleasantly. The next day he returned home. He told Sanaka not to worry for their son’s life as he was going to erect a sealed chamber of steel up on Satali Hill, for the young couple to pass their bridal night. Cando made himself busy in the preparation for his son’s marriage. JAGARANA (PALA TWELVE) 1. Ignoring bad omens Cando started building the sealed chamber. When it was about to be finished Manaséi appeared before the architect and made him, by threat, leave a _ hair-breadth hole in a wall of the chamber. On the work being completed to his satis- faction Cando paid the architect and his assistants much more than they had expected. 2. The invited guests came from all quarters, with heavy loads of costly presents. Cando sent men with sumptuous presents to Sahe for the preliminary rite to be performed at the bride’s place. 3. The preliminary rite is described. 4. The corresponding rite at the bridegroom’s place is described. 5. The day of marriage dawned, and Cando performed the ceremony Vyddhisraddha. 6-7. Sanaka performed the usual mtes with other married women invited for the occasion. 8. Lakhindar put on his bridal robes. 9. Lakhindar started for the bride’s home. 10. Cando, his friends and followers, and guests invited or un- invited started in procession with the bridegroom. 30 282 MANASA-VIJAYA 11. The pomp and pageantry of the procession is described. A village fool made a diversion on the way. 12. Manasa sent her serpent-clouds and the marriage procession was scattered. 13. When the storm had passed over the party assembled again and soon reached Ujani. Coming to the door of Sahe's house the party found a big and heavy bell of steel and a ram made of the same stuff blocking the way in. Cando tried to push the bell away but he could not do so. Lakhindar came forward, took up of the bell and broke it into pieces, and he tore off the head of the iron ram. The sons of Sahe become frightened but were reassured by their father. Behula had a ceremonial walk through the town and worshipped Manasa (at a particular tree on the outskirts of the town). At Behula’s prayer Manas&é gave her an exquisite bodice richly embroidered by ViSvakarma. 14. The designs and patterns of the needle work are described. Kehula invited the goddess to come and see the marriage celebration. She returned home and the celebration started. 15. The women assembled admired the looks of Lakhindar and some of them deprecated their own match. 16. Behula, resplendent in her bridal robes, sat down on her appointed seat and the ceremony started. Manasa took her stand in the air to witness it. Lakhindar chanced to look upward and saw Manasa. He was struck with terror and fell down senseless. 17. Lament rose all round, and Cando was inconsolable. Behula did not lose head. She slipped away quietly and went up again to the sacred tree standing in Manasa’s Park. 18. She wept pitecously and supplicated to Manasa for her husband’s recovery. She was determined to end her life then and there if the goddess would not come to her help. 19. Behula was about to put a razor in her throat when the goddess appeared before her and intervened. Manasa gave Behula a golden pot containing potent water and sent her back home. She sprinkled some water on her husband’s inert body and he came round at once. 20. The people were overjoyed, and Cando, not knowing how his son was brought back to life, spoke ill of Manas. 21. The ceremony of Flower Canopy (‘puspera chayani’) was gone through. 22. Sahe formally joined the hands of his daughter and Lakhindar and bestowed on them gifts galore. THE POEM SUMMARIZED 283 23. WLakhindar dinec and retired to bed. Soon Behula joined him. She had taken with her a pair of pincers and a lidded basket of wicker-work. Manasa and Neto counselled together and sent forth a snake to bite Lakhindar. Behula was on the alert ; she put before the snake a cup of milk. As it was drinking the milk she caught it bv the head with the pincers and put it securely in the basket. She trapped three other snakes in the same manner. When Manasa came to inquire for the fate of the snakes Behula released them. 24. It was now daybreak, and Lakhindar woke up. He asked Behula to come with him to his home. Behula came to her parents to tell them of her husband’s proposal. 25. The party started smoothly and, passing by Pearl Lake and Phulota Town, reached home. Sanaka welcomed the _ bride. At night the couple were led to the sealed chamber. Behula warned her husband to be alert for Manasa’s snakes. 26. Presently Lakhindar felt hungry and asked Behula to cook him some food. Behul& protested at his absurd whim. But Lakhindar insisted, and Behul§ had to acquiesce. She took the few prain of rice from the ceremonial pot of luck (‘mangaliya hand’), broke open a cocoanut and put the grains in it and put it to boil by burning the bits from a piece of cloth soaked in ghee from the lamp. Lakhindar was satisfied with the meal and urged Behula to partake of the left over. But she would not. 27. Lakhindar was now fully aware of Behula’s charms and wanted to make love to her. 28. Behuld entreated him to desist as it was not done on the bridal night. Lakhindar was persuaded to keep quiet but he was dis- pleased with his bride. He lay himself down for sleep. Outside the chamber Cando had placed a strong guard of armed men as well as occult doctors, and had put himself in command, armed with the palmyra staff. Now Manasa and Neto commissioned the snake Kali to get into the chamber and bite the youngman. Kali would not dare go alone. So Manasa collected Sleep and Drowsiness and accompanied Kali to a distance (overhead) from the chamber. The snake insinuated into the chamber through the tiny hole left by the architect. She found the couple sound asleep. 29. The snake felt pity for Lakhindar and his parents and she did not like her job. But she remembered Manasa’s strictures 284 MANASA-VIJAYA and bit at a small toe of the bridegroom. The stab of pain wakened Lakhindar, and Behul§ also woke up at once. She saw the snake escaping and had the time to cut off the tip of her tail. 30. Lakhindar bemoaned his fate. 31. Behula took her husband in her arms and wept with him. Takhindar succumbed soon. 32. When Behula came to know that her husmand was no more she set up a loud lament. 33. Behula’s lament assured Manasa of her success, and she departed with her agents. The author makes a comment here: ‘when a sage dies he goes to the sun, but a snakebite victim becomes a serpent and goes to the domain of Manasa.’ The guards, unwilling to face Cando’s wrath, made themsclves scarce. Behula’s cries were heard by Sanakaé and she sent her maid to inquire. The tragic news was now out. Cando, brokenhearted, followed his distracted wife into the steel chamber. 34. Sanaka lamented piteonsly. 35. Cando lamented and put the blame on Manasé. 36. Cando tried to console his wife by saying that they would have no longer anything to fear from the One-eved. Sanaka took exception to her husband’s attitude and held him responsible for all her calamities. Behuld now joined with her mother-in-law in con- demning Cando for his unequal rivalry with the goddess. She then begged him to do a little thing for her dead husband. She asked him to build her a riverworthy crate that would carry her and the bodv of her husband to Manasé. She hoped to return with her husband brought back to life, and she supposed that Cando perhaps would not then refuse to pay his homage to the goddess. (31005 heart was softened and forthwith he had a nice crate built. 37. Before starting Behuli left, in the care of his mother-in- law, two omens for her safe and successful return. She lighted a earthen lamp with a few drops of oil and it would burn steadily for six months, and she sowed some boiled turmeric and rice in a corner of the vard and they would sprout—indicating that Lakhindar would come back alive. Cando argued with her not to make the foolhardy journey. He assured her every comfort at his home. Behul4 told him an old tale of a loyal wife who had brought back his dead husband to life, and she expressed her determination to do the same. TLakhnidar’s body was then nchly draped and put in the crate, THE POEM SUMMARIZED 285 38. Behula took leave of Sanaka in a moving manner, got into the crate and took charge of the body of her husband. 39. The vessel started down the Gungari. Sanakai lamented, and people on the two sides of the river were looking on sorrowfully. 40. Manasa& turned herself into a crow and perched on the vessel. Manasa asked her to take her message to her parents at Ujani. The crow at first demurred and then aereed. 41. Behula gave the crow her ring to convince her parents of the genuineness of the message. Sumitra sent her six sons to meet the crate when it came down near the village. TBehulaé saw her brothers approaching and talked to them from the vesscl. 42. Behul& made her excuses, told them of her determination and drifted away unti] she arrived at a turn of the river where Dhana- pula had his station. Dhana-pula stopped the vessel. 43. PBehula told him her sorrowful story. 44. Dhana-pulé let her go in peace. At the next turn of the river a vicious man, old and ugly, stopped her, and, hearing her story, claimed his relationship with Cando and wanted to take her to his home. Behuli would not do so, and the man at last Iet her go. The vessel] then came to a turn of the river where there were some notorious gamblers. They saw the rich vessel and thought it to be a pretty loot. Behula repeated her facts, but they would like to possess her as well as the vessel. She however threatened dire consequence for them if thev dared touch her or the vessel, and gave them some gold for gambling. They went back satisfied. Behula then came to the Anglers’ Turn where she met a cripple, hunchback and filthv, angling in the river. He fell in love with Behula and would take her home forcibly. Behnula put a curse on him and he was rendered helpless. Taking pity on him Behul4 withdrew the curse and was allowed to drift away in peace. At the next turn vultures fell upon the decomposed body, and Behula escaped from them with great difficulty. Then the vessel tonched the Tiger Turn. 45. A ferocious tiger was about to attack the vessel. Behula invoked the help of Manasa, and the tiger was removed. 46. Behula was assured by the voice of Manasi who remained invisible, and she rowed the vessel midstream. After some hard rowing she entered the river channel] that passed by Canaka. That place was infested by Buraniyas who moved about in the immaculate garb of holy men but robbed and killed whenever they could. They now saw the vessel floating by and took possession of it. Behula entreated to let her go but they would not listen to her. She then 286 MANASA-VIJAYA “mentally appealed to Manasé. The goddess made the robbers sight- less and pushed the vessel with her toe. The vessel gradually came to Caumukha, and there was nothing but water all around. Behul§ 1051 her bearings and wept. Manasa felt pity and sent Neto to fetch her. Neto became a washerwoman and came there with her son and a bag of dirty clothes to wash. She put her son to death and did her washing. Then she resuscitated the child and was about to go away with the clothes when Behul4 fell at her feet and recounted her sorrowful tale. She begged Neto to direct her to the domain of Manasa. Neto told her to follow her, and they came to the citv of the gods, Sijuya. 47. The charms of Sijuyai are described. Behuli came to the court of Indra and made a demonstration of dance. 48. Siva was charmed and made love to Behula. Behula was dismayed and angry too. 49. Behula told Siva what a shame it was that he would court her. 50. She excited his pity by her storv, and Siva sent Narada to bring Manasa there. Siva mildly reproved her for taking the life of Lakhindar on the bridal night. Manasa disclaimed any knowledge of the affair. Behula contradicted her and produced as evidence the tip of Kali’s tail she had cut off. She then tried to excite pity in १1317885 "5 heart. 51. Now Manasa narrated her indignities from Cando in each of the twelve months in a year: In Vaisakha Sanakaé was worshipping her sacred pot when Cando came and broke it into pieces and called her bad names. In Jaistha people evervwhere installed the goddess as a queen, but Cando never ceased speaking ill of her. In Asaédha Manasa came to Cando as his sister-in-law, and she destroyed his plantation and stole away his occult knowledge. She went in as a milkmaid and friend (of Kamala) and killed Dhanvantari. In Sravana Manasa had Dhana and Mana, the sons of a gardener, liquidated. In Bhadra she killed the six sons of Cando by the snake Kali, but Cando would still vituperate her. In A¢vina people worshipped Candi in eclat but there was nothing for her. She took away Behula (and her husband) from Indra’s court. In Kartika the goddess appeared to Cando in a dream and sent him to Patana. She attempted to inspire wawe at Kalidaha. In Agrahayana Cando reached Patana, and Manasaé made him stay there for twelve years. She did not receive any thrust from Cando during this period. In Pausa Manasa, in the guise of Sanaka, appeared in a dream vision and made Cando return home after heavy loss and bitter suffcrings. In Magha the goddess started the talk of the marriage between Behula and Lakhindar, she also put her curse on THE POEM SUMMARIZED 287 Behula as the latter was bathing in Pearl Lake, and boiled the steel globules for Behula. In Phalguna Cando was extremely insufferable, and he built the sealed chamber of stecl. In Caitra Siva was univer- sally worshipped and glorified, but Cando would not cast his glance on a person that would worship Manasa. In carly Vaigakha Behula’s mattiage was celebrated and Lakhai was fatally bitten by Kali. Behula supplicated to the goddess for the life of her husband. She believed that if the goddess would bring Lakhai back to life her fzther-in-law would surely admit the greatness of the goddess and worship her. In case he would not do so Behula promised to return to her forthwith. Manassa now relented and was ready to bring Lakhai back to life. 52. Manasa asked Behula to fetch the dead body. It was badly decomposed and fell to picces as it was handled. लाप] washed the bones clean and as she was doing so in the river an oversize cod gobbled a knec-cap. She at once brought it to the notice of the goddess who soon got it out of the fish. Manas& now arranged the bones and started the process of resuscitation. Manasa sat down. She pierced the horn (‘khadga’) through the orifice of the wind (‘pavana’), and by the noose of the wind the bones and the mind were jojned together. She sat in the posture of Garuda (‘garudaasana’) and muttered the following basic manira concerning drsit (sight), 2111457 (grasp) and 1८15 (concentration) in accordance With the unwritten process (‘niraksara tantra’): ‘In the burning of Tripura Siva’s mouth einitted fire, and the fire consumed the demons and remained on the earth. When King Prthu was milking the earth (as a cow) the venoin he had milked out he put away in the nether region (‘patala’). [he same venoin Vasuki entrusted to me, and listen to me, O venom, I tell thee the story of thy origin. Away, away, O venom, go away from Lakhai’s limbs ; by the command of Visahari, O venom, be eliminatcd in the opening of Lakhai’s wound. ‘Black (or deadly) venom came out of the churning of the sea of milk, and it was drained by the Lord of the World (i.e. Siva) in a sip. Venom originated in the sea from out of Kapila’s milk, and the gods entrusted it to Vasuki. Coming in touch with blood venom (destroys) the body of animal life ; do thou, venom, die out by the force of tantra (occult process) and mantra (incantation), by the command of Dharma. ‘We, father and daughter, tell thee the story of thy birth ; by the command of the Lord, O venom, do thou quickly turn into water. ‘On a particular occasion Kadri won over Vinata, but Garuda 288 MANASA-VIJAYA the latter) and vanquished the serpents (sons of Kadra). was born (to le er thee ; by the command of Garuda The same Garuda is hove 0. न venom, die out i the opening ‘The open sea is the place of the osprey ; in the name of osprey, O venom, be thou on the stir. ‘The Master (‘gosani’), Original Lord (‘adyanatha’) by name, spoke of Brahman ; by his name the venom is no more there in the the opening of the wound. ‘The heron circles over in the sky, and by the flapping of its wings venom quakes in fear. At its touch venom is consumed ; by the command of the heron, venom, remove thyself to the nether region.’ Manasa then muttered the essence of the great mantra, and the bones began to put on flesh and skin. Sages and others, as they die, go to the sun, but the husband of Manasa had died from snakebite. The goddess then took recourse to the occult power of Serpent Manipula- tion (‘naga-vaca’), and Kali came there at once and sucked up the venom. Manasa, then, muttering another mantra, struck on the back of the body with her palm, and Lakhindar got up in a flurry. Every- body was joyful. In this manner the six brothers of Lakhai were later brought back to life. ring 0४ of the 71 ound, ASTAMANGALA (PALA THIRTEEN) 1. Lakhai wanted to know how he had happened to come there, and Behula told him. Then Behula showed to the gods her dancing tricks accompanied by playing of drum (myrdanga) by her husband. The gods including Manasa were delighted at her performance, and the six elder brothers of Lakhai were resuscitated. Behula and Lakhai boarded the vessel for return home, and Manasa took charge. When they reached Kalidaha Behula requested the goddess for the recovery of the seven boats and the crew that her father-in-law had lost there. Manasa did accordingly. When they came to Canaka Behula told her husband of the misbehaviour of the Buraniyas. Lakhai was angry ; he got out from the vessel, and dealt them the penalty of death. At Tiger Turn he killed the tiger and built there a township known as Baghadanga. Similarly at Vulture Turn he started the town of Sakuninagara. They passed by other turns and came to Dhana-pula’s Tum. lLakhai paid Dhana-pula a large sum and laying the town Cauhata there appointed Dhana-pula as the chief. When they about to enter their own land Behula proposed something to her husband. THE POEM SUMMARIZED 289 2. Behula suggested that she, dressed as a Dom girl, might be allowed to meet Sanaka and to know how she and others were doing before their arrival was announced. Lakhai agreed and wove for her some fine baskets and finer fans. 3. Behula came to her father-in-law’s place, and everybody were struck with the good looks and charms of the Dom girl. Jhauya met her at the door and at once reported to Sanaka the arrival of the Dom girl that strangely enough reminded her of (लापा. Sanaka lost no time in coming to the door, and became painfully aware of the simi- larity between the Dom girl and her lost daughter-in-law. 4. Sanaka remained looking at the girl for an unconscionable time. She told the girl that her resemblance with Behuli had stirred up a deadened anguish in her heart. She recounted her miserable tale. 5. Behula wanted some food from her mother-in-law and went away to have a bath first. She narrated to Lakhai his mother’s scrrows, and he was moved. In the meantime the boats had reached the home port. Behula and Lakhai made a consultation and sent the captain Durlabha to Cando with the proposal that Cando should now agree to worship Manasa ; otherwise they would all go back to where they had come from. Durlabha led a gorgeous procession, and the king, hear- ing of it, sent Pandit Somai to inquire. On seeing the captain return from the dead the pandit was thunderstruck. 6. Durlabha delivered his message to Somai. The pandit took him by the hand and the two came to Cando. Cando welcomed the captain and heard from him Behula’s exploits. The happy news soon spread throughout. Cando with his wife, priest, councillors and attendants went to Rameévara Ghat to welcome the arrival. Cando was pleased beyond anything to see his sons and his crew return from the dead and his boats with cargo salvaged from the bottom of the river. Behula prostrated herself at the feet of her father-in-law and mother- in-law. Cando was moved and spoke affectionately and reverently to her. Others were vociferous in her praise. 7. Behula’s achievements are recounted. 8. Behuld urged Cando to worship Manaséi, and she was sup- ported by every one present. But Cando wanted to witness some wonderful act of Manasaé. He promised to pay his homage to the goddess unstintedly if his seven boats would sail on the land and arrive from the river port at his house-gate. Behula prayed to Manasa, and when the goddess appeared before her she repeated the request of her father-in-law. 2871288 consulted Neto and com- manded her seven principal serpents (m@ga) to carry the seven boats 37 290 MANASA-VIJAYA to the door of the house. When it was done Cando expressed his willingness to worship the goddess. Sanaka returned home with her sons and daughter-in-law. Arrangements for the worship were made on a grand scale, and a gorgeous water-pot sacred to Manasa was fashioned and a leafy twig of Sija was placed on the top. Various offerings of fruits and betel and nut were brought in, and all sorts of musical instruments were played. The ceremony started. 9. Cando worshipped the golden pot of the goddess and made various offerings including animals such as goats, rams and buffaloes. He extolled the greatness of Manasa. 10. Then he worshipped the sage Jaratkadru, Manas&’s son Astika, her councellor Neto and the eight m@gas and other serpents. When he came to the last flowers had been finished, and so he tore off hair from his whiskers and offered them to the serpents as flowers. Then appeared Manasa looking captivating and splendid. She was seated on the boa constrictor and held the snakes Kala and Vikala in her two hands. Her great tocs .were dipped into two water pots. Cando was visibly moved at the sight. He prayed to her to give him back his occult knowledge and his son. She gave him all except Behula and Lakhai. Cando praised her and asked her to place her foot on his head as an act of grace. The goddess did so. The cere- mony now came to an end. Cando affectionately embitaced Lakhai. 11. Manasa asked Behula to come away with her at once. Behula begged for a little time for inducing her husband to come away in peace. Jakhai was willing, and taking leave of the family the couple came to Manasad, and the goddess pulled them up in her chariot. When they were flying through the air Behula saw _ her father’s place down below. At her request Manasa stopped the chariot and permitted the couple to pay a short visit to the house of Sahe. Lakhai and Behula dressed themselves as a yogi couple. 12. Wearing long matted hair and carrings, smearing ashes all over their bodies, and carrying gourd shells, staves and other para- phernalia they, in single file—Lakhai in front and Behula behind, came to the town of Ujani. They walked from door to door but did not beg anywhere until they came to the door of Sa&he’s house. They sounded the horn and Sumitra came out to give them alms. She was moved to see the young yogi couple and asked them, with all eagerness, to stay there for some time. They reminded her, she told them, strongly of her lost daughter and son-in-law. Behula was moved at her mother’s sorrowfulness and she revealed their identity. She also allowed herself to be touched and embraced by her mother. Behula then told her what she had done, and finally begged leave of her. They returned to the chariot and soon reached the domain of Indra. THE POEM SUMMARIZED 201 Indra welcomed Manasa, but before admitting Aniruddha and Usa to his court he wanted to test them whether they had contracted sin by living among the mortals. He asked them first to walk along on the sharp edge of a razor five cubits long, and then threw them into the deep sea, with huge rocks attached to their waist. For the third and final test the couple was placed in a chamber made of lac and it was put on fire. By the grace of Manasa the couple came out unscathed from each of the three tests. Aniruddha and Usa won _ universal admiration and were accepted by Indra. Indra now wanted to hear from Manasaé how her worship was instituted in the world of men. 13. Manasa told Indra very briefly her story (‘vratakatha’) from the beginning. Indra was delighted and heaped honours on _ the goddess. She then returned to her own place Sijuya Hill. The final lines run thus: ‘If one listens to this story in complete one’s earthly possessions and progeny are increased and al] harm removed. He never dies from snakebite and he lives happily here and gets to heaven hereafter. It must never be doubted that the Great Mother will safely take him over the sea of the mortal life. Whocver sings or causes to be sung this ritual song the goddess is ever ready to help him. ‘Lastly the singer ‘and the player (of the drum) beg for this boon: may they always retain their devotion to you. ‘May you ever fulfil the wishes of the person for whose good I have sung this your story. ‘Do you please fulfil the desire of all these people that are assembled in this hall. ‘May the folk that dwell in this village never experience sorrow and bereavement. ‘Shout the name of Hari and go home, you folk. The Manasa- mangala song has now come to an end. Vipradasa the brahman bows down and says: May I have admittance to your feet in the next world.’ The roman numerals indicate the section (‘ pala "). The numerals in itfalics indicate the line. 1 2 14. The eighteen-armed figure of the goddess Candi is described in the following verse quoted in Utpala’s commentary on Brhatsamhita (ed. Sudhakar Dvivedi, Banaras 1897) 50.57: candtkastadasabhuja sarvapraharananvita tryaksa simharatha dhanya mahisdsuramardini. ‘Candika (is to be made) eighteen-armed, equipped with all kinds of weapons, three-eyed, lion-bourne, majestic and engaged in slaying the buffalo demon.’ 1 3. The goddesses in tantric Buddhism, corresponding more or less to Visahari-Manasa-Neto of Brahmanical tradition, are also de- scribed as wearing snake-ornaments. Janguli has white serpents as ornaments (Sadhanamdala 106, 122) and she is shaded by a _ seven- hooded serpent (ibid. 117). Kurukula (Kurukulla) wears, according to the treatise Sitakurukullasadhana (ibid. 185) ascribed to Savara-pada the Siddha, Ananta (blue) as topknot, Taksaka (red) as eaczring, Sankhapadla (yellow) as neckchain, Kulika (multi-coloured) as armlet, Karkotaka (green) as the sacred thread, Vasuki (white) as girdle, Maha- padma (white as lotus stalk) as neckband, and Nanda and Upananda (white) as anklets.1 Ekajata, according to the description by Lalita- gupta (ibid. 128) wears ferocious nagas (krurandgabharanabhusita) in the following manner: Karkotaka (blue) as topknot. Taksaka (red) as necklace, Nanda and Upanada (yellow) as 6971768, Ananta (5८८, white) as the sacred thread, Vasuki (swkla, white) as girdle, Kulika (pigeon-coloured) as righthand wristlet, Sankhapala (dhavala, white) as lefthand wristlet, and Padma and Mahadpadma (red) as anklets. 1 4 290. Vipradasa’s derivation of the name Nirvasini is probably not correct. In the Assamese version the goddess is called Digambari ‘naked’. This appears to be the real meaning of Nirvasini (the same size. One was a pitcher (‘bara’) and the other a smaller pot (‘bari’): ‘suvarnera bari haila suvarnera bara’. v 7.2 30. ‘hemtalera danda’ is gencrally accepted as 8 stick of hintala (Elate Paludosa) the marshy date tree. As a weapon it has not the least value nor is there any mention anywhere of the magic property of the plant. I think ‘hemtala’ is ‘hematala’ (as in Jagat- jivan). It was the insignia possessed by Cando, the supreme sign before which a naga had to bow down. The sign of the golden palm belonging to Sesa the king of the n@gas dwelling under the depth of the Yamuna, is mentioned in Bhagavata-purana 10. 26. 49: tasya madhye sahasrasyam hematalocchritam dhvajam. v 13-14. Manasa’s seduction of Cando is reminiscent of the gods sending Vak to take away soma from the Gandharvas: te vacam Strivam Rrtva mayam wupasrjal....te brahma gandharva avadann agayanta devah. sa devin pidayata upfivartata “They made Vak (‘Speech’) a woman and sent away as deception. ... The Gandharvas talked brahman (‘spiritual knowledge’) but the gods sang. She came to the gods that were singing.’ (Kaptsthala-katha-samhita 37. 1-2; cf. Maitrayani-Samhita 3. 7. 3). Gandharva and brahma of the vedic story correspond to ‘Gandhavanik (Cando)’ and ‘mahajnana’ respectively in the Bengali saga. Manasé played the same trick to liquidate Dhanvantari and his two disciples Dhanad and Mana. vi I 59-60. See under ii 14. vi r 69-70. This power is implied in the derivation of the name Dhanvantari from dhanvan ‘dry soil, desert’ as well as ‘bow’. In vedic magic lore drying up was one of the usual processes of remov- ing poison (cf. RV व. 107. 16; AV 5. 13. 8-11, 6. 100. 3). vi 1 87. It may be surmised that Sankha-Dhanvantari was _ so- called because his emblem (dhvaja, ketu, lanchana) was a conch shell (Sankha) or he had won this emblem from Sankha. A conch shell signified safety from poison and misfortune and ensured pros- perity. vi I 133-136, 2 1-26. Cf. Kurukulla-sidhana by Krsna-pada (Sadhanamala 181): tdrsair abharanair ugrair bhisito mantravit sada ‘A master of the mantra always appears adorned with such virulent (snakes as) ornaments’. Devi-purdna (9. 47. 57-58): stotrasiddhir bhaved yasya sa visam bhoktum isvarah nagaisca bhusanam krtuad sa bhaven nagavahanah. nagasano nagatalpo nagasiddho bhaven narah. ‘The man who is successful in (mastering) this hymn is com- petent to consume poison. Wearing serpents as ornaments he 304 MANASA-VIJAYA can ride on serpents. Such a man can sit on a serpent (as on a seat), lie on a serpent (as in a bed) and become a master of the serpent (lore).’ vi. 2 25. ‘Sire jaya-neta ure’ clearly indicates that ‘jaya-neta’ was worn like a turban, and it was also symbolic of the banner (pataké) of Neto. vi 2 26. Scholars, occultists, wranglers and wrestlers were awarded bangles as the certificate of victory in contest. Such bangles were known as Wrangler’s Bangles (‘bada-khirv’). vl 5 32. According to Visnu Pala Sankha’s residence was in Sankhini-nagara. v1 12 37. Touching the nose was a gesture of astonishment. vi 13 7. ‘bhara’ technically means an irresistible magic infliction. vi 13 16. See ii 14 27. vi 15 7-2. The snake here behaves as a cloud. vi 16 2-12. Sce ili 9 3-14. vi 18 5. The doctor was in Garuda-dsana, i.e., his bodily func- tions were stopped in order to retard the progress of the poison. vi 18 13-15. The doctor’s body was thus to be offered as offer- ing (vali) to the Eight Nagas presiding over the cight quarters. vii 4 7-2. Cf. RV Io. 155. 3: ado vad daru plavate sindhoh paré apurusdm tada ramasva durhano téna gaccha parastaram. ‘The log that floats down there without a man to the other end of the river, thereat do then rejoice, O misfortune, and by that go thou the farthest.’ vii 4 9-14. In Visnu 5155 version of the story Dhanvantari for- bad cremation of his body but wanted it to be interred in a house standing in the centre of the town. He then promised a _ return after six months. But Manasa induced Dhanad and Mana to cremate the body of their guru. vil 5 7-8. Cf. RV 7. 59. 12: tryambakam yajamahe sugandhim pustivardhanam urvarukdm iva bandhanan mriyor muksiya ma'mrtat. ‘We worship Tryambaka that wears fragrance and increases prosperity ; like a cucumber (urvadruka) from its stem may I be released from death, never from immortality.’ The following verses quoted by Halayudha in Br&ahmana-sarvasva (edited by Tejascandra Vidyadratna, second edition 1891 p. 134) show NOTES 305 clearly that the connection of sugandka with Siva was not forgotten in popular religion of the twelfth century Bengal. sam puspitasya urksasya yathi gandhah susobhanah atidtrat tatha tasya gandhah sambhor mahatmanah tasmat sugandho bhagavan gandharayati Sankarah. gandharasca mahadevo devanam api lilaya sugandhas tasya loke’smin vayur vati nabhastale. tasmat sugandhitam devam sugandhim pustivardhanam tasya retah pura Sambhor harer yanath pratistitam. Herein we find an indication why Cando’s tutelary deity has been called Sugandha or GandheSvari. Here is also another reason of Cando being a Gandhavanik. vii 5 18. The carrying of a gold tablet attached to the top end of a pole was the traditional process of such public proclamations. Cf. the story of the serpent Janmacitra in the palm-leaf manuscript of a Buddhist Vinaya text from Gilgit (edited by N. Dutt, vol. ii, p 126): tato raja suvarnapitakam dhvajagre baddhva sarvavijite ghanta- vaghosanam karitam: ya _ uttarapancalavisayaj janmacitram nagapotam anayet tasyemam suvarnapitakam dasyami mahata ca satkarena satkarisyamitt. ‘Then the king, having a gold basket tied at the top of a flag staff, made this proclamation by the ringing of bell throughout his domi- nions: ‘Whoever would bring the young दन Janmacitra from the land of Uttara-Pajicala, to him I shal! give away this gold basket and I shall bestow high honour on him.’ vii 5 30. ‘ubhara’ is udbhara ‘levitation or annihilation’; ‘sam- bhara’ is ‘paralysation or petrification’; ‘nisambhara’ is ‘anti-sam- bhara’ . vii 5 32. ‘naga-vaca siksa’ is the magic lore that gives one the power of assembling and dismissing serpents at one’s will. vii 5 33. ‘nipuksana’ is obviously a mistake for miksepana. vii 6 75. Their guru sported thirty-six banners. vii 8 33-36. In some rural areas in south-west Bengal the day of making friendship (‘sayala’) is still observed. Before friendship is formally made by two persons by exchange of garlands (—not of flowers—) Manasa (or the Sija plant) is worshipped. vii Im 27. Naga-vaca (now known as ‘sap-cala’) is the occult power of making snakes appear and disappear at one’s will. viii 1 47, 57. Dhamai is the chariot. In Visnu Pala it is Madhai, which reminds us of the car of the ASvins (madhuwarna, madhuvahana). viii 5 77. See Notes v 7 7-10 viii 6 g. The original reading probably was: ‘bhabiya manasa- dei dvija vipradasa kai 39 306 MANASA-VIJAYA viii 8 51-52. See Notes vii 4 1-2. viii 8 54. Visnu Pala’s description of the disposal of the dead bodies by Manasa and Neto is very interesting and is quoted below. Kali took the crates to Neto and reported her achievement to Manasa. e katha suniia mata uthila hasina. se-khane haite mata karila gaman jarani-mandape jana dila darasan. neto cha-ta tamar kurya anila tania chay kalasi visa tay dileka dhalina se1 chay mana dekha visete bhajina jarani-mandape mara. rakhila tanina. (500) ‘On hearing this report Manasa (literally, the mother) laughed, and from there shc madc a move. She came to the Hall of Decay (‘Jarani-mandapa’). Neto pulled out six copper coul- drons and poured six pitchcrs of poison into it. Lo! she fried the six dead bodies in poison and hung them stretched in the hall.’ viii 77-76. The story of Usd and Aniruddha here presupposes the story of Bana and his fight with Krsna as described in Visnu- purana, Harivamsa and Bhagavata. Bana had associations with the nagas and was a devotce of Siva. ix I 3. Read: ‘survarna saimbura puri.’ ix 2 2. Read: ‘aneka chagala mesa kariya validane’. ix 3 35. Read: ‘ketab korane raji’. ix 4 15-16. This couplet is probably interpolated. Kharadaha acquired sanctity only after Nityananda the Vaishnava saint settled here sometime in the fourth decade of the sixteenth century. The whole poem (4) may be an interpolation as the places down Triveni do not occur in the account (8) of the voyage given by Cando to the king of Anupama Patana. ix 6 4. The na@ga’s connection with cloudburst, thunder and rain is very old. ir 6 17. ‘Hematala’ (‘Henitala’) originally meant the palmyra standard of gold. Taladhvaja (palmyra standard) was the sign of Ananta (or Sesa) the king of दऽ, and no naga could disobey the possessor of it. ix 8 26. Anupama Patana was obviously not in Simhala. x I 22. Read: ‘ara vadhi tihari’. x 5 9. ‘afigari’ may be ‘anguri’ ‘‘ring’’; it may also be the copyist’s misreading of the original ‘a(m)kuri’ ‘‘stick’’. x 9 18. ‘dinga abharana’’ is obviously a mistake for ‘dingara bharana’. NOTES 307 x 72. (21005 plight described here is perhaps faintly reminis- cent of the meagre story of Bhujyu in RV 1. 116. 5, 3; 182. 7ab: tugro ha bhujyim asvinodameghé rayim na kdscin mamrva’m dvahah * tdm thathur naubhir atmanvatibhir antarntksaprudbhir apodakabhih. ‘In a cloud burst Tugra left Bhijyu, 0 Agvins, as a dying man (parts with his) possessions. You carried him (to safety) in boats animated and flying through air and untouched by water.’ anarambhane tad avirayethim anasthané agrabhané samudré yad asviné tihathur bhujyium dstam Satanitram navam dalasthiva’msam., “You made him struggle manfully in the flood where there was no support, no station and no hold. Then, O Asvins, you bore Bhujyu home, placed in a boat with a hundred oars’. kudh suid vrkso nisthito madhye drnaso yam taugryd nadhitdh pary dasvajat. ‘What indeed was the log that remained firm in the midst of the flood, which the son of Tugra, supplicating, clung to?’ In Visnu Pala’s version of the story Siva and Candi, invoked by Cando, came to his 1८5८. Cando’s invectives against Manasa were not liked by Siva and he left his devotee to his fate. But Candi stood by him and brought down her demons to fight against the serpents of her step-daughter. The demons were pushed back by thc serpents, and Candi called in Garuda who had been away in KuSadvipa. Garuda could not stand before the zdgas headed by Ananta. Candi then called in Hanuman and told him to take Cando and his boat to safety in the lower region. Bali the king of the lower region welcomed Cando as his guest. Cando passed his days happily in playing chess with his host. In the meantime Lakhai was growing up, but Cando’s state was gradually passing over to the control of his personal servant Nera. At the direc- tion of Manasa the fishermen brothers Jalu and Malu went to the nether region and informed Cando of the state of affairs at home. But Cando did not care to return home a poor man. Jalu and Malu approached Vasuki for help. Vasuki pushed him up, and Cando found himself float- ing in waters. His subsequent troubles and indignities are not recount- ed in detail by Visnu Pala. x 12 61, 70. Cf. ndubhiy adtmanvdlibhth (RV 1, 116. 3c). xX 13 z-2. Cf. RV 1. 1097. 3. x 18 20. The reading ‘Cautala’ is uncertain ; it may be ‘Caitala’ or ‘Baitala’. 308 MANASA-VIJAYA x 19 6. Read ‘sabhajana’ (‘‘attendants and crew’’) for ‘subha- Jana.’ x1 5 34. ‘Mukuta sahara’ is a corruption for ‘Mukuta sayara’ ( 33 3-6. This is interesting. A snake-bite casualty became a serpent in after life and belonged to Manasad-Neto. 1 40. The crow was the messenger of Ill-luck (déto nirrtyah); ef. RV ro. 165. NOTES 399 ॐ1 44 6. ‘goda’ appears to me as a folk-etymologica] transforma- tion of godha, a large species of water lizard. The description of Janadrdana is built upon the mearing of ‘goda’, ‘‘suffering from elephantiasis.’’ All the enemies (satvavah) Behula encountered at each turn of the river are mentioned in AV 4. 3: vydghra, purusa, vurka, taskara, aghdyu, datvati rojjw (=‘barisiva’, ‘‘angler’’), godha, yaiu- dhana (‘sorceror’; =‘buraniya’ of Vipraddsa). This furnishes an important proof of the theory that the Manasa saga is built up on very old material. “barasvara’ = ‘barisiyara’ (‘‘of the angler’’). xii 47. This description of Sijuya Hill shows that the name 15 based on siddha ‘successful in spiritual practice.’ xii 48 6. ‘lobhe’ may be an error for ‘labhe’ or ‘labhe’. xli 49 5, 6. ‘mahima’ is probably > substitution of ‘bariya’ (‘‘greatness’’) which would rhyme with ‘tariya’ in the next line. Or ‘tariya’ may be restored to ‘tarima’ (“‘urging’’). xii 49 ro. ‘sane’ should be changed tc ‘ghare’ in order to rhyme with ‘samsdre’ in the previous line. xii 51 22. ‘duricara’ should be corrected to ‘duraksara’. xii 52 52. ‘asilena’ should be changed to ‘asi pila’ (‘‘came and sucked up’’). xii 52 59. ‘jagarana’ is so-called as this section, containing the climax of the story, was sung throughout the night. xiii क 45. ‘bara seyalera’ is a mistake for ‘barisiyara’ (x11 44 6). xiii 7 43. This is an echo of RV 1 116. 3 (see p. 307). Cf. Visnu Pala: rajar bhagyer katha kahanc na jay caudda-khana dinga rajar sukhanete jay. ‘The extreme luck of the king cannot be expresesd ; his fourteen boats came (home) floating over the dry ground.’ And Ketakadasa: camda banya bale dmi tabe एप] tay Sukhanete caudda dinga yadi ghare jay. ‘Canda the merchant replied: I shall worship her if the fourteen boats come home floating over the dry ground’. xiii 8 53. MS. reads ‘sat nage’. शा 8 54. ‘buhitra’ should be read ‘buhite’ to rhyme with “turite’. xiii 8 60. ‘sakata’ should be read ‘Sankha’. 310 MANASA-VIJAYA xiii 8 85-86. The rhyme ‘aémbra: fmra’ should be read ‘amba: jamba’ or ‘ama: jama’. xili Ir 35. ‘suvadani’ may be read ‘sundari’ to rhyme with ‘dhari’. : xill 72 5. ‘doyadasga’ (cf. ‘thala vasa’ 35) probably means a piece of cloth or string or some such thing twelve fingers long, which was carried by a yogi; cf. ‘dvadas amgul’ (Gorakh-vani, pp. 41, 53). xili 12 75. ‘laiya’ should be read ‘ay’. xlli 73 4. ‘astamangala’ means the auspicious rites on the eighth day when the functions come to an end. In ‘Mangala’ poetry it means the verse that sums up the main incidents of the incident and closes the poem. It also indicates the closing ‘Pala’ (in Vipradasa the thirteenth). ऋ 13 83--84. This couplet appears to be a recent interpolation. GLOSSARY Perso-Arebic words are indicated by asterisk. The numerals indicate the page. A= Arabic ; P=Persian. . ख कांग ‘vociferous and tearful,’ १४) ‘three and a half’, २.) = Bere ‘in terror’. : * GlSca, यांर्ट्म ‘in the rays ( of the sun )’,

) ‘knee-cap’. Soa the yogic nerve ida, < ida + pingala. e रेखांतु ‘trousers’, < A izar. छेखवनि (४२) the name of a town, < udyamanika. ठेखवनि-न्‌ क (98४) ‘the turn of the river near Ujavant’. 314 MANASA-VIJAYA ठेखानि = छख वनि, < udyanika or ujjayini. Cate (२७) = ठेकानिष्न।. ‘having dug up and scattered (soil)’, < utksala-. Sw (with रन्‌, 92) = छे ( < udgam-) or bry ( < udelt ) ‘rises’, or Cy > ‘lord of the stars’. Cwafa (res) ‘perturbed’, ) = SYS. छेट्ड (२०) ‘in height’, ) ‘enquiry, search’, ९) ‘somewhere’. FCA = कृ. कश्च (wa) a snake. कनि (७७). 8 snake. कनकषटिणि (2) a snake. -* ~ FAB (५२४.) = कनि. @foaty a musical instrument. कवृटक (8) = FAH. fq (४७१, 98७) == के ‘I say, it is said’, २) = कडि ‘weeps’. sta (see) Krsna. कानि (०) ‘rag’. कानि (कनौ) an abusive name of Manasa; literally ‘one-eyed’, < kana. Fic (४३४), कट्क्घ ‘on the shoulder’, < skandha. कंन (४७०) ‘fun’, ) ‘beating at ’, ) ‘coarse cloth’ (?) * FUT (vc) ‘hurt, affliction’, , 969) = (कांत ‘Socket (of the eye)’. CBT] (५२९) ‘wild duck’; cf. kaérandava. (कट (५२९) ‘is angry’, ) ‘a small quantity ( of liquid)’. catayfa (२२७) ‘angry’. (करटगेट = HC ‘IN a Moment’, cafs (५8) = कडि ‘harm, loss’, (कय (ws) ‘patience’, (sev) ‘forbearance’, (9४१) ‘stop’, < 6४41012 (क्कम्‌ (३०8), CRATE (२७०) ‘do pardon’ ¢) a kind of rice cake stuffed with cream. शुषि (>02) ‘aunt ( 1. €. wife of father’s younger brother)’, ) ‘delight’,

>) a low caste. शीष (नचेत्‌) STFA ( 98a, २२७, २२.१, २२४ ) ‘boat hands’. atta (१९) ‘sings’, ) ‘household prosperity’, ४१) members of a marching army or procession carrying a tall bamboo flagstaff. v. 495. fate (99) ‘of the neck’, ) ‘artillary men’, ) ‘cannon ball’, 2¢) ‘small opening in a dyke or embankment’, ) ‘strap that moves the churning stick’. v. धूप. (वात्र (929) ‘turbid’. ceca ‘proclaims’, ) a waterfowl, >) ‘wakens’, , ०४१) ‘on a bamboo pole’. (क न्‌ (५४०, ५४१५) ‘banana skin’. ८४ शटन (२8) ‘in the jaw’. (फो क्र ‘door frame’, ). cBYStal (२२९) ‘porch, pavilion at the gate’, <#atustara==catvara. (दत्तेन (४8) ‘four-poled palanquin’,. <«* caturdolaka. Byer (५४७) ‘carrier of four-poled palanquin’. स. COCR TA. (नां (५९७) a game (dice), ) something like a doll’s house made as part of women’s marriage ritual, < ई. रे (vy, 200) ‘making # dash’, 86 BE-UF # cer (७१). v. CHa. छंरे (sb) a bird (9) BISA, waecat a nume of Manasa. खशणि a name of Manasa $ ) ‘eagerness’, <-yatna. BCS Y — Fell AX. « एवांव्‌ ‘reply, talk’, ) ‘offering of water to the honoured dead’, apefe (20>), whet (७) a nome of Manasa ; janguli. GLOSSARY 325 esta (५७) ‘offers freely’, < ydcayali. oth) wt) (१२) ‘large and small sticks’, < yasti-. Gifs (४७) as in qanl कडि, = गं ifs ‘ pressure’ (१) ) ‘you had known’. # wirefy the name of a Mussalman maid servant; २>) किद्ग ‘in the tongue’. @icq ‘shall live’, कीन (950, 22) ‘came back to life’, < jivat. afen, afm ‘having measured accurately’. a fiatfi—caifstet ‘a yogt woman’. | Bam (२७०) ‘a ‰/0 man’, < 1047. wary (१०) ‘fighter’, <(#yudhyukdra. BS (20>)=casfs ‘glow’. BS ECS (२४६) =युट्व ye. ‘in herds or bands’. Bale (29) ‘attachment, i. e. ornament’, ) ‘thunder or flash ( of lightning )’. 320 MANASA-VIJAYA 4FITA (225) ‘thunders, flashes’. are (se) ate ‘a flight of birds’. arafz (se) « kind of drum, ) ‘water pot with a snout’. arate. ४. कानीन. arf (228) ‘a kind of lidded wicker casket’. fa Grays (२७७) ‘daughter and son-in-law’. 4S (22) ‘(a growth like) a forelock’. acs (२8६) 1४ the forelock’. दमूकि (ss, 598) ‘festoon’ (9) a4 (vw) ‘sheds tears (in delight)’, fam (२२१). वनि (200) ‘pouch’. Ais कन (>०). Bae (>) a kind of musical instrument. ठन (208) ‘spills’, >) ‘hang up high’, ) ‘hard push’, न्‌ (२५१२) ‘a lump’. (गन (&>) a kind of drum. ङक रेक] (१०, १७७) ‘cap’. उरश्न =-टेखन. ङ्क] (582, 962) ‘coin’. * Sofa ‘salutation’, २ ङक. fsfta =fsfea a bird, <. fsa, डतर (७) ‘lower beams of a thatched roof’. छिना ‘the wooden beams on the top of walls to which the frame of the thatched roof is fastened.’ fourafs (229), ferrite fears ‘sun’. fisef& ‘three-peaked oven,’ >७) ‘quilt’, ) क श्र. शग्रकि (vs, १६) ‘archer, bowman’, ) ‘bad woman’. शिक (ca) —afes. शून्यत ्मन (२७२) ‘died countlessly’. धमि (>). ५. प्रमति. धूगिग्रा (वा| (2) a snake. धूम, ¥4,—yy. ‘smoky, i.e. smoke’. caffe (२१९) ‘washerwoman’. OTHE ‘having contemplated’, ¢>) ‘a ceremony done on the ninth day after the birth of a son’, ०७) = निट्कनंमै (?) faafua (>) ‘completed’, ) =-निखटन्‌ ‘emits’ or निष्कृटत्‌ ‘utters’. निमकटक (२५५) निरश्मट्. v. निशकटष्- « निमान्‌ (२२९) ‘banner’,

) == ८्न षङ. CHATS (१५) ‘in the south-west corner’, <(nairrta. * (नोक्त ‘anchor’, <-> langar. ॐ sqsfyq (५७) ‘prophet’,

%>) ‘fowler’s net’. | 1G (8 9), AG] ‘a kind of drum’, to) an item in women’s ritual in marriage. ifs ‘having muttered (incantations)’. ofsaaw7gt a name of Manasa. -नंखांजन (१०७) = याजन. GLOSSARY 333 Mots (२३), tafe (४१०) ‘lotus stalk’. ATI (200) ‘lotus-born’. * शंसत्न (४४) ‘foot soldiers, men on foot’,

8) ‘armoured soldier’, literally ‘armour’, ) ‘mailed (1.८. war) horse’. v. शयन. नौं दौनिभ्रा ‘having washed clean’; *tatfae $ 8¢). ४. tcBtata TTS (b,>99) ‘lintel’ “ATG, YG] (>80) ‘seasoned pumpkin’, ) ‘palanquin’, ) ‘rice paste’, ) = शशं नैर्‌ ‘betel nut and betel leaf’. Ata समाग (२३२) ‘of the size of a big round paddy container’ <‘piutaka-. roof’, offer (२२१) =खगी-भूरम HA (९,२७२) = भूनीरखि. # CATWA (208). ए. नतभ्रु. * CANT] (४१) ‘messenger, footman’,

a, 99%) ‘plinth’. cotata (१४) ‘loose paddy straw’, >). v. वष्मिग्राल. afG (२५११) ‘pill’, ¢8) ‘sister’. v. विनी. # वृनूकि (vs) ‘a musketeer’,

्) ‘unguent, oil’, ४८) ‘betelnut given as tribute to a tough man’. वृंकूणि (ee) ‘house’ (2), ) a bird. | atq-BfG (७९) ‘tiger-skin’. aty-stfet (३९७) a kind of children’s chess game. atetf (28) a style of fencing or wrestling. ® at (9४8) ‘pyrotechnics’,

9) ‘a wrangler’s bangles’. ate, ater (५२५) ‘in conflict with’. वारि (ses) ‘a snake charmer’. वान (>७, 999) ‘banner’, ) ‘father’. ECE फन्‌ (४9) berries of the plant ४४४). aq (38,593) ‘in the arm’, ) ‘wristlets’. वटक. ४. 4B. © तरि (ve). ४. वाजि. विकि (५०४) ‘sale’, >) =वृदट्षिऊ. ‘hungry’. GLOSSARY 339 वियति ‘deliberation; thoughtful, sad’, ) a snake. CARE (२५२). v. ES. (दणि वाणि. caf (८४,२२>), a musica] instrument. स्ना = तांनिश्च| ‘a man of the trader class’. cary (४७४) द़गांत्र ‘transaction, trade’. CTSTY (d0,908) = वावर्त. CHG (५>8) = वृक्ष. Cam मणि (see) ‘a stick of bilva branch’, ) a snake. (वां. ४. WBTAG) (३१३). caitq (५२१) ‘by the speech’, ९>) ‘one who has contact with evil spirit’, १) varictics of acute poison. cuff ‘penetrated’; (पिशा (२५५). Com (sey) ‘raft’. CIB (383,999) ‘Tibetan woollen stuff’. acy ‘moves about’; खमख; safy ; ) a musical instrument, ‘==, नरकन (?) qorfa (8२) ‘having done an auspicious rite with’, >) 2 pot containing articles used in auspicious rites in marriage’. « wafer ‘assembly’, ,०९०,४>8) == गगर), यगु ‘attachment’. eq (अक्र) a kind of drum, muraja. e3% (७४) ‘man, strong man’,

, ५३) ‘great magic infliction’. महो मह (2) a serpent. मृरिगा (२५४) is an error for afex{ as warranted by rhyme. TTS (99). ate (२५२) ‘wife’. area, ate ‘a box-like vessel, raft’, , ०४८९) a class of people allied to fishermen; cf. malla. गांनाकांत (२०९) ‘a man of the gardener class’. aifaa Fary (२२०) ‘son of a gardener’. * गोलूम कु 1(sv) ‘main mast’ (?) ¢0,22¢) ‘by the enchantment of the friend’. # faa (as in coal भिना ) = Freel १ # fizqa (५४६) == मतव ‘captain of the fleet’,

) ‘together’, ) ‘to open (the eyes)’. cafe (५8२) ‘(the boat) started.’ + caratfa (69), (मांकाौय (२8७) ‘lords, masters’, >,४७), WA (४१४) ‘wooden strips for panelling’. zy (५>.४७) “cross beam of a thatched roof’, # Cate (99>) ‘daily subsistence or allowance’,

९७) == Grapes. नन्कटकबु (290) ‘of a lac’. ate the familiar form of the name afewa (afireen). afa (239) ‘I think’, २७) ‘(if you) do contrary to’; afeqa, afeqy|, नटश्च. Tegal (२२२) = arTatyal ‘down faced’, ae (१७) ‘blood’, 96) = HSA. नाव weet (sco) ‘acid dish made of gourd’, ) a snake. मतु] (*>४२) ‘bowl’, ४०) = मष्थंतांखं ie. मह «ets. wafer] छि (२) a snake. wee (४१) ‘do cease’; wafe, wefan ; , ७४) ‘step-mother’. ४. मड). मुर] भिनर। (- ७२) ‘having somehow passed’, >¥) ‘all out magic infliction’. v. sta, fappera. ACN, ARTA (७६, ७४) ‘do accost’, >28} = मवींदाक्र. ‘commander in chief’. मपृत, AYA = TOA ‘father-in-law’, मषटटम्‌ (282). V. वष्ट. AAS. ४. AT. FRA. ४. YPC. मरि, महौ ‘woman friend’, ), HGF (४७) a type of beam in a thatched roof. aoa (ses) an animal. भाषि (४8५) ‘song of boatmen when pulling oars’, >) दषा “praiseworthy’. मोनि-िमा।नि (>०४)- ४. शोनि-विभोनि, wife a bird, ) ‘of glass’. fareaty (200) = गणना. “blow from a horn’. z's (s+> with Wes) ‘happy married woman’, 8०) = Beats or Yetaq ‘dried leaf of bitter taste used in cooking’, <(suska-. QT (93°) = EH. Wats (५9०) “free movement’, ) ‘a saiyad’, )-- खखक्रमु ‘crossbeams supported by columns’. CoA. ४. BAA. Bs (>७>) = खन, CBE (२२१) (चद्‌. « क्क (छ) ‘truth’, )=Bs ‘rivalry, daring’ एति (*>४) ‘a wicker box for keeping snakes BCSl-gs2y (२२०) ‘a very miserable fellow’, °) ङग gfe ‘having walked on all fours’. literally ‘having made with difficulty a movement’, ) = शनिश्च] a snake ; literally, ‘slender as a neck chain ) ‘shouts or urges’. ५. ute. ह कांत्रिश्र| (ve, 9२९, 365) ‘having called up’, <*hakkaray-. # faye (७१) ‘to Hindus’. # feaatf (४७) ‘follower of Hinduism’,

, 86, १९१). Sce Notes p. 306. CECA (२२९) ‘like (this)’. (श्‌, cecal “here, now’. (श्ना (३२०७, २७२) यदटश्ने] ‘neglect.’ ददेखाट्नत (२४५). ४. CRB. = INDEX Agni-puradna xxxv fn., xl fn., 296 Amrta xxxvi, xxxvili Ananta xlii Aniruddha 305 ApSaras xxix, xxxvii, xli Arayi xxix, ऋक, 297 Arittha viii ‘Astamangala’ 310 Astavakra 297 ASvins xxix, xxxiii, xxxvi, xxxix, xli, 298, 300, 301 Atharvaveda xxxi, xxxiv, Xxxvi, XXXVii, XxXXviii, xxxix, xl, xii, 295, 299, 303, 308, 309. Avestan xxxvi Alamba(ya)na, Alampayana viii Gpas xXxxvii apya yosa xxxil Astika 299 Balarama ऋ ‘Bathau’ xiii Baudhayana 299 Bauls xxxvii ‘bada-kharu’ 304 Bahura (Bahura) Brahmani xxii Banesvar Ray xvi ‘bara’, ‘bari’ 303 Behula xxxv Behulaé-lakhindaram xiv ‘Belali’ xxvi एल पाण xxvi Bhagavan-candra Visarad xvi Bhadgavata-purdna 298, 299, 303, 306 Bhesajo jalaésah 301 Bhujyu 307 Bhuridatta-jataka viii Bihula-kathad xxvi fn. Boar xxxix Brahma xxxv Brahmiani xxii, xxxv Brahmavatvarta-purdna 295 Brahmana-sarvasva 304 1. Brhatsamhitad 293 Brhaspati 297 Buddha 297 Byadi xxxvi Byddibhaktitarangini xxii, xxviii f- Caitanyadais Mandal xxix Candi (Candika) 293, 307 Candimangala xii Candradhara 300 षव ~» ~~ ---~ ~ ^" न= ~ + == ~~ ~ = ~ == ~~~ ~~~ ~~ == Cavaka-samhita 208 Carya song 204, 295 ‘Cenhgamuri’ xxxiii Cyavana 299 Cyavana xxxiii, 298 Dasakumaracarita 294, 296 Dangur ix, xxiv Devi Visahari xxvi Devi-purdna 295, 303 dhanvan xxxiv, 303 Dhanvantari viii, xxxviii, 301 Dhanvantari-Sankha 298 Dharma worship xvi, xxxvii, 294 Dhatarattha viii Dhamai 297, 305 Dhrtarastra Airavata 299 Digambari 293 Dotola Bhavant xxvi Durgavar xxi ff, xxxvi Durvasas 298 Elapatra 300 Elephant xli Euphorbia Nivuiia xlii, 301 Gajalaksmi xv, xxxi, xli Gandharva xxix, xxxvi, xxxvii, xii, 300, 303 Gandha-vanik 300, 303, 305 Gandhe$vari xxxi, xXxxv, 300, 302, 305 Ganga xl Garuda xxxix 1 ‘Garuda-asana’ 304 Gorakh-vani vii f, 310 Gorakhiya yogis vii Harivamhséa 306 Harsacarnita xxxiv *‘‘Hari-jhi’’ xxxiv Hayagriva xxxix Hemanta ix hematdla xiii, 303, 306 ‘hemtala bari’ 303 Horse xxxix Ichneumon x! Indra 297, 298 Jagamohan Mitra xxix Jagatgauri xlii, 293 f. Jagatjivan Ghosal xxf., 294, 2096, 297, 299, 301, 302, 303 Jagati xxxiv f. Jagatigauri xxxv Jagatimangala xvi Janamejaya 299 jangida xxxiv, xl Janmacitra 305 ‘jarani-mandap’ xiii Jaratkarava xxxlt Jaratkaru xxxii f., xl, 295, 297, 298, 299 Jaya 299 ‘jaya-neta’ 300, 304 Jaya Visahari xxvi 1447277 xxxv ष्णा xxxiv Jalini 302 Jaliya and Jalana 302 jangalika (jangulika) xxx1v Janguli xxxiv, 293, 298 Janguli-vidya xxxiv Jivankrsna Maitra xxv f. jhalla-malla 302 14811217 xxxi Kamaldkirtana xv Kamaldmangala xv Kamale Kamini xli Kamathasura xxxi Kamboja girl xxix Kapila 297 Kapisthala-katha-samhita 299, 302, 303 Karani xliii ‘kariyd jangala’ 308 Narnthka xxxili Kaugalya ix Kausika-sitra xxx Kavicandra xv Kalakarni xxxilti Kalidaha xxxviii Kalidasa 295, 296 Kaliprasanna Bandyopadhyay xxix Kanarittha viii Kani xxxiii f. keta xxxii Ketaka xxxi f. Ketakadasa xiii f., xv, 206, 308. 309 Kesin xxxvii, 300 Kirata girl xxxiv Kirtilatd xi fn. Krsna 298 Krgna-pada 303 Ksemananda I xiii f Ksemananda II xiv f Ksemananda [1 xv Kusa-(Kugala-) dev Pal xxix Kurukul(l)jA xxxiv, 293 Kharadaha 306 Laksmi xxxi, आ pee ~~ tens ee ee "~~ - ~ > ~ ~ -- ~~ ---------- ----- --- -- Latik xx Lotus xli Madhu xxxvi, xxxvii Mahabharata vii, xxxii, xxxiii fn. xl, 295, 297, 298, 299, 300 mahadmanas अभर Mahamayiri-Vidya xxx fn. Mahdnanda ix, xxiv Mahdvastu 297, 298, 300, 302 MaheSacandra Das De xxix Maina Visahari xxvi Mainaka-pur xxvi Maitrdyani-samhita 302, 303 Manakar xxi ff., 294 Manasa xxx Manas& xxx f. Mana xxx Mangalacandika xxix Maninaga 300 Manoratha 297 Manyu xxx Maruts 297 Marutta 297 ‘“‘Mattuva’’ xxiii Mayana-pur xxvi Madhai 297, 305 Mdlavikagnimitra 296 Malini 302 Malo (Mala) 302 Manaséi xxii Marai xxiii fn. Monkey «xl nakta xxxv Nakti xxix Naga xxxvili, xl, xli Nagalaksmi xxxi Narayan Dev xvii Natha cult 297 Netala xxv fn. Netul&é xxv Neto (Net&) xxxv, xxxviii netva XXXV Nirrti xxix, xxxv, xxxviii Nirvasini 293 Padma (naga) 300 Padmadakini 302 Padma xxxi, xxxv, xli Padmda-purdn(a) ix, xvi, xxxi Padmavati xxxi Paduma Kuméiri xxvi Paidva xxxix Palm Capital xlii Palmyra xiii Paiicavimsa-brdhmana xi, 299 Paumavai xxxi Peacock xl Pedu xxxix Pillar x)ii, xliv Pingala (naga) 300 12078 xxii ‘Ponad-behuli-mangala’ xxxvi Prajapati xxxv, 296 Prsni 297 Rasik Migra xvi Radhanath Raycaudhuri xxix Ramayana vii Rgveda xxx, XxXxXili, XXXV, XXXvi, XXXVii, Xxxviil, xxxix, xll, 2095, 296, 297, 299, 300, 307, 303, 304, 307, 308, 309 Rudra xxx, xxxvi, xxxvii, xxxix, xl ‘Saka Haumavarka’ 300 ‘Saka Tigraxaudi’ 300 Sakuntala 308 samaja 300 Samvarta 297 Sankha viii, 303 Sankha (naga) 300 Sankha-Dhanvantari 303 Saraswati xxix, अञ, XxXxvli Sarpamudra 296 Sarpasattra 299 Sarpt 299 Satapatha-brahmana 296 Satravah (AV 4.3) 309 ‘sayala’ 305 Sayu 401 Sadhanamalaé 293, 298, 303 Samkhyayana-dranyaka xxxii Satali Hill 3०8 Savitri-Satyavan vi Sesa (naga) xlii Shahzada Ray xv, xvi Shell xl, आ ‘siddhi-jata’ 300 ‘siddhi-jhuli’ 300 Sija xxxix, xlii Sijuya Hill 309 Sitaram Das xv f. Soma xxix, XXXv, XXxvi, XXXVil, Xxxviii. xxxix, 300 somakalasa 301 Somasravas 299 Somaka 300 Somai Pandita 300 Sri xxix, xxxi “Srikavikankana’’ xvi ‘“‘Srikavivallabha’’ xvi Srutasravas 299 Sthiind xl [ । Sugandha xxxi, xxxv, 300, 305 Sura xxxvi Suelakalasa xxxviii Syena XXxix Taittiriya-samhita 295 Taksaka Vaisaleya 299 ‘*Tantra’’ Vibhiti xx Taladhvaja 306 Tara xxxv Totola (Totala) xx, xxi, xxxv Tuttéra xxxv Tvarita xxxv Tvastr xxxili, xxxiv. xxxviii, xl, 295, 297 UccaihSravas xxxix Ugra Dhanafijaya 299 Ugratapa 299 Urubilva Kasyapa 297 Urugila xxxiv Usas xxix, 300 Usa 305 urdhvakrsana 299 Vamsidas xvii ff., 295, 296, 299, 308 Vamsivadan Cakravarti xvii Varuna xxxvii Vak xxxv, 303 Vancharama Ghosa ii var upram XXXviil, 301 varaka 301 vart XXXIX, 301 Varuni xxxvii fn, Vastospati xxxiii, xlii, 295 Vidhura-jdtaka viii fn. vidhurd xxxv Vijay Gupta xix f. 297, 299, 301 Vikramorva$si 295 Vinaya Text from Gilgit xxx, 305 Vipradésa xxxix, 300, 301, 310 Vibhiiti xx Visa xxxvii, xxxviii, 300 Visadakini 302. Visahari (Visahari) xxxii Visahari-Vidya xxxii Visahari-caritra xxvi fn. Visnu Pala ix ff., xvi, 294, 295, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305. ` 306, 307, 308, 309 Visnu-purana 3006 Visvaripa xxxvi Water fowl xl Water weed xii Yama vi, viifn., 301 Yama-pukur xxxviili Yami vi Yamuna xxxviii, xl Page ii iii vii XXVii Xxxii 256 257 261 266 271 279 283 288 295 line ERRATA vead were imitated Manasa’s Manasa Personified netva-jala that he would chiefs overcame he proceeded grains the osprey read ‘utd’si mitrdvaruno’ 4, for was initiated Mapasa’s of Manas& Parsonified nera-jala that would © chief overcome the proceed grain osprey vasistha’ . ADDENDA Page xxxix The Varaéha (Boar) avatar of Visnu is an important mutation of the cult of the boar. By vanquishing the serpent (maga) Sesa Visnu, incarnated as the Boar, rescued the Earth from the nether region, the dominion of the naégas. Cave 14 in Ellora contains a prominent sculpture depicting the Boar trampling the coiled body of the serpent Sesa. Page xl The peafowl was from the late vedic times the most import- ant bird connected with the anti-serpent cult. In the following incantation against poison, occurring in RV (1. 1071. 14) as well as in AV (10. 4. 4) the peahen is mentioned: trvh saptd mayiryah saptd svdsaro agrivah ta’s te visdm vi’ gabhrira udakém kumbhinir iva. ‘Thrice seven peahens, seven sisters maidens; they have carried away thy poison, as girls with pitchers (carry away) water.’ The anti-venom lore connected with the peafowl became Maha- mayurti Vidya in later Buddhism and it was equivalent to Visahari Vidya in Brahmanism (see p. xxx). Cave 6 in Ellora contains a fairly large sculpture which I identify as an image of Mahamayiri Vidya. The goddess is standing ; there is a female attendant on the left ; on the right there is a pea- cock with its fan of feathers and below it a monk is reading a book (the sacred text of Mahadmayiiri) placed on cross-legged stool. This sculpture is perhaps the oldest image of a goddess of snake- poison cure. It is also important as illustrating the process of concretisation of the abstract, which is responsible for the origin of so many gods and goddesses in the Indian religious cults, Buddhistic. Jain and Brahmanical. लान बहादूर शास्त्री राष्टरीय प्रशासन अकादमौ, पुस्तकालय Lal Bahaaur Shastri National Acadmey of Administration Library wert MUSSOORIE यह पुस्तकं निग्नांकिङ् बारौख तक वापिसकरनौहै। This book is to be returned on the date last stamped. दिनाक उधारकर््ता दिनांक gare की संख्या संख्या Date Borrower's Date Borrower's No. | No. TCT ramen nN, . | | नि "क मायि a enna ee ee न~~ र "0 य जायका | त व mer ec Sia aay PR SEER EE I oC 1 मि ि31ि1 किष [अ ei A ३ Single issues may be bought separately, but three years after the completion of a work no complete sets are broken for the sale of loose component parts. Fach issue bears, besides its issue number, 4 fascicle number indicating its place in the work and volume to which it belongs: With the ssue of this Notice all previous prices and price-lists are cancelled. Calcutta, ast December, 1052. 891. 44 The pu Sen - ८ LY from the Asiatic FANT To (+ ध iety’s (५4 — © A JD—+7 45 Agents ait स. CC. 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