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THE FIRST BOOKE of Franc Bacon; of the
Pioficien ce and addict of Learning devine, and humane.
'T o the King.
Here were vnderthe. Lawe excellentKing) bothdayl; Sacrifices, and free will Of >j ferings ; The'one procee- 7 | ding vpon ordinaric/obſcr- oy ds Theoothervppon a —_— like manner there bloc ethto Kings Som their Seruants, both Tributeof utie, and preſents of :affeQion : In o_—_ theſe,] ae drove tomy rw humble dutie, andthe NY of our M iex emplbymentitorthe later lthoughe hens fue to make choyce of ſome oblari- on, whiely might rather referre to the prop _ and excellencie of your indiuiduall perſon: the bulineſſe of your Crowne andState, Wherefore repreſenting your Maicſtic: man timesvnto my inigd; APY you-norwi
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radiſconcethar heck inſccutable; bur
n nc eye f and admiration.
vertue une, ha COT GIS < andpoſleſſed with ar! exireamewoonder: at thoſe your vertues and fa-
culties, which the Philoſophers call intelle&uall: The largeneffe oF your capacitie, the*faithfulneſſe
of your memorie, theſwitneſleof your apprehen-
_ * fon, the penerration'of your Ipdg-ment, and the © ' Bs faciliic and avon} O it of tae docurion ; and I have
to make 'a-man-of- Platoes opinion, thar all know-
mi hy ag and that the minde of
Ted: hicha light of Nature nan: nee in your Maicſtie, and:ſuch ace 19; take; flames and blizefrom thelcaſtoeraGonprefented, or thie-leafſt rs knowledge deliucred.: And as ſaythofthe wi etKing :T hat bis heart fe deoichbough be eneot habCodgcnyour Warfi Moe eebles lea wairers, &
_ Triage, with moſtbleſſed-andhappie fruiteof marri
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wheras it ſhould (eemean impolſsibility in Nature; for the ſame Inſtrument 'to:maken (elle fir for great and {mall workes. And for. your: gift-of ſpeech, I call ro minde what Cornelius Tacirus (ayth of, _4u- guſtus Ceſar : Auguſto profinens &: que principem de- cefet; eloquenria futt : For if wenote it well, ſpeech that is vttered with labour anddifticultie, or (peech that{auoreth of the affeQationot art and! precepts; or ſpeech that is framed after-the imitation of ſome patterne of cloquence, thoughneuer lo excellent:
All this hath ſomewhat ſeruue, and holding of the
ſabief.. Bur your Maieſties manner of {pecch is
indeed Prince-like, towing as froma tountaine;and yerſtreaming& branching u ſeife into Natures ,or-
der. full of faciliue, &feliczuie, imitating none &in- ipimicrableby.any. Andas.in your ciuile Eftatethere appearcthto bean emulation -& contentigot your Maieftics vertue with. your-forrune,avermous dd: polition witha fortunate regiment; a vertitous ex- peRQazion(when time was)okt your greater fortune; wich a proſperous; poſlelsjon thereot.in; the {due time; a vertuous obſexuation ofthe lawes of mar.
age; averiuous and moſt chriſttandelire'of peace; with a-torrunate.: inclination- in, your, neighbour Princes therernrozSo-likewile intheſe.intelleRuall | marters', there ſcemeth to. be'no leſſe/contention = berweenethe:cxcellencie: of your Maiefſties gifts
of: Nature, andrhe-nivecfaliticand profeGion of your Terleuweleleredtingr im wmhiga | ; an 43 |
v
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Tthallſaz pplification ar all,but ks Itiue and zeaſut ant whickvis,tharthere hathnotbeene 6 - fince Chriſts time -any:Kingor temporall Monarch _- Which] hath ben ſo-learned inalllicerature & erui- "= tion, divine & humane. Forler a man ſeriouſly & di- ligently reuolue and' perule the ocoatiion: of the 1:2 Emperours of Rome, of which C/z-the DiQator, —— who lined ſome yeeres before Chriſt, and Marcus rH - Avutoninus werethe beſtlearned: and fo deſcend to theEmperoursof Grecia, or.of the Weſt, and then tothe lines of Fravnce, Spaine, Enrland, Scotland and thereſt, and he ſhall finde this indgement is truly made.For i ic ſcemeth muchina King,itby thecom- ious extraQtions of other mens wits and la- ours, he can take hold of any fuperticiall Orna- mens-and ſhewes of learning, or if he counte- nanceand preferrelearning and lezrned men: But trodrinke indeed oftherrue Founcaines of learnin nayztohaveſuch afountaincoflearning in himſelle inaKing, and ina borne, is amo a Miracle, Andthemore, b thereiis mer inyour Maieſty arare ConiunQion, aſwell of dinine and facred lite- rature , as. of prophane and humane; So as your Maieftie ftandeth inueſted ofthar-rriplicitie, which ingreatveneration,wasaſcribedto theancient Hey- mes; the power and fortuneof a King ;the knoyy- nd illamination of a Prieft;andthelearning uerfalitieof a Philoſopher, This propriety iherencand nfalige arribure in your Maieftic notonely.inthe fameand admiration
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or traditionofthe ages ſucceeding; bur alſo inſome folide worke, fixed niemoriall; and immotrall mo-
nument, bearing; a CharaQteror ſignature, both of the power of a king, andthe difference and perfe-
Qiionot fucha king.
Therefore | did conclude with my ſelfe, rhat 1 could not make vnto your Maieſty a better oblation, thenof ſome treatiſe rending rorhat end, whereof the ſumme willconſiſt of theletwo partes: The for- mer concerning, the excellencie of learning and knowledge, and the excellencie of the 'metit and true glory, inthe Augmentation and/Propagation thereof: Ehelatrer,whatthe particuler attes and workes are, which haue been 1mbraced and vnder- taken for the aduancement of learning - And againe what defteQss and vndervalewes | finde in ſuchpar- ticuler ates: tothe end;that thoughT cannorpoli- tively or aftirmatiuclieadniſeyour Maieſtie,or pro- pound'vnto:you framed particulers; yet I may ex- cite your princely Cogitarions to vilitthe excellent trealureof your ownemind,and thence-to; extract particulers for this purpoſe, agrecableto your mag- nanimitie and wiſedome. | |
N the entranceto theformer of theſe;:10 cleerc the way, & as it were tormakeſilence; rohancthe
l « . . . THE TCEITINTIONY
concerning the dignitie'of Lear- ning to be berter heard, withourthe interruprion of
the
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me d diſgraccs which ir COW ued;all Som, ignorance; bur ignorance ſcuerally diſguiſed, appearing ſometimes inthe zealcand ica- louticof Diuines ;:ſometimes.in the ſeucritie-and arrogancie of Politiques, and ſomerinesin the er- rorsand imperteQtions of learned menthemſelues. i:Theare the former fort fay,thatknawledge is of thoſethings which areto be acocprod of with great limitation and: caution, ithat thraſpiring to.oucr- muchknowledge,was ircſyinal ting ptationand {inne, whereupon cnſuedthe fal of Manithat know- ledge hath init fomembis of theSerpent,and there- Growhgerh: entrethvinto a! man,itmakes him fwel. Thar pes ines.a Cenſure, 5 s, and. that Wes,
Charaberetone ro of For readins is:wearine([e of i Andagaine inanother Place, Thar inſparions knowledge, There is muchcontri-
farion,and char bethas
) knowleage;encre anxierie: thar Saint Pan/gines -, 4
a:Cancat, rhar we be
wr ſpoyled through dine \Philoſophie: that expe- rience
es, how learned men, haue beene Ancleriouer Lions learned times haucbecnen: clined:to Athcifme, and how:the-contemplationof ſecond Cauſes doth derogate ft6 our dependance vponiGod, whois the firſtcaule,
4 rl» 1 gp tgnorar m_ ofthis of pinion, _— nderRtanding un the grounds thereof;irm: opmradta>ndadethornk ferue or: tha wasnotthepureknowledg | ofranreendaiuealigalawnlcdg: by _
| WACcr
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ket whereof man did giuenames vnto other creature in Paradiſe, as they were trought'before him, ac-: cording vnto their proprieties, which gaue the 0c- calionto the fall; but it was theproude knowledge of good and euill, withanintent inthantogiue lavy vnto himſelfe, andto depend no more vponiGods cormaundements, which was the fourme-of the temprarion; neither isit any quantitice of knowledge how great (oener that canmake the minde of man to ſwell; for nothing can fill, much lefſe-extend the ſoule of man, but God, and rhe contemplation;of God;and therfore Salomon ſpeaking of therwoprin- cipall ſences of Inquiſition, the Eye,andrhe Eare,af+ firmeththat the Eye is 'neuer ſansfied with ſeeir nor the Eare with hearing ;” and if there beno- ful neſſe, then isthe Continent greater; thanthe Con- tent 3 ſoof knowledge it ſcife, and themindeof man, whereto' the ſences are bur Reporters, he definerh likewiſe in theſe wordes, placed: after that Kalender or Ephemerides, which he maketh of rhe dinerſiries of times and ſeaſons for all aQti- ons and purpoſes ;' and 'conchudethy thus :* God hath mae all thinves beautifull or decent in"the'rrue rerurne of their ſeaſons .* Alſo bee hath placedrhe world in Mans heart, yer cannot Man finle out the worke which God worketh from the beginning 10 the exd: Declaring nor” obſeuirely, - thar Godhath fra- med the minde of naan'aFa mirrour, orglafle;-ca- pable of the Tmage*of the vninerfall world, and wytull £0 receiue the bit thereof, 'as pa i | ye
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Foyeth 10';receine-light, and not onely de- ligmced in: beholding _ of ns and vicilsirude of. times, but rayled alſo to finde out and diſcerne the ordinances and decrees which throughout alFrhoſe. Changes, are: infallibly. ob- ſerued.. And- although hee doth inſinuate that the ſupreame-or ſummaric lavy of Nature, wh ch he calleth, The worke which God workerh from the
beginning 10 the end, is nos poſuuble x0 be found our
by Man 5 yet that doth not derogate from the eapaciric of the minde;; but may- bee referred tothe impediments as of ſhortneſle- of: lite ,, ill coniuncion of labours , ill tradition of know- ledge oner-from hand- to. hand, and many orher. Inconucniences, whereunto the condition of Man is ſubieQ.- For that nothing parcell- of the world, is denied to Mans enquire and inuenti- on - hee doth in another place rule ouer; when hee ſayth, The —_— af 44an is as the Lampe of God', "wherewith hee ſearcherh the. inwardneſſe. of. all fecrers. If then fuch be the-capacitic and: re- ceit of the+mind of Man, it is manifeſt, that there is no daunger ar all in. the:proportion or.quan. titie. of knowledge howe large ſocuer 5 leaft it ſhould /make-it (well. or ourcompaſle. it ſelfe; no, bur it is meerely the qualitic of. knowledge, which be'ir-in..quantitie more: or leſſe, if it bee raken without the rrue'correciine thereof, hath Init ſome Nature of venome or. malignitic, and
or
ITS er a6, ' er ſwelling, This correQiue ſpice, the mixture whereof maketh knowledge ſoloueraigne, is Cha« ritie, which the Apoſtle imediatcly addeth to the former: clauſe, for ſo'he ſayth, Knowled:e blowerh vp, but Charine builderh wp ; nor valike vato that which hee deliuereth in-another place : if 7 pake (/ayth hee) with the rontnes of men and Angels, and had not Charitie,-is were but as a tinckling Cym- 6a4; not but that it is an excellent thinge to ſpeake with the tongues of Men and Angels, but becauſe if it bee (cuered from Charitie, and -Nnot referred to the good of Men and; Mankind, it” hath racher 'a ſounding and vnworthie glo- zie, than a meriting and {ubſtantiall-vertue, And as for that Cenſure of Salomon concerning the :exceſſe -of writing and reading Bookes, and the -anxictic of ſpirit which redoundethfrom- knoyy- Fs de, and 'that admonition- of - Saint- Pawle, / Thar wee bee nor ſeduced by vayne Philoſophie; let thoſe places bee rightly vnderſtoode, 'and they doe indeede excellently fſette foorth- 'the true bounds and limitations, whereby humane knovy- ledee is confined and circumſcribed ': and' yer ho any ſuch contraQting or-coarQation, bur that it maycomprehendall the vniuerfall nature of thinges : for theſe-limitations are three + The 4 firſt; Thar wee doe not ſo place onr felicitic in know- '- 2 _ dedge, as wee forger our morralivie. The ſecond, - = that we make application of our knowledge to tine our Jelnes repoſe and AN ok not diſtaſt-or rpining ; + ines D 2 :
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_ Thewhird* rh doe not preſume by the con- "remplarion of Naturc, to attaine tothe miſterics of God; oy the firſt of theſe, Sa/omor doth excellently expound: himfſelfe. in another place of the fame Booke, where hee (ayyh ; 7 /awe well that knowledse recedeth 'as farre from t2norance, as light doth from darkeneſſe, and rhat the wiſe mans eyes keepe warch in: his head whereas the foole roun- derh about in darkeneſſe : - But withall 1 learned thas the ſame 'mortalitie inuolueth them bath. And for
_ , theſecond;certaineit is,there is novexation or anx-
Jetie of minde,whichcefuleeth from knowledge 0- therwiſe than meerelyby accident ;-for all'knbw- ledge and wonder (which is the [eede of know- ledge)is'an' impreſsion of pleaſure in it ſelfe; bur when menfallto framing concluſions out of their knowledge ,- applying/-t to. their! particuler, and miniſtring/ to themſelues thereby -weake feares, or vaſt deſires, there;groweth that carcfulneſle and troubleof minde, which is ſpoken of:-for then knowledge is no more_Zuymen: ficcum, whereof Heraclirys the profound ſayd,' L»men /iccum opti- ma anima, but itbecorameth Zumen madidum,or ma cerarum, being ſteepedandinfuſed in the humors of the affeRions. And as'forthethird: point, it deſer- ueth robealinlefood vpon, and nor to be lighily paſſedouer: for ifany manſhallthinke by-view ard enquiry intorheſe ſenſible and materialthingy ro at- rainethatlight, wherebyhe may reveale-vnto him- ſe the nature or will of: God:: then: indeed is'he
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ſpoyled by vaine Philoſophi
e: for the contempla-
tion of Gods Creatures and works produceth (ha-
uirg regard to the works and creatures themſclues) knowledge, buthauing regard to God,-no perfe knowledg,but wonder, which/is broke knowledge: And theretore it was moſt aptly fayd by one of Pla- zoes Schoole, That the fence of man caryerh a reſem- blance with the Sunne, which (as we ſee) openerh and re-
wealeth all rhererreftriallGlobesbus then againe ir obſcus |
rerh and concealeth the flars & teleftiallGlobe : So doth
the Sence diſcouer naturall thinges, but it darkenethand
ſhutreth up Dinine, | And hence it is true that it hath proceeded that: diners great learned / men have beene heretical, whileſt they haue {ought to flye- vp to the ſecrets of the Deitie by the waxen' winges of the 'Serices: :* And- as for the conceite' that'roo much: knowledge: ſhould en: cline a man'to Arheiſrhe, and'that the-ipgnotance of ſecond cauſes ſhould make'a more: deuoute dependance vppon.God, which is the firſt cauſe; Firſt, it 'is good r0- al ke the: queſtion which 7b asked-: of his friends '3 Wall you the for:God,'as one
114n-will doe for anorker, to Zratifie him ? tor certaine
it is, tharGod workethnothing in Nature, but-by
ſecond cauſes, and if they would haue it otherwiſe
belecued, it ismeereimpoſture,as it were infauour
towardes God 3: andnothing elſe;,butto offer to the
Author of'trmh,; theruncleane» ſacrifice of alye, Barcfurther,,'it is'afaffured- truth," _ a:c0n- OY 9 Mrercnory tags a little ima
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of Philoſophie may<cncline the minde
of 'Man to Atheiſme ,” but a further proceeding
therein doth bring the'mind backe againe to Re- ligion? for-in the enrance-of Philoſophic, when the ſecond Cauſes, which are-nexr vnto the (en- ces, do offer them(eluesto the minde of Man, if it dwell and ftay there, it may induce ſome obli- uion' of the higheſt cauſe; bur when a man pal- fetch on further , 'and-ſeerh the dependance of cauſes, -and the workes'of prouidence; then ac- cording to the alſegorie of the Poers, he will ca- fily belecue that *rhe* higheſt Linke- of Natures chaine muſt'needes be: ryedrothe foote of 1»p;- zers chaire. To 'coriclade therefore, let no man 7ppon'a weake conceiteof ſobrictie, -or:an ill ap- ohyed moderation thinke'or maintaine; that.aman
' can ſearch too farre; or bee:toowell ftudicd in
the Booke-of Gods 'word; ot in the-Booke of Gods workes'; Dininitici'or Philoſophic 5 bur ra- ther let men 'endeauour an ecndlefle progreſſe or proficience m both? only let men-beware that they apply bothtoC haritie, and not ro (welling;to vſc, andnorto oftentation;andagaine,thattheydoenor ynwiſely mingle -or confound theſe learnings to-
gether. And as for the diſgraces which learning recei- ueth from'Politiques, they bee of this nature; that indes, and makes them
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matter of gonernement and policie 3 in maki them roo curious and irreſolute by varietic ofrea- ding; or too peremptorie or poſitiue by ſtricktnelſe of rules and axiomes 3-or too immoderate and 0- uefweening by reaſon of the greatneſle'of exam- ples; or- too incompatible and differing from the times, by reaſon of the diſsimilitude of examples; or at leaſt, that it doth diuertmens trauailes from ac- tion and bulineſle, and bringethithem roa loue of leaſure and privateneſſe; and that it doth bring in- tro States a relaxation of diſcipline, whilſt euerie man is more readie to argue, than to obey and execute. Our of this conceit, Caro ſurnamed the Cenlor,one ofthe wiſeſtmen-indeed that ever lived; when Carzeades the: Philoſopher came in Embaſſage ro Rome, and that the young men of Rome. bepan to flocke about him, -being allured with the (weernefſeand Maieſtie of his eloquence and learning, gaue counſell in open Senate, that they ſhould piue him his diſpatch with all (peede, leaſt hee ſFould infect and inchaunt'the mindes and affeQions of the youth ,'andar vnawares bring” in an akeration of the taanners and Cuſtomes of the State. Ont of the fame eonceite'or humor _ did Yygill, turning/his penne to the advantage of his Countrey, and the diſadniantage-of his owne profeſsion, make a kind of eparazion berweene' po- licieand gouernement; and betweene Arts and Sci- ences, in the verſes fo muchrenowned, attribu-
ting and challenging the one16 the Romans, and "31 | B A I leauing
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Teauing & yeelding the other tothe Grecians,7 »re- gere imperio populos Romane memito,He tibi erat artes, &©«,lohkewile we ſcethat Anyrns the acculer of So- crateslayditasan Article of charge & accuſation a- gainſt him, that he did with the varietie and power _ of his diſcourſes and diſpurations withdraw young men from due reuerence to'the Lawes and Cu- ſtomes of rcheir Countrey: and' that he did profeſſe a dangerous aud pernitious Science, which was to make the worſe matter ſceme the. berrer, and to ſuppreſſe rruth by force of eloquence and ſpeech.
;Bur theſe and thelike impurations haue rather a countenance of grauitie, than any -ground of Iu: ſtice: for experience dothyarrant,thar both in per- ſons and intimes, there hath beenca meeting; and concurrence in learning and Armes, flouriſhingand excelling inthe ſame men, and the ſame ages, For 'as for men, there cannot bea better nor the like in- ftance,as of that payre Alexander the Great, and
Inlias Ceſar the DiQator,whereof the one was Ari- fotlesScholler in Philoſophie, and the other was ci: ceroes Rivall in eloquence; or if any man had rather call for Schollers ,thatwere great Generals,thenGe- nerals that were great Schollers ; let him take Fpami- nondas the Thebane, or + | ta the Athenian, whereof the one was: the firſt that abated the pow- er of Sparraz andthe orher yas the firſt that made waytotheoverthrow of the;Monarchie of Perjza: And this concurrenet. is yet more vilible intimes than inperſans, by bow myuthaniage is greater ob- Brat (7? N Ul
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=. 3* \ The fſibookss teQ than . Forbothin«£2ype ſtay Grecia, and Kometheſametumesthatare moſtte. nowned for Armes; are/ likewile-moſt-admired tor learning 5 fo that the greazgeſt Authors and Philolo-
hers, and the greateſt Capraines and Gouernours Pate lived in the (ame ages: neither-can it other- wiſebe; foras in Man, the ripeneſle of ſtrength of the bodice and: minde commeth much- about an age, ſaue that the ſtrengthof the bodice commerh ſomewhatrhe more early 3 $01n States, Armes.and Learning, whereot the. one corceſpondethto the bodie, the other rotheſ{oule of Man, hauca.concur- renceornere(equenceintymes. -,
And for matter of policieandigouernement, that Learning ſhouldrather huce,thaninable thereunto, Kathing veric improbable ;' we ſeeir is acconneed an crrour, to commit e naturall bodie to Empe- rique Phiſitions, which commonly haue a fewe
| receits, whereuponthey are confident and advemurous, but know neither the cauſes of diC- eaſes, nor the complexions of Parients, nor perill of accidents, nor the true methode of Cures; We ſceitisa like errortorely vpon Aduocates or Law- ' yers,, which are; onely. men of. praQiſc, and nor
punded intheir Bookes, who are manytimes ca- rpriſedfwhen matter falleth our beſides their dies ſo 'by like reaſon it cannot be but a_ matter of Sn <onfoqurnee, Wremes bod manage
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WrdeSenaimeny/ not well Amingled with men gn Learning,Bur contrary wile,it is almoſt. hour inflaneecontradiCtorie; that cucr any go-
-nernemerit\vas'difatrops, tharwasin the hands of learned” Governors. - F bowlocuerithath beene otdinarie with politique-mento extenuate and di(- able learned menbyghenames of Pedanzes : yet "in the&Reerds of rime/irappearethinimany particu- lers;tharthe Gouernemeantcs of Princes: in minori- ty(norwithſlanding the infinicediſaduamage of thar kindeof Srate) hanenouentheleſſ excelledthepo-. uernemert'6f Princes oF matureage, cuenforthar neon; ied they ſeek torraducewhictris,that by that occalion the face hath beenin the hs of Pe- proj | forſowasthe'Stace of: Romeſorthe firſt fine.
agnified; during the
for ten yeres ſpaceormore during the minoritie of nola=oaireah younger, . with Pars x rpm ate eoadarkry hands of :MiGrhras
LY Pednnis : fo was A intheminoriticiof Alexarider Seneriis 1014 eſſe; in hands-nor muchvnlike, by reaſois of eulecf rhe women, who were ayded bythe Teachers wes, _ a-manilooke yo
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principles of Eftare, than thoſe whigh have aſcen- ded 10. the Papaciefrom an education & breeding in-affaircs, of Eflate, and Courts of Princes.; for although men bredin Lear IOSArE perhapsroſecke in poincs of,conuenience,And accommodating for the preſent which the Italians call Ragions di /taro, : whereof the ſame: Pius 2rintus could not heare xy ſpoken with patience, tcarming them Inventions a- | eainſt Religion and the, morall yertnes; yer, on-the other. {ide to recompence that,they are perfite in thoſe ſame plaine grounds of ;Religion, Juſtice, Ho- nour,and Morfll vertue ; which if they be well and watchfully purſued, there will. bee {eldome; vie of thoſe other, no more thanof Philicke in a ſqund or well dicted bodie ;.; neither can.the experience of onemanslife, turniſh gs and. preſidents. for
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the. cuents. of one. mans lite. For as it bappenath ,thatthe Graund child, or other,delcen-+
LORE Gi 7m : dent,reſemblerhthe Anceſtor morethantheSonne; ſo. many a1mes occurrences of preſent times may ſort better wicthancient.examples, than with thoſe of the later or immediatetimes;and, laſily,the wit of one.man, can no more counteruaile Jearning,..than Yo8s mans ineanes. can hold way. with.a common p Andasfor thoſe particular ſeducementsor indil-
olitions of the ,minde ſor, policic and goucrne- ment, which learning is pretended to. in{inuare; if, ir be graunted. thar any ſuchthing be,.it muſibere- wenbrefvorball, harlentidp mpnleat im uery
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"Of the aduancement of learning, of them preittt ſtrength of medicine orremedie, than it oferehtauſe of indilpotition or infirmitie For if by afecrer operation, n make men perplexed and irrclolute, onthe other {ideby plaine precepr, ic reacheth them when, and vpon whar ground to re- ſole: yea, and how to carrie rhinges in ſuſpence withour preindice, rill they reſolue: If it make men politiue and reguler, itteacherhthem what thinges arc intheirnarure demonſtrattue, & what are-con- xccturall ; and afwell rhe vſe of diftinftions, and ex- ceprions, as the latiryde of principles and rules, If ir miſlead by diſproportion, ordiſfsimilitude of Exam- ples, it reacheth men the force of Circumſtances, thecrroursof compariſons, andallthe cautions of
> 5m : ſothat tnall theſe it doth reQifie mote Qtually,rhan it can pernert. And theſemedicines tconneyeth into mens minds much more forcibly by the quickneſſe and penetrationcf Examples : for jet amanlooke into the errours of C':mmzm: the (e- uenth, ſo linely deſcribed by Grurretardine, who ſer. ned vnder him, or intorhe errours of Cic-ro pain- cd ont by his ownepenlill m his Epiftlesto Azr:-1e, andhewill flye apacefrom being trreſolrre. L erhim tooke.into theerrors'of Phorion.andhe will b-ware how he beobflinate or inflexible Let himbut read the Fable of 7x02, and it _ hold him from being ey ra or imaginanuejterhim look intothe errory of Cato the feond: and he willneuer beone of the Cn1ioJes, to tread oppoſite ro the preſent world. ” _ And for the concen that Learning ſhould di(-
a - a
| poſe
The firſt Booke. _- 10
poſe men to leaſure and priuateneſle, and make menſlouthtull: it were a ſtrange thing if that which accuſtomerh the minde to. perperuall motion and agitation, (ſhould induce flouthfulneſle, whereas contrariwiſe it may bee truely affirmed, that no kinde of men loue buſineſle for it (clfe, but thoſe that are learned; for other perſons loue it for pro- fite; asan hircling that loues theworke for the wa- ges or for honour ; as becaule it bearethrhem: vp 12 the eyes of men, and refreſheththeir reputation, which otherwiſe would weare ; or becauſe it put- tcththem in-mind of their fortune, andgiuerh them occaſion to pleaſure and diſpleaſure; or becaule ir exerciſeth (ome faculty, wherein they g's 1g and {oentertaineth them in good humor, and plea» fing conceis toward themſelues; or becaule it ad- uanceth any other their ends, Sothatas it is ſayd of vntrue valors,that (ome mens valors are inthe eyes of them that look on; So ſuch mens induſtries are in the eyes of others,or at leaſt in regard of their owne delignements3 onely learned men lone bufineſle,as an aQtion according to nature, as agreableto health; of minde, as exerciſe is to health of bodie, takin
pleaſureinthe action it (elfe;.& not inthe purchaſes. Sothat of all men, they are the moſt indefatigable; |
x it betowardsany bulineſſe, which can hold or de- taine theirminde. | 5 | | - Andif any man belaborious inreading and ſtudy, and yet idle in bulines & aftion,it groweth frs ſome weakenes of body,or ſoftnes of ſpirit; ſuchasSenera aa C,; , fpaaketh
ſpeaketh of: Zuidem ram ſunt umbraniles,ut purent in twrbido eſſe, quicquidin luce oft ; and not of learning ; wel mayit be thatſucha point ofamans nature may make him luc himlelfe tO learning;but It isnot lear- ning that breedeth any fuch point in his Nature, And that learning [ſhould rake vp too muchtime or leaſure, Ianſwere, the moſt aQtiue or bulic man that hath becnor can bee, hath (no queſtion) many vacanttimes of leafure,while he.expeCteth the tides ahd returnes of bulinefle(exceprthe be cither tedi- ous, and of no diſpatch,.or lightly and vnworthily ambitious, to meddle inthinges that may be better _ donebyothers) and. thenthequeſtion is, but how thoſe {paces and times of leaſure ſhall be filled and ſpent: whether in pleaſures, or in ſtudies; as was wel anſwered by Demeſthenzs to his aduerlaric £/- chynes, that was a man giuen-to pleaſure, and told him, Thas his Orazions &d [ell of rhe Lampe: Indeede
*
(fayd. Demetthenes). there ts agreat difference berweens the thinzes thas you and 1 doe e/ y Lampe-light; loas no manneede doubt, that learning will expulſe bu{i- nelle, but cather it willkeepeand defend the polcel- fionofthe mind againſtidleneſſeand pleafure which otherwiſe, ar vaawarcs, may enterto the preiudice of-both. | _ Againe,(ortharother conceitgthatlearning ſhould vndermine the reverence of Lawes and-gouerne- ment; it. is alluredly, a mecre deprauation and ca- tumny without all thadoweof truth: for to ſay thar a blind. cuſtome ofobgdicnce ſhould beaſurcr cb- HE £9 hgation
| T he firſt Booke: © 11 ligation, than dutie taught and vnderflobd, it is to attirme thar a blind man may tread (urer by aguide, than 2 (ecing man canby a light: and 1t is without all controuerlic, that learning doth make the minds of men gentle, generous, maniable, and plant to gouernment;whereas Ignorance makes them chur- bſh,thwart,and mutinous ; and the evidence oftime doth clearethis aſfertion, conſidering that the moſt barbarous, rude, and vnlearned times haue beene moſt ſubic& ro tumults, ſeditions,and changes. Andasto the indgement of Caro the Cenfor, he was well puniſhed tor his blaſphemie againſt lears ning in the ſame kinde wherein hee offended; for when he was paſt threeſcore yeeres old, he was ta» ken withan extreame delire to goe to Schoole a+ eaine, and tolearne the Greeke tongue, totheiend ro peruſethe Greeke Authors; which:-dothwellide+ monftrate; thar his former cenſtire of the Grecian: Learning, wasrather'an affeQted gravitie,tham ac+ cording totheinyard, ſence of his'owne opinion, Andas tor Yes verics;rtiongh-ir pleaſed hint-to brauethe world m'taking totheRomanes; thes At of Empire.acd teauingto others the artsof ſubies? yerſo mackvis manifeſt;thatthe Romanes'nener aſs: cendedtorhatheighrob6 Empire, till thertime they had aſcended rotheheighrot other Arts; Forinzhe time of che rwo firſt Qxfars, which had:the art of 13" rpms im greateſtpertedtion;therelinedrhe- eſt 'Poct: /37:1/1v5 Afaro, the beſt Hiftoriographer-_ Tirus Lixiucrhe beſt Antiquarie Marcus: Y arro, and C&- « the:
2 . 4, ——Y bo. wt TL "OO TY x , Y MII
+> Of the aduancement of learning,
the beſt or ſecond Orator A arces Cicero, that to the memorieof manare knowne. Asfor the acculſati- on of Socrates, the ttme muſt beremembred, when itwasproſecuted ; which was vnder thethirtic Ty= rants, the moſt baſe, bloudy, and enuions perſons thathauc gouerned ; which reuolutton of Statewas no ſooner ouer, but S2r7.2re5, whomrhey had made aperſoncriminall, was madea perſon heroycall,and his memorie accumulate with honors diuine and humane; and thoſe diſcourtes of his which were chen tearmed corrupting of manners, were after acknowledged for ſoucraigne Medicines of the minde-and manners, and fo haue beene recciued ener {incetill this day. ' Let this therefore feruc tor anſweretoPolitiques, whichintheir humorous ſe- neritie, or intheir fayned grauitie haue preſumed tothrowe impurations vponlearning, whichredar- | Gs 7 nw (fauc that wiee know not whe-
our labours may extend to other ages) were notneedefull for the preſent, in regard of the lone andreucrence towards Learning, which the exam- lc and countenance of twoo'ſo learned Princes ueeneElizaberh, and your Maieſtie ; being as C:- lh, Pollux, Lucida Sydera, Starres of excellent
ighr, and moſt benigne influence, hath wrought in menof place and authoritie inour Nation. | Nowtherefore, we cometo thatthird fort of diſ- credire, or diminution of credite, that groweth vn- eo learning from learned men them(clues, which commonly cleauecth faſteſt; It is cithee from their
—— — _— —_ — -> ———— > -- * - — —_—_——___ qa
| _ fortune,
- The firſt booke, 12 Fortune,or fro their Manners,or from thenatureof their Studies:for the firſt, itis not in their power;and the ſecondisaccidentall; thethirdonly is proper to behidled:but becauſe weare not in hand ml true meaſure,but with popular eſtimation & conceit,it is not amille to ſpeak ſomwhart ofthetwo former. The derogationstherfore, which gtow to learning from the fortuneor condition of learned men, are cither in reſpeCtof ſcarſity of meanes; or inreſpeCt of pri- uatcneſſe of life, and meaneſle of employments.
Concerning want, andthar it is thecaſc of lear- ned men, vſuallyto beginne with little,” and not to growerich fo faltasothermen, b reatonthey con- uert notrheir labors chicfely to luker, and encreaſle; It were good to leauc the common, place in com- mendation of pouertic to ſome Frier to handle, to whom much was attributed by Macciavell in this point, when he layd, Thar rhe Kinzdome of the Clears Lie had beene long before at an end, if the reputation and reverence towards the pouerrie of Friers had not borne out rhe ſcandall of the ſuperfluities and exceſscs of Bi= ſhops and Prelates. So a man might fay, that the felis citicand delicacicot Princes and great Perſons, had long ſinceturned ro Rudenes and Barbariſme,ifthe pouerticof Learning had nor kept vp Cinllitie and Honor of life ; But without anyſuch aduantages, ir is worthy the obſcruiation, what a reuerentandho- noured thing pouertic of fortune was,for ſome ages in the Romane State, which neuerthEleſſe'was a State without paradoxes. For we ce what 74145. Z5- 2 ; D ——
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$1O/the Aduancementof Learning, #izs ſayth in hisiarroducuion; ' Gererin aut me amor wmegoryſt [i veprrfalitr, nut nul vnynans ron bl:ca,| nec muer, nes jangtiorynetchomts exemplis citier twis znechn quam tam ſers Ana/vcis Wxurttyur vir eucrint; nee wbitantw ac tam am paiipertiti ac patſmonid honos fu- erit, Wele: likewileafter that the State of Rome wasnot it iclfe, but did degenerate 3 how that per- forthattooke vpambnm to;be:(ountcilor to. 1nhrts Ce/a/,after his vicons; whererig: begins reflan; rationof the State, makcrhin.of all points t'1e moſ? (ummarie-to-rtake ayvay the:eſtimation of wealtl, Ferwn h& Cr omnia.mnla parner £9: honore: priun deſinent , Si n2que Magiſtrar, neque. alid witlen ous prenaa venalia crnnn, To conciude this-point, as 1t was truely ſayd, that Ruboreſtwirtaris color, though ſometime ir come from vice; So itrmay betit!y layd, _ that Ponpertas off wires: turtunac T hough tome? times ir. may-proceede trommilgouernemert and accident, Surely Sulomez hath pronounced it both in cenſure, 2 feſtiniradainitias non erit inſons; and in.precept :Buy te 1rurh, and fell it:nov; and fa of wiſedome aniknow'd2e3:1mdging that mearics were to be ſpent'vponlearning,and norlearning to beap- plyedro meanes: Andasforthepriuateneſle or ob< {cureneſle (as it-may be in valzar eſtimation accoun-. ted) of life 6f.contemplatiuemen ;/'it is a/Thrame ſocommon; ro-extoll a priuatelife; hor taxed with ſenſualitie and flothin compariſon, and'to the diſ- aduantage of a ciuile life for ſafety, libertie, plea- ſure anddignitic, or lee npdome from:indigni- [ ne,
. - » The firſt Booke\ 1 11 tie,as no man handlerthirburhandlethit well:' {ach a conſonancie it hath ro mens conceits in the ex- preſsing,and to mens conſents in theallowing : this onely I will adde ;:that learned men torgorten in States, andnorliuing inthe eyes of menzare like the Images of Caſsius and Brutris inthe tunerall of una; 6 of which not being repreſented, as many others wereT anus (ayth, Eoipſo prefulzebant, quad non vijc- : bantar. "-W1'Y
And for meaneſle of employment; that which 15 moſt traduced to contempr, is that the gonernment of youth is commonly allotted tothem,which age, becauſe it is theage of leaſtauthorine, it 1s transfer- red ro'the difetteeming/'of thoſe employments wherin youth is conuerſant,and whichare conuer- ſam about youth, But how vniuſtthistraducement Is, (if you willreduce thinges from popularie of opinionto meaſure.of reaſon): may appeare in that . weſee menare more curious. what they put into a new Vellell, than intoa Veſlell ſeaſoned ; and what mouldthey lay aboura young plant, than about a Plant corroborate; ſo as the:weakeſt Termes and Times of all chingsv(e ro hane rhe heſtappiications and helpes, And willyou hearken to: the Hebrew Rabynes ? Y our youn? men ſhall ſee Viſions, and your old men(hil dreame dreames,lay they youth isrhe worthi- cr'age, for that Viſions are-necrer apparitions of God, than dreames?: Andlet it bee noted; that hovw focuer the Conditionsof life of Pedanres hath been
{corned vpon Thearers, as the' Ape'of Tyranme; D 2 and
\
Of the aduancereent of earning, andrhicthemodernlooſenesornegligence hathta- ken no dueregardtothechoife of >choolemaſters, & Tutorszyertheancientwildome ofthe beſt times didalwaiesmakea iuſt complaint, that States were too: buſic with their Lavwes, and too negligent in point of education/:-which' excellent parr of an+ cientdiſciplinehath been in ſome ſort reutued of late times, by the Calledges of the Ieſuites: of whom, ' although in regard of their ſuperſtition I may ſay,
"Quo meliores, eodereriores,yetin regard of this, and fome other: points concerning humane learning, and Morall matters, I may ſay as. _A2e/davs layd to his encmie/Farnabaſes, Talis quum fi, vtinam noſter ofes Andthus much touching the diſcredits drayyn from the fortunes of learned men. .
As touching the Manners of learned men, it is/'a: thing perſonallandindiuiduall, and no doubr there beamongſtthem; as nother profeſsions,of alltem- eratures;buryerſoas it isnot withouttruth which 1s ſayd, that _Lbeunr indizinmores Studies hae an influence and operation;vponthe manners of thoſe thatare conuerſanr in them. ; -1/-Bur'vponanarentive, and indifferent:reuiew, 1 for my pare;cannor findanydiſgracetolearning,can proceed frothe manners of learned men; not inhe- rentrothem asthey arelearned;except it be a faulr, _ Cwhich was: mol jer9n fault of. Dexroſthenes,
'Cirero, Catorhe ſecond; Seneca, and'imany moe) thar becauſetherimes they readof,, are commonly bet- terthan the times they liucinand the duties __ $1.4; & UV ettcr
The firſt Booke. 14. betterthantheduticspraQtiſed: They contend ſomis times toofarre, to bring thinges to perfection ;-and to reducethe corruption of manners, tohoneſtic of
Treceprs, or examples of roo great height; And yer Cevool they hane Caneats. ynough in their ovwne walkes: For Szlor, when he wasasked whether he had giuen his Citizens the beſt laws,an{wered wile- ly,7 ea of /uch, as they would receine: and Plaro finding x hisowne heart, could not agree with rhe cor- xapt manners of his Country, refuſed to beare place or office, ſaying: Thar s mans Countrey was to be uſed as bis Parents were, that is,with humbleperſwaſtons,and not with conteſtarions. And Ceſars Counſellor put in the ſame Caucat, Nen ad vetera inſtirara renorans yue Jampridems corruptis maribus ludibrio fanr.; and” Cicero noteth this error direaly.in:Carothe ſecond; when he writes to his friend LM tics 3: Caro:oprime ſentrir, ſed necet interdum reipublica;loquitur enimtanquamin repub: Platons,non tanquam inface Romuts 3 and the ſame Cicero doth excuſe and expound the Philoſo- phers for going too far, and being too cxatt intheir preſcripts, when he faith 3 1/#; pf preceproves virtu- i & Maziftri, videnturfouts officiorum paulo-longins quan ratara veller protuiiſſevt cis ad vitimi animo con- tendiſſemus,ibitamenubi aportet,confifteremus:anvd yet himſelf mighthane faid: 3fonire [i vainor ip fe meis, tor It was hisownfault,thoghnor inſoextreamadegre..
-' Another fault likewiſe much of this kind, hath beene incident to learned men; whichistliar they hauc eſteemed the preſernation;good;and tt of
4 » 1Of the Aduancement of Learning, theic 'Countreysor Maiſters before their owne for- tunes or ſafeties,” Fortoſfayth Demoſthenes vnto the
| Athenians; | ri 904 Jon to noreir, my counſels vato
- you, art nor ſuch, whereby 1 ſhould grow great among ſt you;and you become little among: ft the Greaans : But they be of that nature as they are ſometimes not good for me to 2tue hut are alwnies god for you ro follow, And to Sene- ca aſter he had conſecrated that Luinquenninm Ne- ronis to the erernall glotie of learned Gouernors, held: on his honeſt andiloya!l courle of good and free Counlell, after his:Maiſter grew extreamely corrupt in his gouernment; neither can this point otherwile be: for learning endueth mens mindes witharrue ſence of the frailtieof their perſons,the calualtie of their fortunes, and the dignitie of their ſoule and vocation;ſo that it is impolsible for them to eſteeme thar any greatneſle of their owne for- tune can bee, atrucor worthy end of their being and ordainment; and therefore are delirousto giue their accountto God, and (o likewiſe to their Viati- ſters vnder God (as Kinges'and the States that they ſerue)intheſewords3 Erreribs lucrifeci, andnot Eroe mihi lucrifeci : whereas the:corrupter fort of meere
Politiques, that haue nottheir thoughts eſtabliſhed
by learning 1n the loue and apprehenſion of du-
tie, nor neuer looke abroad into vniuerſalitie; doe \,- reterreallthinges ro themſelties, and:thruſt them- |, FP fſelacsinto the Center of the-world, as if all-lynes
"ſhould meetin them and their fortunes ; neuer ca-
ringin all tempeſts what becoms of the ſhippe of
7:.274; Eſtates,
||
+1 The: firſt, Bookes. .. \ 15
Eſtates, ſo they may (aue themiclues in the Cocke- boa: of their owne fortune, whereas men that ſeele
the weight of dutic, and know the limits of '{elle-
loue,vicomake good their places & duties,thuugh with perill, Andit they jjand in (cditions and vio- lent alterations 3 it is rather the reverence which many times both aduerle parts doegiueto honeſtie, than ary verſatile aduantape oftheir owne carriage, But for this point of tender lence, and fait obligatie on of dutic, which learning doth endue the minde withall, howlocuer fortune may taxe it, and many m-he depth of their corrupt principles may defpile ityertitwallreccinean open allowance, and there: forcnecdes theiciic di/proote or exculation, Another -{ault- incident commonly to learned men, which may be more probably detended, than trucly dcnyed, 1s; that theytayle ſometimes.10 aps Hying'themlclusto particular perſons, which want
of exact application ariſethtrom two caules : The
one, becaute rhe largeneſle oftheir minde can hard- ly confine itfelfe ro dwell in the; exquilite oberua-
tion or examination of the narure attd-.cauſlomes: of one perſon: foritis2 ſpeech for a Louer,& nor fora wile man :$a15 macnum alter alters T heatrum (urn
Neuerthcleſſe I ſhallyeg'd, tharhethaticannor con- tract theſight of his miride, alwell-as-dilperte; and
$- dilate it, wanrethia great ſacultic, Bit thete isale-
cond cauſe, which is no' inabilitie, bug a rejection
vpon choiſe and i1dgement, Forthe honeſt and uſt:
bounds of obſcruation, by one perſon ypon'an0- Wl D. XC.
A. ther,
\
2! Of the aduantement of learning,
ther, extend no further, but to vaderſtand him ſuf icicntly,wyhereby notto ine him offence,or wher- by to beabletoginehimfaithfull C ounlel,or wher- by tofland vpon reaſonable guard and caution in re- ſpe of a mans ſelfe: Burt to be (peculatiue into a- mother man,to the end to knozy howto worke him, or winde him, or gouerne-him, proceederh from a heartthat is double andclonen, and not entire and mgenuous3 which as iafriendſhip it is want of in- regritie, ſo rowards Princes or Superiors, is want of dutic. Forthe cuſtome ofthe Leuanr, which is,thar ſubieQs doe forbeareto gazeor fixetheir eyes vpon Princes, is inthe outward Ceremonie barbarous ; but the morallis good : For men ought not by cun- ning and bent obſ{eruationsto pierce and penetrate into the hearrs of Kings, which the ſcripture hath declaredto be inſcrutable, |
_ - Thereisyer another faulk(withwhich1will cor- dudethis part)which isoftennoted inlearned men, that they doe many times fayle to obſerue decencie, and diſcretion in their behauiour and carriage, and commit errorsin{mall and ordinarie points of aQti- on; fo as the vulgar ſort of Capacities, doe make 2 ludgement of them in greater matters, by. that whichthey finde wanting inthem,in {maller, Bur this conſequence doth oft deceiue men, for which, Idoereferre them ouer to that which was fayd by T hemiſtotlesarrogantly, and vnciuily, being applyed ro himſelle matt his owne mouth, bur being ap- plycdto the generallftare of this queſtion pertinent-
ly and iuftly; when)being inuitedtotonch a Lute, hefayd: Hecould nor fiddle, but he conld make a ſmall T owne,a 7reat ſtate. So no doubt, many may be well ſeene in the paſſages of gouernement and policie, which are to {ecke in little, and punQuall occaſions; I referre them alſo to that, which Plaro fayd of his Maiſter Socrates, whom he compared to the Gally- pots of Apothecaries, which on the out-lide had Apes and Owles, and Antiques,but contained with in ſoueraigne and precious liquors, and confections; acknowledging that to an externallreport, he was not without ſuperficialllenities,anddetormitiesbur vas inwardly repleniſhed with excellent vertues and powers. And fo much touching the point of manners of learned men.
But inthe meanetime, I hauenopurpoſetogine allowance to ſome conditions and courles baſe, and vnworthy, wherein diuecrs Profeffors of learning; haue wronged themſelues,and gonetoo farre; ſt uh as were thoſe Trencher Philoſophers, which in the later age of the Romane State, were viually inthe houſes of great perſons, being little better than ſo= lemne Paraſites ; of which kinde, Zucian maketh a merricdeſcription ofthe Philoſopher,thatthe great Ladie tooke to/ride with her in her Coach, and would ncedshanehim caric her little Dogge,which hedoing officiouſly, and yet vncomely, the Page fcoffed. andſayd: That he dowbred, rhe-Philoſopher of 4a Sroike, wou!drurne robea Cynike, But aboue all the reſt, the groſle and palpable flatterie, whereunto
X >: ' &' many ,
= wo
mY
v0 f the Aduancement of Learning,
many (not vnlearned) haueabbaſed & abuſed their wits and pens, turning (as D# Bartas ſaith,) Hecuv.s into Helene, and Fanſtina into Lucretia, hath moſt di- miniſhedthe price and eſtimationof Learning Nei- ther is the morall dedications of Bookes and Wri- tings, as to Patrons to bee commended-'for thar Bookes (ſuch as are worthy the name of Bookes) oughtto haueno Patrons, but Truth and Reaſon: Andthe ancient cuſtome was, to dedicate them on- ly to priuate and equall friendes, or to intitle the Bookes with their Names, or if toKings and great erſons, it was to ſome (uch as the argument of the ooke was fit and proper for; buttheleand the like Courſes may delerue rather reprehenlion, than de- fence. 28 Not that I cantaxe or condemne the morigera- tion or*application of learned men to men in ſor- tune. For the an{were vas good that Dz2genes made to one that asked him in mockerie, How it came r9 paſſe rhat Philoſopher were the ſollowers of rich men,and not rich men of Philoſophers ? He anſwered ſoberly, and yer (harpely; Berauſe the one ſor knew what they had need of, © the other did not; And ofthelike nature was the anſwere which .Ari/t;ppzs made, when ha- ving a petition to Dioriſzs, and no care giuen to him, hefelldowne ar his feete, wheupon Dioki/7us ſtayed and ganehim the hearing, and graunted it, and afterward ſome perſon tender on the behalfe Philoſophie, reprooued Lritippus, that he would ofterthe Profelsion of Philoſophic ſuch an indigni-
tie,
"The foſt Bouke, 16
tic,as for apriuatSuit tofallata Tyrants feet: Buthe anſwered; Ir was nor his fault, but it was the fault of Dioni{ne that bad his eares in hisfeere, Neither was it accounted weakenelle, bur diſcretion in him that wouldnot diſpute his beſt with Adrianus Ceſar 3: ex- *culing himſelte, T has ir was reaſon to yeeld to him, that commauniaed tiiriie Levions. Thele and the like ap- plications and ſtooping to points of neceltitie and .conuenicnce cannot bee diſallowed : for though they may haue ſome outward baleneſle ; yer in a Indgement truely made, they are tobee accounted ſubmi(sionsto the occalton, and not tothe perſon, Nowl proceede to thoſe errours and vanities, which hane interueynedamonegſtthe ſtudies them- ſeluesof the learned; which is that which is prin- cipalland proper to the preſent argument, wherein my purpole isnct to make a lifenion of the cr- rors, but by a cenſure and ſeparation of the-errors, to makea iuſtificatis of that which is good & ſound); and todeliuer that from the aſperſion of the other. For we (ce, that it is the manner of men, to {canda- lize and deprauethat which retaineththe ſtate; and . vere, by taking aduantage vpon that whichiscor- rupt and degenerate; as the Heathensinthe primi- tive Church vſcd to blemi(h and taynt:the Chriſti- ans, with thefaults and corruptions of Hereriques: Butneuertheleſle, I haneno meaning atthis time to make'any exatt animaduerſionofiithe'errors and -impediments in matters of learning,/ which ate moreſecretand remote from vulgar opinion;3; but Tee E 2 onely
- *Of the aduancement of learning, onelyto ſpeake vnto ſuch as doefall vnder, or neere vnto,a popular obleruation, Therebe therfore chietely three vanities in Studi- es, whereby learning hath been moſt eraduced: For thoſethings we do eſteeme vaine, whicharexither falle or frivolous,thole whicheither hae no truth,” ' orno vie:& thoſe perſons we eſteem vain, whichare cither credulous or curious,& curiolitie is eicher in marer or wordsothat in reaſon,as wel as in expert= ence,there fal out to be theſe 3. diſtepers (as I may rearmth&)of learning; The firſt fantaſtical learning: Theſecond contentious learning, & thelaſtdelicate learning, vaine Imaginations, vaine Altercations, & vainaffeQatios: &withthe laſt I wil begin, Martirn Zather conduQed (no doubt) by an hicher prout- f dence, bur in diſcourſe of reafon, finding what a Fas Terforu Prouince he had vndertaken againſtthe Biſhop of Rome,and the degenetatetraditions ofthe Church, and finding his owne ſolirude,being no waicsayded bythe opinions of his owne time, was enforced to awakeall Antiquitic, andto callformer times to his ſaccors, to makea partie againſt the preſenttime: ſorhar the ancientAuthors, beth in Diuinitie, and m Humanitie, which had longtime ſlepr in Libraz ries, generally ro bercad and reuolued, This by conſequence, diddraw onaneceſtitieof amore exquilitetrauailein the languages originall, wherin thoſe Authors did write:Fot the better vnderſtidin of thoſe Authors;.and thebetteraduantageof preſ- fingand applying their words: And thereof grew
againe,
| |
2 £
The fot Bookein. ii \ 1 againe,a delight intheir manner of Stileanid Phraſe, and an admiration of that kinde of writing Which was much furthered & precipitared by the enmity & oppolition, that the ordpenders of thoſe (pri- mitiue, but ſeeming nevy opinions) had' againſt the Schoole-men: who were generally of the contra- riepart:'and whoſe Writings were altogether in a diftering Stile and fourme, taking libertieto coyne, and framenew tearms of Art, to expreſſetheir own ſence, and to auoidecircuite of ſpeech, without re- eard'to the pureneſle, pleaſantneſle, and (as I may call it)lawfulneſle of the Phraſe or word: And a- eaine, becaufe the'grearlabour that then was with the people (of whome the Phariſees were wont to ſay : Execrabilis iſta turba que non nouit levem)for the winning and perſwading of them, there grewe of neceſsitic in cheefe price, and-requeſt;eloquence and varietieof diſcourſe, as the fitteſt andforcibleſt acceſle intothe capacitie of the vulgar ſort? fo that theſe toure caules concurring, theadmiration ofan- cient Authors, the hate of the Schoole-men;the ex- aQ ſtudieof Languages: 'and the efficacigof Prea- _ ching did bring in-an affeftionate Rtudie' of 'elo- quence, and cope of ſpeech, whichthen began to flouriſh, This grew ſpeedily roanexceſſe: for men began to hunt moreatter wordes, thanmatter, and more after the choiſcnelſe of the 'Phraſey arid the rothdand<learie compoſition of the ſMrende, and the ſweer falling of the clauſes; and thevarying'and | Uluſtration' of their workes withtropes and feures
I TTS=—— SR
| OR -—
#:Ofthe Aduancement of Learning, *
thenaftertheweight of matter, worth of ſubieQ, ſoundneſleof argument, life of inuention,or depth of iudgement;; I hen grew the flowing, and wa- trie yaineof Olo ie rhe; Portugal Biikop, to be in price: thendid/ Srarmins ſpend fuch inhaite, and curious painesvponCzcero the Orator, and Herzo- £-nesrhe Rhetoricay, belideshis owne Bookes of Periods,andimitation, and the like: T hen did Car of Cambtidee, and: Aſcham withiheir LeQures and Writings,almoſtdiche- Cicero and Demoſthenes, and allure,all young men that were ſtudious vnto that delicate and polliſhed kinde of learning. Thendid Eraſmws-take' ogcalionto make the ſcoffing Eccho; Decem annos conſumpſy in lezendo Cicerone: and the Ecchoanſweeed in Grecke, Ox? 5 4ſwme. T hengrew
thelearning oftheSchoole-men to be vierlydeſpi- -
{ed as:barbarous, In ſumme, the whole inclination and'bent of thoſe times, was rather towards copie, than weight, Witt =2
+ Here therefore, the firſt ditemper of learning, when menſtudie words, andnot matter : whereof
yet | | mis Nan On WS maits EN mi nw inalltime;And howis it poſsible,but this ſhould haue an operationto diſcreditelearning, euen with | wulgar capacities, when-they ſee learned mens workes likethe firſt, Letter. of\a,Patem,-or limmed Booket:whith thoughithath large flouriſhes, yerit
is bura Letter, It ſeemesro me that Pigmalionsfren-
zic isagood
F | *Þ CE F415
embleme or portraitureof this vanitic:
for
arte repreſented an example oflatetimes: |
| | | {
T he firſt 'Booke.. \ | 18
for wordes are but the Images of matter,; and1ex+ cept they haue life of reaſon and inuention: to fall in loue with them, is all one, as to fallinlone with a Picture. WIS | But yer notwithſtanding, it 1s.4 thing nor haſtily to be condemned, to cloath andadornethe'the ob- (curitic, cuen of Philoſophie it ſelfe, with ſenſible andplaulible elocution, For hereof we haue great examples in Xenophon, Cicero, Seneca, Plurarch, and of P/aroallo in ſome/degree, and hereof likewiſe there isgreat vſe: For ſurely, tothe (euere inquiliti- | onof truth, and the deepe-progreſle into Philoſo- ; Þhie, it is (ome hindrance ; becauleitis too early (a; > tisfaQtorie tothe minde of man, and'quencherhthe 7 dclire of further ſearch, belore wecome!toa iuſt F. a But then ifa man beto haneany vſeoffuch nowledge inciuile occalions, of conterence,coun- ſell, perlwaſion, diſcourſe, or the like: Then ſhall . he tinde it prepared ro his hands/in-tholſe Authors; \ Which write inthat manner, Butthe exceſle of this { ts ſoiuſtly contemprible, thatas Hercules, whenhee : fawthe Imageof- Adonis, Fenus Miznfon ina Tem . ple, faydindiſdame, Nl /acri es:i' So thereris none of Hercules followers in learning; that'is, the mare
|
; Tenere, and laboriousſort of Encuirers'mto-truth,
; Burwilldeſpiſe thoſe delicacies and alfeQarions, -as
| IndeedEcapableot nodmnelle, And thusmuchof
t_ MCANdIEA Eor dillemper of learning, 0 1G £13 T heſecond whichfollowethjs in mature; worſe
then tamache former : for as ſubſtance of marcer is 0.2 E 7 berter
as Virum
>: Of the aduanctent of learning, berttdrthan beautie of words: ſo contrariwile vaine matter:is worſe, than vaine words ; wherein it ſee- meththereprehenſionof Saint Pa»/e,was not onely proper forthoſetimes, but prophetical tor thetimes
tollowing, and notonly reſpectmeroDiumitec,but
extenſiuetoallknowledge. Dewta prophanas vocum
' motlitares. Ooppoſniones falſinominis [cientie. For he
aſsigneth rwo/Markes and Badges of (uſpetedand falttiedScience; The one,thenoucltic and ſtrange. neſfſeof tearmes ;the other; the ſtriQneſle of poll- tions, which of necelsitic dothinduce oppoſitions, and ſoqueſtionsandaltercations. Surely,lke as ma- ny {ubſtances in nature whichare (olide,do putrifie and-corrupr into wormes-::S0 1t is the propertic of good andioundknowledge,toputrifie and diflolue toanumber of ſubtile, idle, vaholeſome, and (as Ifaay tearme them) vermiculate queſtions; which haueindeede a kinde of quicknelle, and life of {pi- rite, butno ſoundneſſe of manter, or goodnefle of qualitie, This kinde of degenerate learning did chictely raigne amongfſtthe Schoole-men, who ha- uing fharpend Rronge wits, and aboundance of
lealure,and{malvarietie of reading; but their wits
being ſhin. vp inthe Cels of a few Authors (chictcly Ariſtotle their DiQaror) as their perſons were ſhit vp in the:Cells of Monaſteries and Colledges,and knowing little Hiſtorie, either of Natureortime, did out of no-great quantitic of matter, and infi- nite agitation of wit, ſpin 'out vnto vs thoſe labo- RR en pſp
| qo ookes,
» of
yn: ”
Bookes. For the wit and minde of man, ifit worke ypon matter, which isthe conrEplationofthe crea- tures of God worketh according to the ſtuffe,and is limitedthereby ; but if-it worke vpon irſelfe, as the Spider worketh his webbe, then it is endleſſe,; xnd and brings forth indeed Copyebs of learning, ad- mirablefor the fineſſe of thread and worke, but of no ſubſtance or profte. ' This ame voprofitable ſubtitſtie orcurioſitie is . —- of two ſorts: either in the ſubject it ſelfethat they NY = " handle, wheniris afruitleſle ſpeculation or contro- "hip ar po p; uerlie; (whereof thereareno ſmallnumberborh in Diwviniry'& Philoſophic) or inthe maner or method of handlingof aknowledge ; which amongſtthem wasthis; vponeueric particular poſition or aflerti- on toframeobieftions, and tothole obieQtious, ſo- lutions: which (olutions were forthe moſt partnot confurations, but diſtinftions : whereas indeed the ftrength of all Sciences, is as theſtrength'of the old mans faggot in the bond. For the harmonie of a ſcienceſupporting each part theother, is and ought tobe the true and briefe confuration and ſupprelsi- -on of all the ſmaller ſortof obieQtions : but on the other (ide, it you take out enerie Axiome, as the Rickes of the faggot one by one, yon may quarrel{ with them, and bend them and breake thematyour pleaſure: fo that as was fayd of Seneca t Y irborum minntis rerum franoit ponlera: S0 a manwmay truely fay of the Schoole-men 2ne/?ionun minurys Sciew rtaramfrancunt ſodiliratem,” = were it not Fes l - or
- Of the Advancement of Learning,
$ xd wi %
foramanin afaire roome; to ſet vponegrear light, orbraunching candleſticke of lights, than to goe a- boutwitha (mallwatch cand!e uno cuerie corner ? andfuchistheir methode, that reſts not ſo much vp- pan cuidence of truth prooucd by arguments, ait- thorities, ſimilitudes, examples; as vpon particular confutarions and {olutions of euerie {cruple, cauil- lation & obieQion : breeding for the-molt parrbne queſtis asfaſtas it ſolueth another ; euEas inthe for- mer reſemblance,when you carry the light into one corner, you darken thereſt: (o that the Fable and ti-
Rionot &:3aſeemeth to be a lively Image of this
kinde of Philoſophie or knowledge, which was transformed into a comely Virgine for the vpper parts; but then; Candida ſuccinttam, latramibus in- gina monſiris: So the Generalities of the Schoole- menarefora while good and proportionable; bur then when you deſcend into their diſtinctions and deciſions, in ſtead of a fruitfull wombe, for th& vſe and benefite of mans life; they end in monſtrous al- tercations and barking queſtions. Soas it is not pol. ſibleburthis qualitie of knowledge muſt fall vader popular contempt, the people being apr to con- remnetruth ypooccalionof Controuerſies & alter- cations, andtorhinke they are all-out of their way whichneuermeecte, and whenthey ſec ſuch digla- diation about ſubrilties, and matter of no vie nor moment, they ealily fall vpon that iudgement of Di- #n3/aus of Siracuſa, Verba iſta ſunt {enum ctioſorum. .- Norwithſtanding 'certaine'it is, that if thoſe {choole-
The firſt Booke, 21 Schoole mentotheir great thirſt of truth; and vn- wearied trauaile of wit, had 10yned varictic and vni- uerſalitic of reading and contemplation, they had prooued excellent Lights, to the great aduance- ment of all learning and knowledge: but as they are; theyare great vndertakers indeed, and fierce with darke keeping. Burt as inthe inquirie of the divine truth, their pride enclmed to leaue the Oracle of Gods word, and to vaniſh in the mixture of their © owneinuentions : {o in the inquilition of Nature, they cuerleftthe Oracleof Gods works, and ado- red the deceiuing and deformed Images, which the vnequall mirrour of their owne minds,or a few re- cciued Authors or principles, did repreſent vnto them. Andthus much for the ſecond diſcaſe of lear- ning.
For the third vice or diſeaſe of Learning, which concerneth deceit or vntruth, it is of all the reſtthe fowleſt ; as that which doth deftroy the effentiall fourme of knowledge; which is nothing but a re- preſentation of truth ; for the truth of being, and the truth of knowing are one, differing no-more than the direQ beame, and the beame reflected. This vice therefore brauncheth it ſelfe into rwo ſorts; delight in deceiuing, and aptneſſeto be deceined, impoſture and Credulitie: which although they ap- pearetobeof adiuers nature, the gne ſeeming to proceede of cunning, and the other of {implicttie; yet certainely, they doe for the moſtpart concurre: foras the verſenoteth.
"Vanribes Faln b
EE 2 Pr com-
TEITIY TTY
Of the aduancement of learning, Percont atorem furito ,namGarrulus idem e# : An inquiſitine man isa pratler : ſo vpon the like
xcaſon, a.credulous manis a decciuer : as we lee it | in fame, that hee that will ealily beleeue rumors, "will as calily augment rumors, and adde ſamewhar
tothem of his owne, which Tacitus witely notethy when he ſayth; Finzurr ſomul creduntg; logreatanat- finitic hath fictionandbeleefe, a
This facilitic of credite, and accepting or admit- ting|.thinges weakely authorized or warranted, isof two kindes, according to the ſ{ubiect: For it 'is Either a belcete of Hiſtorie, ( as the Law- yers ſpeake, matter of fact:) or elſe of matter of art and opinion; As to the-former, wee lee the experience and inconnenience- of this erronr in eccleſiaſticall Hiſtorie, which hath too ealily recei: ved andtegiſtredreportsandnarrations of Miracles wroughtby. Martyrs, Hermits, or Monkes of the deſert, andother holy men 3 /and there-Reliques, Shrines, Chappels, and Images: which though
—_— — > — — - —
"hey had a-paſſage for time, by the ignorance of
the;people; the ſuperſtitious fimplicitie of tome; and” the politique tolleration-of others, hoidin
them but as diwyne poelies :' yer after a-periode of time, whenthe mift beganto cleare vp, they grew to be eſteemed, but as old wiues fables, impoſtures of the-Cleargic illuſions of ſpirits, and badges of
- Antichriſt, ro.the-great ſcandall and .detriment of
Religion, *% Sen naturall Hiſtorie, wee {cc there hath nor Deene:
The firſt Booke. D 90T FOES
beene that choiſe and iudgement vſed, as ought to haue beene, as may appeare in'the writings of Plinius, Cardanus,« A lbertus, anddiners of the Ara« bians, being fraught with much fabulous matter,
a great part, not onely vntryed, butnotoriouſly vn true, tothe great derogation of the :credite of na- turall Philoſophie, with the grave and ober kinde of wits; wherceinthe wiledomeandintegritic of 4+ ritot/eis worthy to be obſerued,that hauing made fo diligent and exquilite a Hiſtorie of living crea- tures, Fach mingled. it ſparingly with any vaine or fayned matter, and yetonthother (alle, hath caft all prodigious. Narrations, which hethought wor-
_ thythe recording into one Booke: excellently diſ- cerning that matter of manifeſt truth; {uch'where- ypon obſernation and rule was to bee built, was not to bee mingled or weakened:with matteri.of donbtfull credite - and: yet ' againe;that- rarities and reports, that ſeeme vncredible;' are not to be ſuppreſied or denyed to the memorie of men. And asfor the facilitie of credite which, is yeel-
ded to Arts & opinions, its likewile cttwo kinds, either when too much beleete is attributed tothe Arts themſelues,or to certaine Authors in any Art, The Sciences them(elues which haue had better intelligence and confederacie with the imagination of man, than with his reaſon; are.three in number ; Aftrologie, Naturall Magicke,and'A/cumy: of which Sciences neuertheleſſe-the ends or pretences arc noble, .For Aſtrologie pretendeth todiſcouer that R_ F3z correipon-
Su bictha Gedult |
-.-
& Of the Aduancement-of Learning,
correſpondence' or concatenation, which is be- eweenethe ſupeciour Globeand the inferiour, Na- turall-Mapickepretendeth to cal &reduce natural | Philuſophiefrom variety otſpeculations tothe mag- | nitude of works; And _acrmypretendeth ro make ſeparation of-all the vnlike parts of bodies, which in mixtures of nature are incorporate, Burt the deri- vations and proſecutions ro thele ends, both in tlfe theories; and inthe praQtiſes are fill of Ercour and vanitic; whichthe great Proteflorsthemſelues haue ſoughrto w_ ouer and conceale by cuigmaricall rings, a89'referring themſelnes toauricular tra- ditions;andfach other-deuiſes, to ſane the credite of Inipoſtares; :and yet ſurelyto UAumy this right is due,thatit may be compared to the Husband man whereof ,#/ope makes the Fable; that when he di- ed; rold hisSonnes, tharhe hadicft' vntothem go'd, buried 94, ra in his Vineyard; and they dig- edonerslltheground, andgoldrheytound none, but byreaſon'of their ſtirring and diggingthe mold about, the rootes of their Vines, theyhad a great Vimapgerhe yearefollowing: ſoafluredly the (earch ahdftfrrero make goldhach bronghtto light a grear mimber of good andfruitfull muentions and expe- riments;as wellforthediſcloſing of Nature ; as for the vieof mais tie, - TT: b pe Yr :-Andasforrheonertmich creditertathn;b beene piven mo Authors in Sciences, in making them biQmors,thatthetr wordes ſhomd ftand; and nor 'Counſe!sroginendaiſethe daywunageismfinirethar
HON 199 SCIENCES
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Sciences haue recciued thereby,-as the principall cauſe that hath kept them lowe, at a-ſtay withour
grownh or aduancement. For henceit hath comen,
at in arts Mechanicall, the firſt dewifer coms ſhor- teſt; and timeaddeth and pertecteth-+-bur in Scien- ces the firſt Author goeth turtheſt, and time lecſeth and corrupteth. So we lee, Artilleric, ſayling,prin- ting, and hs like, were grollely managedatthe firſt and by ume accommodatedand retined';: but con- traryrvite the Philoſophies and Sciences of _27- ftorle, Plaro, Democritus, Hypocrates, Enclides, Archi- medes, of moſt vigor at the firſt, and by time depe- necate and imbated,vyhercoftthe reafoniis no other,
bene contributed in one ; and inthe later-many wits and induſtries haue.ben ſpent about the witot ſome one; whom many times they haue rather depraued than illuſtrated, For as water will notaſcendhigher, than the lenell of the firſt ſpring head, from whence it deſcendetrh: ſo knowtedge derited from _Ari//o- tle, and exempted from hhertie of examination,will not riſe againe higher, thary the knowledge of Arz-
| floile, And therforealthongh the poltion be good:
Oportet cyſcentem credere : yet-n muſt bee coupled with this,0portier edodtumiucicare : for Diſciples doe
owe uno Maiſters onelyatemporarte/beleefc; and.
aſuſpenſion of their owne mdgement; talt they be fully inftruted, and not anabſolnte retgnation, or perperuall capriuitie: andtherefore ro conchide this
point, Iwillſay no more, burs fo let great Authors
F 4 haue
£3
Of rs, HORS of h learning
hatie theire due, as time which is the dos of Authors benot depriued of his due, which is furder and farder to diſcouer-truth. Thus haue I gone 0. ver theſe three diſcaſſes of learning, belides the whichthereareſomeother rather peccanthumors, then fourmed diſeaſes, which neuertheles are = ſo ſecret and intrinfike, but that they fall vnder a ar obſeruation and traducement; and ther are not tobepalledouer. The firſt ot theſe is the extreame affeQting ofrwo extreamities;'The one Antiquity, The other No- velty; wherein ir ſeemeth the children of time doe rakeafter the-narure and malliceofthe father. For as hedevowreth'his children; ſo one of them ſeck- erhro deuoure and ſupprefle the other; while-An- 1 3-nn there ſhould be new additions; and icannot 'becontenttoadd, but it muſt de- Hog Sut theaduiſcof che Prophet i is thetruedi- reQtioninthis matter, Srate ſaper Vids autiquas,& vi- ny ' QUAN tt via refta &* bona, © ambulneinea, Antiquity delerueth thatrevertce, that men ſhould mild and —_— and diſcouer what is the beft way,but whenthe diſcoucry iswell takenthen to make progresſion; Andto peake truly, Antiqui- ra ferult Inuentus Mundi. Theſe times are theancient times Whienttheworld' isancient, ¬ thoſe which 'we'count antient Ordine rerrog7s do, byacompura- cion backward:from our ſelues. + AnotherErrorinducedbythe former is a diſtruſt _ any ting ſhould: becnouw 10 bee found yo. | Winic
The firſt Booke. OY 34- which the world ſhould haue miſſed and pafſed ouer ſo long time, as if the ſane obieQtion were to be made totime, that Zaciay makethto 7upirer, and other the heathen Gods, of which he woondreth, that they begot ſo many Childrenin old time, and begot none 1n his time, andasketh whether they were become ſeptuagenarie, or whether the lawe Pappia made againſt old mens mariages had reſtray- ned them, So itſeemeth men doubr, leaſttime is be- come paſt children and generation; wherein con- trary wiſe, we {ce commonly the leuttie and vncon- ſtancie of mens indgements, which till a matter bee done,wonder that it can be done;and afloone as it is done, woonder againe that it was no ſooner done, aswe (ce inthe expedition of _{lexander into Aſiz, whichar firſt was preiudged asa vaſtand impoſiible enterprize ; and yet afterwards it pleafeth; Zavye to make no more of it, than this, NV! alind quam bene anuſus vana contemnere. And the ſame happened to Colambns inthe weſterne/Nauigation; But inintel- leQtuall matters, it is much more common; as may be ſeen in moſt of the propoſttions of Exc/zde,which till they bee demonſtrate, they (ſeeme ſtrangeto our aſſent; but being demonſtrate, our mind accepterh of them by a kind ofrelation(as the Lawyers (peak) as if we had knownethem before: -
Another Errour' that hath al ſome affinicic with the former, is a conceit that of former opinions” orſeQs after varictieand examination, thebcſt hath {hill prevailed ; and fuppreſſed the reſt;So as if a.
G man
ED tf i $f . | + :Of the aduancement-of- learning, man (hould'beginne the labour of anewe ſearch, hee were'bur like ro-light vppan ſomewhat for: merly-reiccted and by reiection, brought into oblinion ; asif the multitude;-or the vviſeſt forthe multitudes fake;' were not'readie to'giue paſſage, racher- to: that which is popular and ſuperticiall,
than ro:that/Which is ſubtttantiall and:profounds
for therruth is, that time feemerh'to be-of the nal ture of a Riner, or. ftreame;; *'which'carrycth doyne to'ivy that which is light'and: blowne vp; and finker and droyneththar- which isweightie mmilge=175 2o1tyf r mogbror3rrb tt 4 21067
Another Errour of a-diuerſe nature from all the former, is the ouer: early and'peremprorie redu- Qionotiknowledge into Artsand Methodes: from whichtime;commontytSciences recenieſmallorteo augmentation. Bur as young men,. whenrhey knit and ſhape perfeAly, doeteldamegrovyto a further ftature': ſo knowledge, while it-15\in Aphoriſmes and obſeruations,” it is in:groweth:; but when«it once is comprehended inexatt Methodes; it 'may perchance be further polliſhed and illuſtrate, and accommodated for vie andprattite; but it encrea4 ſeth nomore in bulke andſnbſtance, © 6 7
Another Errour which dothfuccced tharwhich we laſt mentioned,'is, that after the diſtribution of particular Arts and Sciences, men haueabandoned vniuerſalitie,or Ph:loſopiaprimaz which cannor bur cea(c, and /ſtoppe all progresfion. "For no pertet diſcoucric can bee madevppon a latte, or alevell. mn | - oe Neither
Sax __ SIS & 8 > Co EI BY Ot 4 raging
+ The firftbooke.". 25
Neither is it posſibletodiſtouerthe more remote; and deeper parts. dt-any Science, it you ſtand but vpon tbe lenell of the ſame Science, and alcengnor ro a higher Science, : Another Error hathproceeded from too great a reuerence, anda kinde |of adoration of the minde and vnderftanding, of matiz, by . meanes whereof, men haue withdrawne themiclues roo much ſrom the comemplation of Nature, and the obſcruations of expcricnce: and haue tumbled vp and downe in their ownereaſon and <onecits : vpontheſe Intelle- Qualliſts, which are notwithſtanding commonly ta- | kenfor the moſt ſublime and diuine Philoſophers ; Heraclitas gave a inſt cenſure, ſaying : Men ſonurhr
ruth inrher owne little worlds,and not in rhe great and common world : for they diſdainetoſpell, and lo by
degreestoreadin theyolume of Gods works, and
contrarywiſe by continuallmeditation and agitati-
on of wit,doe vrge, and as it were inuocate their owneſpirits,to.diuine,and giue Oracles vntothem, whereby they are deſeruedly deluded,
Another Error that hath ſome connexion with this later, is, that men hauevyſedto infect their me- ditagions, opinions, and doctrines vwirh ſome con- ccits which they haue moſt admired, or (ome Sci- ences which they haue-molſt applyed; and giuen all things elſca tinctureaccording to them, vtterly vn- true-and / vnproper; . $0. hath .Plazo, intermmgled his. Philoſophic with T heologie,, and CAr:/iotle: with Logicke , and the ſecond Schoole of Plate, $f G 2 Proclis,
"0 Of te Atkancenento/earning,
Proclss, and the reft, withthe Mathemariques. For theſe werethe Artswhich had:akinde of ?rimw 2e- w#irure With them ſeuerally('Sohaue the Alchymiſts made aPhilolophic cut of a few. experiments of the Furnace;'and Gilbertus our Countrey man hath made a Philoſophie'om-ot* the-obleruations. of a Loadſtone. - SoCicers, when recitingthefeuerall 0- pinions of the nature of the (oule, he found a Muli- tian, -that held the ſoule was but a harmonie; ſayth pleaſantly: Hic 4b arte ſua non recesit,£c,Bur of thele coneeits C1 riſtotle: ſpeaketh'(eriouſly and: wilely, whenhelayth: 2uireficinnt ad panca/ac facili pro- ANRHAnt.
Another Errour is an impatience of doubt,and haſt roaſlertion'withour due and mature tfuſpention of iudgement.'| Fortherwo wayesof comemplati- on are not vnlike the two wayes of ation; com- monly ſpokenof by'the Ancients. The oneplainand ſmooth mthe beginning; nd inthe endimpaſlable: the other rough and troubleſome/in the entrance, but after a while faire and enen, fo it is in coremplay tion,if a man will begin with certainties, hee (hall endindoubrs; bur if he will be centent to beginne with doubrs; he ſhall end incertamries, 151-8
- AnotherError is in the manner. of the tradition and deliverie of knowledge, which is for the moſt part Magiſtralland peremprorie; and not ingenu- ous andfaithfull; ina ſort, as may-be ſooneſtbedlee- ned; and nor eaſileſt examined. Iris trueythar in compendious Treatiſes for praQtiſe, that fourme is
ROt
T he firſt Booke, 26 not to beedilallowed. But inthetrue handling of knowledge, men ought not tofalleither onthe one ſide iato the veyne of Yelcins the Epicurean : 4 tam metuen*, quam ne dubitare aliqua de re videretur; Nor on the other (ide into Socrates his irronicall doubting of all things,but ro propound things fn- cerely,with more orlefle aſſeueration:asthey ftand in a mans owne iudpement, prooued more or leſle.
Other Errors there are in the ſcope that men propound to themſchies, whereunto they bend their endeauours: for whereas the more conſtant and deuote kind of Profeſlors of any ſcience ought to propound to themſeclues, to make ſome additi- onstotheir Science; they conuert their labours to alpireto certaine ſecond Prizes; as to bea profound Interpreter or Comentet ; to bea ſharpe C hampion or Detender ; to be a methodical! Compounder or abridger ;” and {o the Patrimonie of knowledge commeth to be ſometimes improoued:but ſeldome augmented. |
But the greateſt Error of allthereſt, is the miſta- ” king or miſplacing'of the laſt or furtheſt end of knowledge : for men haue entred intoa delire of Learning and knowledge, ſometimes vpon a natu- rall curiolitic, and inquilitine appetite; ſometimes to enterraine their mindes with varicticanddelight; ſometimes for ornament and reputation; and ſome- times to inable them roviQorie of wit and'contra- diction, and moſt times for lukar and profesſion,and ſeldome {incerely to gine a true account of their
G 3: guift
>» Of the aduancement of learning,
it there were ought in knowledgeaCowch,wher- vpontoreſta ſcarching andreſiletle ſpirite; oratar- rallefor a wandring and variable-minde, to walke vp and downe witha faire proſpett; ora Tower of State for aproude mindeto raile it (elfe vpon5'/or a Fort or. commaunding ground. for {trife and con- tention, ora.-Shoppe _ I or (ale; and not a rich Stotc-houle tor the glorie of the Creator, and the relicfe of Mans; cftate. Butthis 1s that; which will indeed dignific and exalt knowledge 3 if con- templation and action may be more neercly. and ſraightly conioyned and vaned together , than they haue beene; a ConiunQtion like vnto. that of the two higheſt Planets; Siarmethe Planct of reſt and, contcwplation 3 and: lwpirer the Planer: of ci uile- focictie and aQion . Howbeit, I doe nor meane' when 1 (peake of vic and ation, that end before mentioned a the applyuig of knowledge to luker and profesfion ; For I am not. ignorant howe much that diuertcth and interrupteth the proſecution and aduauncement of knowledge ; like vnto the goulden ball throwne before _U74- dna, which while ſhee- gocth alide,, and Roo- path to.take "Po the race is hindred, Declingt cur ſus, aurumque volubile role + ' Neither is my m callPhiloſoply down hows roconuerſe vpon thecarth,that wy natural Philoſophy aſide.&
A oncly to manners,and ar ut
guift of reaſon, tothebenefiteandvie of men-: Av |
"N |
caningas was ſpoken of Secrares, to |
The firſt Booke! 25 Bur as both heauen and earth doe conſpire and contribute ro the-vie and benefite of man: Sorhe end ought to'bee from both Philoſophies, to (e- parate and reiect vaine ſpeculations, and what(o- cuer is emptie and voide, and to preſerue and augment whatſoeuer is ſolide and fruitfull: that knowledge may not bee as a Curtezan for pleaſure, & vanitie only,or as a bond-womanto acquire” and eainetoher Maſters vſe,but as a Spoule,for genera- tion, fruit,and comfort. T hnshauc Idefcribedand openedas by a kinde 'of difleQtion, thoſe peccam humors (the principal of them) which hath not onely giuen impediment to the proficience of Learning, but haue giuen alſo occaſion, tothe traducement thereof : wherein if -Ihaue beene roo phaine, it muſt bee temembred; - Fidelmuulnera' amantis, ſed aoloſa oſtuls malitnantis, This Tthinke Thane gained, that I onght ro beethe berrer ahve en which I ſhall ſay pertayning -to 'commendation :'becaufe I have proceeded {o freely, in/that which concerneth cenſure. And yer I haueno purpoſe to enter into a laudatiue of Lear- "ning, or to make a Hymne to the Muſes (though -Jam. of opinion, that it is long ſincetheir Rites were \duely celebrated) bur myintent is without varniſh .or amplification, iuſtly ro weigh the dignitie of knowledgein the ballance with other things.,and to 'takethetrue value thereof by teftimonies/and ar- -guments diuine, and'/humane. 9 HOY bt» Firſttherefore;ler vsſecke the dignitie of know- do” |. 4 "27+ un
- Of the Aduancement of Learning, ledge inthe Arch-tipe or firſt plat forme, which is is in the attributes and as of God, as farreasthey arereuealed roman, and may be obſerued with (o- brictie, wherein we may not (eeke it bythe name of Learning, for all lcarning is knowledge acqui- red, and all knowledge in Cod is originall. And therefore we muſtlookefor ir by another name,that | of wiſedome or ſapience, as the {criptures call it, | Itis ſo then, that in the worke of the Creation,we ſee adouble emanation of vertue fr God : the one referring more properly topower,the otherto wilc- dome,the one expreſſed inmaking theſubliſtenceof the mater,&the other in diſpoling the beauty of the fourme, This being (uppoſed,itisro bee obſerued, that for any thing which appearethinthe hiſtorie of the Creation,the confuſed Maſle, and matter ofhea- _uenandearth was made ina moment,and theorder * and diſpoſition of that Chaos or Maſle,was the work | of lixe dayes, ſuch a note of-difference it pleaſed God to-put vppon the workes of power, and the workes of witedome: wherewith concurreththat intheformer, it isnor ſette downe, that God ſayd, | Les there be Heawen and Earth, as it isfet downe of | the workes following, but aRually , that God made Heauen andcanth: the one carrying the ftile of a ManutaQure, and the other of a lawe, decree, or | Toproceedetothat which isnext in order frem | God toſpirits : we findeasfarre ascrediteisto bee giucato the celeſtiall Hierarchye, of that ſuppoled Dfonyſuns,
Ky
—— [Ra 46
LEW,
Oe man
| ITT .The foft bogke\... 20
Diowf us he Senator of Athens the: bR ape .Or degree is giuen to the Angels of loue, which are rearmed Seraphimgcthe {econd tothe Angels of light, which are tearmed Cherwbipsy and thethird; and, to following places tothrones, principalirics, and the
rel}, which are all Angels of power and miniſtrys 10 as the Angels of;knowledge,and illumination, are placed; betorg the Angels of Office and domina-
UON..
Todeſcend from (| virits Vs incelleQuall ſormes ro ſenſible and marcriall, fourmes,, wee read the firſt fourme that- was, .creared;, was light, which hath a tclation and correſpondence. i innature,and corporall thinges,to knowledge in {pirits and :in- corporallthinges, ', /,
So in the diſtribution of dayes, we, (ce the day
wherin God did reſt, & conteplate his owne works,
-Was bleſſed aboue al the daye5s wherein he did > fe and accompliſhihem. .
After the Creauon was Coithed, it is ſcrte downe, vnto-'ys, that man was placed, in. the Garden to worke thereuy,, which works 1o ap- pointedto.him, could beg no other than worke of contemplation, that is, when the'end of worke is but for exerciſe 2nd experiment, not for necclgntic, for there being then no reluciationot;thecreature, nor ſeas, of the brgwe, .nans employment mult of: conſequence haueben manerofdelighrinthe ex- periment and not matter of labor forthe vic.Againe my wt AQs which,man Leah in Paradiſe, conſiſted
. CJ p by 6 F \ , * * 4 » Of the Aduancement 0 arning,
conſiſted of the twoſummaric parts of knowledge, | theview of Creatures, andthe impoſition of names, As for the knowledge which induced thefall,it was, as was touched before;'not the naturall knowledge of Creatures, "but the morall knowledge of good and euill, wherein theiſuppoſition vas, that Gods commaundements or'prohibitions were'not the originals of good and euill, but that they had 0- ther beginnings whjch man alpired to know,tothe end, 'to make a'totall defeftion from God, and to depend wholy vpon himlelte, | | ---To paſſe on, inthe firſfeuent or occurrence after the fallof Mans; wee (ee(asthe Scriptures haue in- finite Myſteries, not violating at all the truth of the Storie or letter) an Image of the rwo Eſtates, the Contemplatiue ſtate, andtheaQtiue ſtate, figured in chetwoperſons of <Lbelland Cain, and in therwo | ſimpleſt'and moſtprimitiue Trades of life: thar of | the Shepheard (who by reaſon of his lea(ure, reft in a place, and living in view of heauen, is a liuel Image of a contemplariue life) and that of the buſ. bandman; where we (ce againe, the fauour and e- leion of God went torheShepheard, and not to thetiller of theground.
Sointhe age before the floud; the holy Records within thoſe tew memorials, which are there en- rredandrepiſtred, haue vouchſafed to mention,and honovr the name of the Inuentors and Authors of
Muſique, and works in metrall, -Inthe age after the Floud, the firſt great iudgement of God vpponthe | ambition
ambition 'of man, was the confulion of tongues ; whereby the open Trade and intercourle of Lear- ningand knowledge, was chietely imbarred. , o.deſcend tro. Moy/esthe Law-+giuer ,, and: Gods firſt penne; hee is adorned. by the. Scriptures with this addition, and commendation: That he was ſeene in all the Learnin? of the «A; yptians, Which Nation we know was one of the molt ancient Schooles of the world:for,(o 2/aro brings in theEgyprian Pricf, faying vnto Solon: TI on Grectans are ener Children, you haue noknowledee of antiquitie, nor antiquitie of know - l:dze, Takea view of the ceremoniall law of Moy- /eyon (hall find belidesthe prefiguration of Chriſt, the: badge or difference of the people of God, the excercileand impreſsion of obedience, and other divine vſes and fruits thereof, that ſume of the moſt learned Rabynes haue trauailed profitably, and pro- foundly to obſerue, ſome of them a narurall; ſome of them a morall ſence, or reduCtion of many of rhe ceremonies and ordinances: As -inthelawe of the Leproulie, whereirt is\ayd: If 2he whiteneſSe han? 0- wer ſpread the fl.ſhythe-Putiens pry paſſe abroad for clean 3 But if there be any whole fiſh remayning , he is to be ſhar Up for wvncleane: One of them notcth a principle of nature, that putrefaCtion is more contagious before maturitie thanaſter; Andanathernotetha polition of morall Philoſophie,that men abandonedto vice, doe not ſo much corrupt manners, asthoſerhar are halfe good,and halfe euill, (o, inthisand veric many other places inthat lawe,, there isto bee found be- | Suge H 2 {ides
v£0Of the ad »en of learning, _ Theologicallſence, mich aſperſion of Phi- v& hie. | H | e \ . | TY Solikewiſe inthat excelſentBooke of 7b, if it be en6licd with dilivence, it will be found pregnant, ad Hyelling with narurall Pliloſophie® asfor ex- ample, Coſmographie, and the roundnefle of the world : 9#i exrendit aquilonem ſuper victum, © appentlt terram' ſuper nibilum: wherein the penſile- « neſſe of the. earth, 'rhe''pole of rhe'Northi and the finitenefle, or connexiricof Heanen are mani- i -feftly rotiched, © So againe matter of Aftronomie, Spirituseins ornauts catos © obſterricante manu e- eres edutFisefÞ toluber rorrnoſus*' And in! atiother Place, "Nnnguid romnnocte' valebit mitantes tells pleyadas, aut pyram ariFari poteris aiſSipare? where the fixing of the ſtarres-encr-ſtanding/at equall diſtaiice, is with great elegancie noted : And'in 2aj0ther place; Oxy fitrartFurum, © rid. hy. "adas } &* inreriora auit#i , where apaine hee rakes knowledge ofthe deprefsion ofthe Southerne pole, calling ir the ſecrets of the Somh,-/becauſetheſou- ] : theftte ſharrevnveretitthartlimate ynſeene, Mar- *ter of neration, Anon Jour lac miulſiſts me, © ficitr "caſeim eoruleſ/i nie, Gr/Matterof Mynerals, '[abes 420 Um Venar in ſuave principia © &'anrolocuseſt i” 919 donſlibir. forma? tt Mira 3th, lapis folurus eto IWF 6artibicr: BAG (OforwardSin that Chapter, "$0 likewiſe" if the petfon 'of $1/omw the King, \yee ſee the gnift-or endowment- of wiſe- domeand1carriing both ivSafomors petition, and in "R000 £4 Gods
The firſt Booke . zZO Gods aſſent thereunto' preferred before all other rerrene and temporallfelicttie, By vertue of which grant or donatiue of God, Salomon became inabled, not onely to Vrite thole excellent Parables, or Aphoriſmes concerning dinine and morall Phi- lofophie ; bur alſo to compile a naturall Hiſtoric of all verdor, from the Cedar vpon the Mountaine, tothe moſie yppon the wall, (which is but a rudi- "ment betvyeene purrefattion, and'anhearbe) and allo cf all things, that breath or mooue. Nay the ſame Salomon the King, although he excelled in the plorte of treaſure and magnificent buildings of ſ\hippimg and Nawgartion, of feruice and atten- *danice, of tame and refiowne; and the hke3' yerhee makethno claime to any of thoſe glories; but onely to the plotie of Inquiſition of truth : for ſo he fayth *EXP reſfely * The zlorie of Goil is to tomteale a thing, But the g/orie of the Kine is ro findit out, asf according to the innocent play of Children the divine Maic- ſtietooke' delight tohide hisWorkes, tothe endto hanethem found our, and 'as if Kinges could nor ' dbraine'4/grearer honour; tharto bes Gods'play- Fellowes in that' game, conſidering the great com- - marindement of wits and meanes,whereby nothing "needeth to be hidderifrom them;
Neither did the'difpenſation of God vatie'inthe times after ovr Saniſorireame into theworld;for our Savfour himfclfe did firſt ſhew his power to ſubdue ignorance, by his conference withthe Prieſts and 'DoQtors of the awe 5 before he ſhevyed his power H 3 to
7 - p "; [ Lt 6 by .
© -Of the Aduancement of Learning,
roſubdue natureby his miracles, And the comming. of the holy ſpirite, was chiefly tigured and exprel- ſedinthe Emilinudc and guitt of tongues; whichare but Yehicula ſcientie. | PIER : SointheeleQion of thoſe Inflruments, which it pleaſed God to vſe for the plantation of the faith, notwithſtanding, that at the firſt hedid employ per- (ons altogether vnlearned, otherwile than by in(pi- ration, more cuidently ro declare his immediate working, and to abbale all humane wiſedome or | knowledge; yerneuertheleſle, that Counſell of his was no ſooner perfourmed, but inthe next vicilsi- rude andſuecelsion, he did ſend his divine truth in- ro:the world, wayted on with other Learnings as with Seruants or Handmaides : For ſo we (ce Saint Paule, who was only learned amongfſtthe Apoſtles, had his penne moſt viedinthe (criptures of | 1K Teſtament. 0 So againe, we finde that many of the ancient Bi- ſhops and Father of the Church, were exccllently redde, & ſtudied in allthe learning of the Heathen, inſomuch; that the EdiQ.of the Emperour 1lianys (whereby it was interdicted vnto Chriſtians to bee admitted into Schooles; LeEtures, ar exercifes of learning) was eſteemedandaccounted a more per- nitious engine and machinarion againſt the Chriſti- MG ores all the (anguinarie. proſecutions | of his Predeceflors; Neither could the emulation * 'and lealouſie of Grezorie the firſt of that name, Bi: - ſhop of Reme,cuer obtainethe opinion of pictic or | denorion :
The firſt Booke. BE 21 devotion: but contrarywile receiued the cenſure of humour, malignitie, and pulillanimitie, euen a- monegſt holy men: in that he deſigned to obliterate and extinguiſh the memorieof Heathen antiquitic and Authors. But contrarewile it was the Chriſti- an Church, which amidit the inundations of the Scyrhians, on the one {1defrom the Northweſt: and the Saraceys from the Eaſt, did preſerue inthe ſacred lappe and bolome thereof, the pretious Reliques, e- uen of Heathen Learning, which otherwiſe had beene extinguiſhed, as it no ſuch thing had euer
beene. - And wee (ce before our eyes, that intheage of our ſclues, and our Fathers, whe it pleaſed God to callthe Church of Romero account, for their de- generate manners and ceremonies: and ſundriedo- . Arines, obnoxious, andframed to vphold the.ſame abuſes: At one andthe ſame time, it was ordayned by the diuine prouidence,:that there ſhould attend: withall a renouarion, and new ſpring of all other knowledges : And on the other fide,, weſeethele- ſuites, who partly in themſelues, and partly by the emulation and prouocation of their example, haue muchquickned and ftrengthned the ſtate of Zear- ning: welee (Iſay) what notable ſeruice and repa- rationthey haue done tothe Romane Sea, | Wherefore to conclude this part, let it bee ob» ſerued, that there be rwoprincipall duties and ſer- uices beſides ornament & illuſtration, which Phi- lolophie and humane. learning doe perfourme to _ . faith
BY
1: Of the adua teement of learning,
fanchand Religion; The one, becaule they, are. an effeftuallinducement t9 the exaltation of the glory of God; For asthePlalmes and orher Scriptures doe okeninuite vs to conlider, and magnitic.the grear and -wonderfill workes of God 40 if we {hould reſt onely in the contemplation of the exterior of them, as they firſt-offer themiclues 10 our [ences ; weſhould doalikeiniuric ynzothe Maicltic of God, as if wee ſhould-iudge or-conftrue.of the ſtore of ſome excellentleweller, by that onely: which 1s (er ourtoward the ftrecte/in;his ſhoppe.. T he, other, becauſethey miniſter a linguler helpe and preſerua-
tine azainſt ynbeleete, and error; For our Saviour faith} 7 erre not knowing the Scriprnres ner the power.
of God; laying before vs two Bookes,or volumes to
| fdie;if we willbe ſecured from errour.: firſt the
tcriptures, reucaling.the;vy lll of God ; and then the creatures cxpreſSing bispower;!whereot the Jarer isakey vntothe former; not-onely opening our yn- detftanding to conceive the.truelenceot the(crip-
tures; by the cnetanorions of reaſon andrules of
ſpeech; burchicielyopeningour belecte, jindcaw- ings into:aducmediationotihe omniporencic of God, which. is chictely;{igned and ingraucn vppon his werkes: Thus!much therefore for diuinexteſti- monie and emdence, centerning the true dignitie, endvalue of learning!; bulb ot. Gn 7
As-forhiwmane proofes;itis {© large afield, as ina dicourſe of this nature and:brevitie, itis fitrather vie choi{e-ok:thole: things, ywhich/we ſhall pro-
NR duce,
.
5
Ld
=
» .
| Cf —»
þ
545
SES.
KL $ £ * 3 a .,
duce;thatito embrace thevarieryofthern.Firftther- fore-in the degrees of humane honour amongftthe heathen, it was the highefl, ro obtain toa veneration &® adorationasa God, -T his vatothe Chriſtians is as the forbidden fruit.Bur we ſpeakenowfſeparatelyof humaneteſtimonie; according to which,thatwhich the Grecians call Apotheoſis, and the Latines, Rel4- roimer dives, was the fupreamehonour,which man could attribure:mto man; tpecially-when itwas gi- uen; not by a formall Decree or Act of State; as it was vicdamongſt the RomaneEmperours; but by an inward afſent and beleefe'; which honour bei ſo high, had alſo-a degree'or middlce-rcarme:! for here vere reckoned aboue humane honours, ho- ' mnour heroycall and diuine: In'theatribution; and diſtribution of which honours; wee.lee Antiquitic co this difference : that whercas founders and vniters of Statesand Cinies, Law-giuers, 'cxtirpers of Tyrants; Fathers of thepevple; and other emi- nent perſons in cinile merite, were honoured bur With thetidles of Worthiesor Demy-Gods: ſuchas were Hergales,Theſeus, Minos, Rowulus,andihe like : onthe other fide, ſuch as were Initentors and Au thors of new Arts;endowments; and commodities towards mans life, were cuer conſecrated amongſt the Godsthemſelues,as was C eres, Bacchus, Mercurins, polls and:others andinfily:torthemernt ofthe for- mer is confined withinthe circle of anage; or ana- tion: and is hke fruirfull-ſhowers,, which though they beprofitable and/good : yer ſerue bur for thar "22110 i (caſon,
C2 oo SAS
WY i O/ the Adua neement of:Learning,
-fealon;and'for alatirude of ground-where they fall: But theother isindeedlike the benefits of Heauen, which arepermanent-and yniuerſall. The tormer
againeismixt with ftrite and perturbation; bir.the
'tater harhthercue Caratter ot divvive preſence;com- indura:leni} withournoiſc oragitation; _»: -- : 1. 1;
Neither.is certainely that-ojfict merite of leat- ning,in repreſsing the inconueniences which grow from manto/man;: much inferiour.torhtformer; of
relicuing the neceſsities whith-ariſe- from nature; which merice was linely (ct forth'by the Ancients inthar fayned relation: of Orpherns T heater; where all beaftsand birds afſembledjand;forgperting their
- ſeucrallapperites; ſome ofpray;ſoine otgame,fome
ofquarrell,ftoodallfbciably rogerher liſtening vnto the ayres :and-'accords of the Harpe 3.the lound
whereof no ſooner iccaſed, or: was. drowned: by ſomelowgdernoyſe/ 5. bur cucrieibeaſt returned:to his vwnenature; whercihisapriy'deſcribed the na- rreand condition of:men; who arctull of fauage and vnreclaymeddeltres3:of profite,:of luſt; of re- nenge; which as long as theygiyecareto precepts, tolawes, ito religion; vſweetely whlielo- quence and-perfwalomofHaokes; dbSermwons, .of haranges 5 ſo long is(ocietie and peace maintained; bur if theſe inſtruments bee filent ; or that ſedition and tumulemakerthem notaudible/z :allthinges dil- ſolue inroAnarchie and Confuſion; © 1tte: 7 2 n
_ © »Butthis appearerhmoremanileſtle, when Kings
themſclues, or perſons of aythocritic Rp. 1
othcr-
. - EE , # © <0. 1: BhefirftiBookeg® v1 \33
other Gouernours in common wealthes, and popu- lar Eftates, are endued with Learning, For although hemight berhought partiallto hisowne protelsion, that ſayd, Then (hould peopleand eſtates be happie, when either. Kings 'were Philoſophers, or Philoſophers Kms : yet ſo muchis verified'by experience; that vnder learned Princes and Gouernours, there haue been-cner the beſt times; for howlocuer Kinges may haue their imperfections in their paſsions and Cuftomes3; yet itthey be illaminate by learning,they hauethoſe Notions of Religion, policie, and mora- litie; whichdoe preſerue them, and retraine them from allruinons and peremptory errors & exceſles; whiſpering enermore in their cares, when'Counſel. lors and ſeruants ſtand mute, and filent; (and Sena- tors, or Counſellours likewiſe, whichbeelearned, doe proceede vpon more fate and ſubftanciall prin- ciptes ; then Counſellors which are onely-merof experience”; the ohne ſort keeping danpersafarre oft ; whereas the other diſcouer them nor, till they comeneecre hand: and thentruſt to the agilitic of theirwrir, to ward or attoide them! © '! * | | Which felicitie of times, vnder learned/Princes, (to keepe till the Lawe of breuine, by viing the moſt eminent and (eleed examples) doth beſt ap- peare in;the/age, which paſſed from the death of Dowiirianw the Emperour, wnrill the raigne' of Com- modus: comprehendinga ſucceſsion'of ſixe Scien- cesalllearned or ſinguler fatourers and Aduancers of learning : whichage for temporall ——- __ | np I '2
themoſthappicand flouriſhing, that-ceucr the Ro; mane- Empire, (which. then was a modele of the world) emwyed: a-matter reucaled;and prefigured vator Demtian'ina Dreame, the night before he was ſlaine3 for' heethoughtthere was growne behinde ypon hisſhoutders, a necke'and a head. of gould, which.catme accordingly to'palle. in thaſe golden times which ſucceeded ;-of which Princes;we will make ſome-commemoration:wheremalthoughthe matrer wil bee-vulgar, atid may be thought: fitter for aDeclamation.then agreeableto@ Treatile info!- dedasthis iis; yerbecaule it is pertinenttorhepoinr in hand,N&qas ſemper arcum tens Apells, & roname: themonetyweretopnakedandeurſorie; L wiltnor omiriralogerher. '' The firſt was Nerna; the excet= lent rof whole gouernement, isbyaglaunce inQarneliss 74th touchedto thelife: Poſtgnandia #35;N enudires aliprinſoriaber mifoniſfes Iinperis Elie bertatem>Andiin roken bf his Jearning,the-laſt-AEt of his ſhortraigne!cſtto memorie, wasa-milkive to, his adopted ſonne- Train, proceeding! ypon: ſome: inyard diſcontent;ar/the ingratitudeofiherimes,: comprehendedingyerſcot #Howers,!- ol
T elis Pl:4be ,vnis, Lathrymas virifcere noſtras, Traiez,. who-ſucceeded, was for his perſon not: learned; Bur if wrewillhearken to theifpeechof: our, Sawieur; that. fayth, thee 4bar recefverh a\PÞro- pher inthe name of 4 Prophet ;ſball hai: a; Brophers' re- werd, hee” deſerneth to bee placed) amongeſt-the: moſt lcaraedPrinces :: forthere way not aigreater: >, LEE OSS OT - att TO O__
The firſt Booke. UN 282 \Cg4.
admirer of learning or BenefaQor of Learning, a
| founder cf famous Libraries,a perpetuall Aduancer
of learned men to office, and a familiar conuerſer with learned Profetlorsand Preceptors, who were noted to haue then moſt credite in Court, On the orker ſide, how much Traians vertueand gouerne- ment wasadmired & renowned, (urelyno reftimo-
| | nicofgraueandfaichfull Hiſtory doth more liuely ſer
forth, than that legend tale of Gretorins Magus, Bie ſhop of Rome, who was notedtorthe extream enuy he bare towards all Heathen excellencie: and yethe is reported out of the loue and eſtimation of Tra- fans morall vertues, tohaue made vnto God, paſsio- nate and fervent prayers, for the deltuerie of his ſvoule out of Hell : and to haue obtained. it with a Caueat that he ſhonld make no more ſuch petitions; In this Princes time allo, the perſecutions againſt the Chriſtians recejued intermilsjon, vpen. the cer» tificate of Plin us ſernxc'rs, a mam of excellent; lears ning, and-by 7r4/ax aduanced.
Adrian his ſucceſſor, was the moſt -curious man tharlined,and the moſt vninerſal enquirer:infomuch as it was nored for an crrour in his mind: that he de+ ſired to- comprehend all thinges ,: and nat-to re- ſerue himſelte for the worthyeſt thinges,- falling into the like humour that was long before noted in Philip and Macedon, who when hee: would needs 6uer-rule and'pur:downe an excellent; Mu- ſfitian;in an argument touching Muſique, was well anſwered by him againe, Gas forbid Sir (faith bee 3H 3 bat
: w+ cn ge iis ar Ha COP "YÞ
+ :Of the Aduancement of Learning,
Fas your fortune ſbould be ſo bad, as to know theſe thin? s berter than 1; Ir pleaſed God likewiteto vie the cu- rioſitic of this Emperour, as an inducement tothe ce of his Church in thoſe dayes : tor having * »- Chriſtinyeneration, notasa Gudor Sauiour,butas awonder ornouchie: and haning his picture in his Galleric, matched with _Apolon;us (with whom in his yaineimagination; he thought he had ſome con- formitic) yer1t (erued the turne to allay the: bittes hatred of thoſe times againſt the Chriſtian name: ſo asthe Church had peace during his time, and for his 06579 on ciuile, although he did not attaine tothatof Trans, in gloric of Armes, or pertecti- on of Tuſtice: yet in deleruing: of the weale of the - SubieQ; he did exceede him. For Tratarc erected many famous monuments and buildings, infomuch as Cenſ{antinethe Great, in emulation was woont to call him Parieraris, Wall lower, becauſe his'naime was vppon ſo-many walles : but his buildings and workes were more of glorieand tryumph; than vic and necelsitic: But Adrian (pent his whole Raigne, which waspeaccable ina perambulation,or Surney of rhe Romane Empire; giuing order and making aſsignation,where he went for reedifying of Cities, Townes,and Forts decayed: and for cutting of Ri- nersandfireames: and for making Bridges and paſ- ſages; and for'pollicing of Cities, and Commonal- ties, with new ordinancesand' conſtitutions :' and g—_— new Franchiſes /and incorporations: fo his wholetime was a very reſtauration of allthe lapſes,
lapſes and decayes of formertimes. Antonits Pius, who (ucceeded him, wasa Prince
excellently learned; and badrhe Patient and ſubrile
witte of a Schoole man: -infomuch as in common ſpeech, (which leaues no vertue vntaxed) hee was called :Cymini Sector, a caruer, oradiuider of Co- mine \(cede, whichis one of the leaſt ſeedes: ſuch a patience; hee had and ſetled {pirite, to enter into the leaſt and moſt exaQ differences of caules :afruit no doubt of the exceeding tranquillitie, and ſereni- tic.of his minde; which being no wayes charged or incombred, cither with feares,remorſes, or {cru- ples, but hauing been noted fora manof the pureſt
oodnelſe without all fiction! or affeQation, that
ath. raigned or lined : made his minde conti- tinually preſent and entier ; he likewiſe approached adegree- neerer vnto C hriſtianitie, and: becameas wAgrippa>iayd vnto S.,; Paule, Halfe aChiiſtian 3 hol- dingbletRceligion and Lavy in; good opinion: and not only ceaſing perſecution, burgiuing waytothe aduancement of Chriftians;' © [71
| There eceedatiiven the firſt Dini frarres, the WwWO adopitine- brethren, Ltits- Commons Ferns, Sonnero tm Yerw,who delighted muchintheſof- ter kind of learning : andwas wontto callthePoer Marrtiall his Y 112i: and Marcus Awelins. Anteninus, whereof the later, whoobſcured his colleague;and
ſoruined himiong; was; named: the Philoſopher :
who'as he excelled all the reſt inleatning, ſo he &x- cellcd'them likew ic in perſeRion of all royallyer-- VO I. 4 wes;
fy
F, Of the aguancement of lear ning |
trues:infomuch as 7uliarss the Emperor in his booke intituled,Ceſares,beingas a Paſquillor Satyre,to de- ride all his Predeceſſors, fayned that they were all mired toa banquerofthe Gods,and Sylexxs the le- Met fate at the nieather end of therable,and beflow- ed aſcoffe on euerie' one asthey came in, but when Marens Philoſaphns care itn, Sylenus was grauelled, and out'of comenance, not knowing: where to carpeathim, ſauear thelaft, hegauea glaunceathis parieticerowards his vife. ' Andthe vertue of this Prince continued withthat of his Predeceſſor made | thenameof CAnronvines fo' ſacred mthe world, that thoughir'were extreaniely'diſhonoured'in Com- .modus;Carocolla, and Heliozabalns, who all barethe -ratne,yerwhien Alexander SearrusrEfuled thename, becauſe hewasa —_ rothe familie, the Senare withoneacclamationlayd, 24omodo Auguſtss. ſic &*, Antoxinus. In fuch'renowne and-venerarion, awasthenameof theſe two Princes in thoſe dayes, that they would hanc had itas a perperuall addiczon inalltheEmperours ftile.- In zhis Emperours time "alfo;the Church forthe moſt part was in peace, (o - ax inthis ſequence of ſixe: Princes, we doe (ce rhe bleſſed effeCts of Learning in ſoueraigneie, painted 'forthinthe greateſt Tableof world. q Butfor a Tabler or picture of ſmaller volume(rior ;preſutning'to ſpeake of your /Maieftic that liucth) - it my iudpement-the” moſt excellent! is rhat:of -Queene Zlizaberh, your immediate Predecefſor in thisparr of Brir74ine, a Prince, that if Plurarchwere 295] Ig 0: NOW
"4, T he firſt booke. 36 now aliueto write lynes by parallels, would trou- tlehimlthinke, to find for her a parallel amongſt women, . T his Ladic was: enducd with learning in her ſexeſinguler ; and. grace: een amongſt mal- culine Princes: whether we ſpeake of Learning, of Language, or of ſcience, moderne, or ancient ;;Di- uvinitieor Humanitie, And vnto the veric laſt yeare of her life, ſhe accuſtomed toappointſet houres for reading, ſcarcely any young Studentinan Vniuerli- tic,moredayly, or more duly.;As for the, gouerne- ment, laſſure my ſelfe,[ ſhall not exceed, it Idoe at- firme, that this partof the Iland,ncuer had 45. yeres of better timeszandyetnot throughthe calmneſle of the(eaſon;butthrough the wiſedomot her regimer, For if there beconlidered ofrhe one (ide, the truth of Religion cſtabliſhed;the conſtant peace and lecu- ritie: the good adminiſtration of luſtice, the tempe- rare vieot the prerogatiue,notlackened, nor much ſtrayned : the ourithing ſtate of Learning, ſortable
toſoexcellenta Patroneſle;:the conuenient eſtate of wealth and meanes, both of Crowne and ſubieQ : the habite of obedience,andthemoderation of dil- contents: and there be-confidered ontheother (ide, the differences of Religion, the rroublesof Neigh- bour Countreys, the ambition of Spaine, and oppo- frionof Rome; and then, that ſhee was ſolitary, and of herſelfe : theſe things Hay conlidered: as could not hauechoſen an inſtanceſo recent and fo proper: fo,1 ſappoſe, I could not haue, choſen one more
remarqueable, or cminent,. to the purpoſe nowe ei x "in
>:Of the Adyancement of Learning, inhandj/ which is-coqcerning'the: coniunftion of
learning inthe Prince,with felicitic in the people, "A Neither hath Learning an influence and opera- rion onely-vpottcinilemeritand morall vertue ; and the&Arts*or remperature- of peace,: and peaceable gbuefhement? butlikewiſc it hath no lefſe power and efficacie- in inablement towards marriall and militarie vertue and prowelſle; as may be notably re- preſented/in theexamples of _Mexanaer rhe Grear, and Ceſar the DiAator mentioned before, but now in fir place to bee reſumed, of whoſe vertues and AQ in warre, there needes nonote or recitall, ha. po pb 0d ve of tume'in that kind, - But of their affeQtionsrowardes learning,and perfeQis ons in learning, it ispertinent to ſay tomewhar.
-- Alexander was bred and tatight vnder Ari/forle thegreat Philoſopher; who dedicated diuersof his Bookes of Philoſophievmohim; he! was/arrended WithiTalliſthenzs, and diversother learned perſons, that/ followed him -in 'Campe; throughout his lourneyesand Conqueſts:whar priceandeltimariot1 hee ha4Jearning' t3'dotls notably appeare in theſe - - thee& patrievilars* Firſt, intheenuie he vied toex- po: thar he bare towards chiles, in this, that he
adſogooda Trumpet of his prayles as Homer sVEr- ſes : Secondly;jiti the indgement orfolution hegaue ronching3that precious” Cabinet of Pa#ius 'which was found amotig his lewels, whercofqueſtionwas
made; what thing was worthy tobepurintoir, arid
. he gauc hisopinion for Homerrworkes, Thirdly,in a. his
1 The fu Bonks.n x 37 his letter to £A71/totle ater heethad ſer forth his Bookes of Nature; wherein he expoſtulateth with
him for publiſhing the ſecrets or miſteries of Philo-
ſophie, and gaue him to vnderſtand- that himſelfe eſteemed it more to excellother men in learning & knowledge, than in power and Empire. And what vic he had of learning,doth appeare, or rather ſhine inallhis ſpeeches and an(weres, being fullot{cience and vſe of ſcience, andtharinall varietie, | And herein againe, it may ſeeme a thing ſchola- fticall, and ſomewhat idle torecie things that euery man knoweth; bur yer,lince the argument Thandle -
leaderth- mee thereunto, I am glad that men ſhall
perceive I am as willing to flatter (if they will ſo call it) an Alexander, or a Ceſar,or an Anroninns, that are dead many hundreth yeeres ſince, as any that
* now-lineth -: for it is the diſplaying:of the glorie of Learning in Soucraigntie that 1 propound to
my ſ(elfe, and not an humour of declayming in any mans praiſes. Obſerue then the ſpeech hee vied of Diggencs, and ſec if it tend not to the true ſtate of one of the greateſtqueſtions of morall Philoſophies whether the enioying of -outward thinges, or the contemning of them bethe greateſt happineſle ; for when he ſaw Diozenes fo perteAly contented with ſolittle : he ſayd tothoſe that mockedat his condi-
tion: Isere 1not Alexander, I would wiſhro be Dioge-
nes. Bur Seneca inuerteth it, and fayth; Plus erar, quod hic nollet accipere, quam quodille poſser dare. There were more things which Diozenes would bane refuſed gh
2 F hoſe
©:Of the aduancement of learning, ehoſowere which Alexander could hane giuen or entoyed. 'Obſerae again that ſpeech which was vſuall with him T har beefel his morraliry chiefely in pwa thinges, Sleepe& Loft: &ſeeit it werenoraſpeech extracted out of the depth of naturall Philolophie, and: Iiker to have comenout ofthe mouth of ,171/forie, or > Soi rv Rte ernlionn® poi »>Seeagaine that ſpeech anitiean le! when vppon the bleeding of his wounds, hecalled vnto him'one of his flatterers, that was wont to a- {cribe to himdiuine honor,and ſaid ;Looke,r his i very bloods thisis nor [uch 4 _ as Homer ſpraketh of which __ hand, when it was piercedbyDiomedes, | Seelikewiſe his readineſſe inreprehenlion off.6- pique, inthe ſpeech hee vied ro.Ceſſanaer, vppon a plainerhar was made againſt his Father At/p4- re#9 for when Alexander happed to lay : Dod/ you thinke theſe" #1en' wou!d hane come from fo farre to wplaine , 'extept» they had tuft w_ of friefe ? and Crſtander aniwered, TY ea, chat was rhe marter, becauſe they \tboughr they ſhould not bedifprooued ; fayd Alex- anter langhing:' See the fubritvies of 4riftaricy ro-rgke az matter both WAYer, Pro&97* Contra, ©.
+ Burnoteagaine how welthe could vie the ame Art;/which hee 'reprehendet to ſerve his owne kiimor,when bearing a ſecrergradge to.Calkfthencs, becauſehe was apainſt thenew ceremonicof his a- goration: feaſting one night,wherertheſame Callsſ?- henes wasartthe table: ir wasmooucd by ſome after: ſupper,for encerrainomentſake.tharCall/henes who
2 £ Big 6.
b G > 4 3 sf »
©" The ſyſt Booke, * © 38 was an cioquent man, might ſpeake of ſome theam® or purpoleat his owne choiſe, which Ca/iſthenes did; chuling the praiſe ofthe Macedonian Nation for his diſcourſe, & performing the ſame withſo good ma- ner,as the hearers were much rauiſhed: wherupon Alexander _—_— pleaſed,layd: It was eaſie tobe elo- quenr, vpor ſo 0004 4 ſubice? : Bur ſaith hee,7arne your
ile,andlet vs heare what ou can ſay againſt vs: which Cz/hthenes preſently yndertooke, and did withthar ſtinge & life; that Alexander interrupted him,&ayd: T he roodneſſe of the canſe made him eloquent before: and aiſprel t made him cloquent then againe. |
Conlider further, for tropes of Rhetorique, that
excellent vic of a Metaphor or tranſ]ation, where: with hetaxed Apr/parer, who wasan imperious and tyrannous Gouernor: for when one of nriparers friends commended him to Alexander for his mode- ration ; that he didnot degenerate;as his othier Lick tenants did intothe Perſian pride, in vic of purple; but kept the anciethabir of Macedon,of black; 77ye (anh 4/cxander)but Antiparer is all purple within, Or thar other, whetr Parmenio came tohim inthe plaine of 4rbella, and ſhewed him the innumerable multi- tude of his enemies,ſpecially as they appeared bythe infinite number of lights; as it had beene anew hir- mament of ftarres; and thereupon aduiſed him to aſſayle them by nightwhereupon he anſwered;Thas ke wonld nor ſtealetheVitforie. Ay
For matter of policie, weigh that ſignificant diſtin> Qion ſo much inal ages embraced,that he made be- rween his two friends Epheſtion and Crazerws,whE he:
oo
2 Of the Aduancement of Learning,
layd, That che onc loved Alexander, and the other leued
the King ; deſcribing the principall diflerence of |
Princes beſt ſeruants, that ſome in affetion love *Þ
their. perſon; and other-in, dutie loue their crowne. Weigh alſo that excellent taxation of anErrour
ordinarie with counſellors of Princes, that they
counſell their Maiſters according to the modell of
their owne mind and fortune, and not of their Ma-
ſiers, when vpon Darius great offers. Parmenio had
ſaid : Surely, 1 would accept theſe offers were 1 as Alex-
ander : fayth Alexander ,. So would 1, were 1 as Par-
Pero.
-.. Laftly, weighthar quicke and acute reply, which
he made whenhe gaue lo large gitts 10 his friends,
& ſeruants, and was asked what he did reſerue for
himſelfe, and he anſwered, Hope: Weighlſay,whe-
ther he had not caſt vp his account aright, becauſe
Hope muſt bee the portion of all that reſolue yppen
eat emerpriles. For this was Cezſars portion, when
e went firſtintoGavsle, his eſtate being then vrer- *
ly ouerthrowne with Largeſles : And this was like-
wiſethe portion of that noble Prince, howlocuer
tranſported with ambition, 'Zenry Duke of Guiſe,
of whom it was vſually iayd: that he was the great-
eſt Vſurer in Frawnce, becaule he had turnedall his |
eſtate ito obligations. : Toconclude therctore, as certaine Cririques are
vicd to ſay hyperbolically: Thar if all Scienres were
loſt they might bee found in Virgil: So certainely this
may be layd truely; therearethe prints, and Rar
8; >| 2 ÞS
Md 11 517 hs pil: Doakes v1 \1) 29
ſteps of learning inchole fewe ſpeeches, which are reportedof this Prince. T he admirationot whom, when I conſider him, not as Alexander the Great, butas 4riorlesScholler,hathcarryed me too farre, As for 1ulius Ceſar the excellencie of hislearning, needethnotto be argued from his education, or his companie, or, his ſpeeches : but 1n a further degree doth declare it felte in his writinges and win whereoflome are extant, and permanent, and ſome vnfortunately periſhed : For, hrſt we ſee there isleft vnto vs that excellent Hiſtorie of his owne warres, which he entituled onely a Commentarie, wherin all ſucceeding times haue admired thefolideweight of matter and the recall paſſages,and liue!y Images of - ations, and perſons expreſled in the greateſt pro- prictic of words,and perſpicuitie of Narration that eter was - which that it was not the effe& of a naturall guift, but of learning and precept, is well witneſſed by that worke of his, entituled De Amalo- 214, being agrammaticall Philoſophie, wherein hee did labour to make thisfameYox adplacirum, tobe- come Yox ail licitsm': and” to reduce cuſtome of ſpeech,to congruitie of ſpecch,and tooke as it were the pictures of wordes, from thelife of reaſon.
So wee receiue from himasa Monument, both of his power and learning, the then reformed com- putation of the yeare,well exprelsing,that he tooke it tobeasgreat a glorie 10 himſelfe, ro obſcrue and know the law of the heanens, as tro gme law to men
vypon the earth, oy L K 4 SO
»- Of the aduancement of learning,
So likewiſe in that booke of his _/nricaro, it may eaſily appearethar he did aſpireas well to vitorie of of wit,as vitory of warre: vndertaking therein a
conflitagainſtthe greateſt Champion withthe pen.
thatthen lined, Cicero the Orator.
Soagainein his Booke of Aporhe2mes, which he collected, weleethat he eſteemed it more honour to-make himſelte, but a pairc of Tables, to take the wiſc and pithy words of others, than to hauc cuery word of his owneto be madean Aporhegme, or an Oracle ; as vaine Princes, by cuſtome of flatterie, pretend todoe. And yet if 1 thould enumerate di- uers ot his ſpeeches; as 1 did'thoſe of Alexander, they arerrucly ſuch as S«/omon noteth, when hee layrh; Ferba ſapientum tanquam acules, © tanquant clautin alrum + 12 mowed [ wil onlyrecitethree, not ſo deleQable for elegancie, but admirable for vigorand efficacie. © As
So ww
by
F: Ke! £ bh «& FO OX
qn19, Thefirſtbaokeelt, 1, 14.0
withthey were ſolurpriſcd, croſſed, and confuſed, asthey would not ſufter him to goe onan his ſpeech, bur relinquiſhed their demaunds, and made it their ſuit,to beagaine called bythe name of Ailites.. '\Thelſecond ſpeech was thus : Ceſar did extream- ly affeft thenameof King; and ſome were (ct on as he paſſed by, in popular acclamation to ſalute him king; whereupon finding the crieweake and poore; he put it off thus, ina kind of Teſt, as ifthey had mil- takenhis ſurname; 'Non Rex ſum, ſed Ceſar, a ſpeech, thatif & be ſearched, the life and tulneſle of ut, can (carce be expreſſed : For firſt it was arelulall ofthe name, but yer not ſerious :Againe A4t- Gieligniica inhnice confidence and magnanimiic, as if he pre- fumed Ceſar was the greater title 3-as by his wor- thineſle, it is come to paſle tillthis day: but chictely, it wasaſpeech of preatallurement toward his owne purpole: ay if rhe State did ſirine with him, bur for aname;- whereof meane families were veſted :, tor Rex. Was a ſurname with the Romares, alwell as King is With vs. 0 2 > "1 309v . Thelaſtectch, which will mention, was yied to Metellys,: whenCefar;aker warre declared, did poſleſle him(elfe of the Cirie of Rome, at which time entring into the inner treaſurie, to take the the-monney' there - accumulate, -Merelks being Tribune: forbad him + whereto Ceſar layd, That of bee did not deſiſt, hee would laye' him dead in the place: : And preſently taking himſelfe vp, hee added : TY ounz man it is harder for me 30 fpeake it,
Z than
O Df the Aduancement of Learning, thim to doe its, Adoleſerns, darins eft mibi; hoc dicere, qnim facere. A ſpeech compounded of the grea- teſt terrour,and greateſt clemencie, that could pro- ceedevittdt thamourhiof manyv> 00 hu -"Biitroretfiene and concladeawihhim, iris evi- dent him(&lfe knewe well his owne perfeCtion in Tearning,and tooke ie vpon him4yasappeared,when vpon occalion;that ſome ſpake, whara ftrange reſo- luribirir WaSin Luvs Sth, ro tefignehis Dictarure; heſcoffing at him;tohis owne dduatitape,anſwered; That Sylla cornld not shillof Letters; and therefore knew nor how ro Diffare, Go alt 0,
And hereirierekeroleauethioponncouching the concurferiee'of millitarie:/vermme/and leartiing; (for whit exattipleſhould come withany grace, af- cer thoſe two, ofi-AMexander and Ceſar) were it not in t&>ard-of the rarenefle of circumftance; that :1 fide Hvorie ther Particular; vas thar which'did' ſo ſMenly paſſe, from'extreame (corne;torextreamne wonder: and itis of X-ophon the Philoſdpher,who
Utorver cms "thi Younger; agairift KihBii Hrrax- be? This. nawplorattharriine; Was: verieyong, andinever hadſeche the Warres before : nether
had anycommaundin the Armic,bur onely follow: edthe Warre,"as avolmtatie, forthe loneandicon- werſatiorrof Praia hivfriend': hee was preſent when Fatoureame in Meſſage from thegreat King, to the Grecians's after! that 'Cyrms was ſlaine inthe field; andthey ahandfull of menleft tothemſclues
went from Socrates Schoole into Ajit the EXPE-
RS $52, aps 4 wht 4
. Ye Raye, Pet go. 102" 04 1% Gs Wh
OL RAR 4 r/t. Boo (2s I &\ 4.1 inthe middeſtof tht Kings Territories,cat off from their Country by many nauwgable Riuers,and many hundred miles : The Meſlage imported, that they ſhould deliver vp-their Armes, and {ubmir them- ſelues49ihe Kings mercy;To which Meſſage before anſwere. was made,diuers ofthe Army coterred fa- miljarly with Falinwus ; and amongſtthereſt Yenophon happened tO lay *i// hy Falinu:, we hane now but theſe rwo rhinpes left 3igur Armes; andurertue: and if we Yeeld vp our Armes, how (hall we make uſe of our Vertne? Whereto - Falinrs ſmiling on him, ſayd 1}, / be not deceiued, youns Gentleman, youdroean Athenian; and i beleene, you indie Philoſoplyie, and it is prersy #hat you ſay 3 but. yow.aremuchiabsſed, if you rbinkeyour vertne can withſtgndthe Kings power ; Here wasthe ſcornes | the wonder followed; which-was;thatthis young Scholler, or Philoſopher. aker all the; Capraines were murthezed, in parlye-by treaſon,cgonduRed thoſe ten Thouſand foote, through the.heart of all the Kinges high Coumreys from, Babilon tOGrecia 1n faferie, in, delpight' of all, the Kings forces,tothe a- toniſhmenr of the world, andthe enrguragement of the Greeians in times faecceding;co; make inya- ſion. vpon the Kings of Perſia 5 as was after purpoled by 14/0: the T heflalian 3, atzempred by 42/4 aus the Spartan, and atchiened by. 4/ex4an/er the! Macedo- atan;all,yponthegroundobthe Act of that young
Scholler. \ born) 1) : bymod Pon: 211 1 ' Toproceedenow from imperiall and militarie vertue; toimnorall and prinate vertue; firſt, it is an al- ct L 2 ſured
2” "0 >
ſured rrith; which itcontainedin thEverſess'' Stilicet mvenuas aidiciſſe fuleliter arres,”' | Emuollir mores nec ſany eſSe feros, I -Trraketh thewildneſſe and barbariſme and 1 fierceneſſe of mens minds:butmdeed theaccent had | need be vpon;deliter. For @ lictle ſuperficiall lear- ning doth'rather werkea contrary ef; It raketh away allleuitic, temeritie,and- inſolencie, by copi- ous ſuggeſtion- of all-doubrs and difficulties, and acquiaintingtheminde to ballance reaſons-on both | fides, and to trurne backe the firſt offers and con- ceits of the minde," and to acceprot nothing but exainined"and wryed; It raketh away vaine ad- micarion-ob any* thing, which is the roote of all ' Weikeneſſe;” For allthingsareadmired, either be« canſetheydfehew/or becauſe they are grear, For nouelty,no'man that wadethin learning or contem- _ theoughly; bur willfind that printed in his ear P"Ndfwdi ſuper yerram t Neither can any-man maruaileat rhe play of Puppets, thar goeth behinde the curtanteandaduiſerh well of the Motion, And for-iriagnitade; "as: lcxarder the Great; after that hee was vied ro-grear Armies, andthepgrear Conqueſts*of the ſpations Proninces' in 4%, when hee receined Letters out of Greece; of ſome fights andferuices there, which were commonly for a'paſage, ' or a'Fort, or fome walled Towne at the moſt, heſayd:; r ſeemed ro him, chathe'wss advertiſed of the bartailes of the Frop s, and the Miſe, that the ould rales went of. So cettainely, if a man 7 meditate
7 [ þ |
ne The peBeke.
meditate tauch vppon the vniuerſall frame of na- ture, the carth with men vppon it (the diuineſſe 0 ſoules except) will not feeme much other, than an Ant-hill, whereas ſome Ants carrie corne, and ſome carrie their young : 'and ſome goe emptie, and all roo and fro, alittle heape of duſt, It raketh a\ay, or mitigaterh feare of death, or aduerſe for- rune: which 1s one of the greateſt impediments of vertue, and imperfeftions of manners, For if a mans minde, be deepely ſeaſoned with the con- fideration of the mortalitie and corruptible © nature of thinges, hee will calily concurre with * Fpiderus, who went foorth one day, and ſawe a woman weeping for her Pitcher of earth, that was broken ; and went foorth the next day, and\ ſawe a. woman weepinge 'for her Sonne that was deade, and thereuppon layde : He- x/, vidi fratilem frangi , hodie vidi mortalem' mo- ri, And therefore Yirzill did excellently, arid profoundlye couple the knowledge of cauſes, and the Conqueſt of all feares, together, as Concomitant.
Felix qui potuit rerum coonoſcere cauſas,
nique merus omnes, © inexorabile farum
Subjecit pedibus, ſrepirumque Acherontts auari,
It were too long ro goe oner the particnlar reme- dies, which learning doth minifter, to all the diſea- ſes of the minde;' fometimes peller nao hu- mours, ſometimes opening the obſtructions, ſome- times helping digeſtion, ſometimes encrealing Bs _ L3 appeuuicy
Ft nioFum Cam 2 am cn - 5
+ Of the Adyancement of Learning,
! appdtite;-ſomtimes healing the wounds and cxulce- ' rations thereof, and the hike; and thereforel will ' conclude with that which. hath rarionem rorizs 3 IS _* Which is, that it diſpoſerth the conſtitution of the Fa. | minde,nottobe fixed or {cried inthe detets there- - | of; butſtilltobe capable, and (uſceprible ofgrowth and reformation, For the-ynlearned: man knowes not,whatic is todeſcend into him(clfe,orto cal him- {glfe toaccgunt,nor the pleaſure af; that Suau/ma Vita, indies ſemrire. ſe fiert meligrews: T he good parts hee hath, hee will learne to ſheyy rothe tull, and vie them dexterouſly, butnormuch to encreaſethem: Thefaultshe hath, he will:learne hoxy to hide and colourthem, burnormuch toamend them like an ill Mower, that mowes onflill, and neuer whets his Syth: whereas, with the learned man,itfaresother- wiſe,that he doth cuer intermix the correctionand - amendmentof hisminde, withthe vſe and employ- b. [mentthereof:; Nay further ingeneralland in um - certain it is, that Yeritas,and'Boxrras differ, but as the Seale and the Prinr:-for Truth prints Goodneſle, and they be the cloudes of Error,which deſcend in theſtormes of paſsions and perturbations.
From morall vertue, let ys paſſe onto matter of wer and commandement, and conlider whether inright reaſon, there be any comparable with thar, wherewith knowledge inueſteth, and crowneth mans nature; Weſce the dignitie, of the-comman-
demeng, is according; to. the dignitie of the com- -maunded: to haue commaundement quer Res 127 | ; card-
:
= & Wes Eo IS;
f 4
Heard-men hay, is a thing contemprible: tohaue commiandemſent ouer- children, as Schoole-Maſters haue, is a matter of (mall honor : to hauecomman- demerit ouer Gally-ſaues, is a difparagement,rather than an honour. Neither is the commaundemenr of Tyrant, much beuer ouer people, which haue pur off the Generolitic of their mindes: Andthere- tore it was euecr holden, that honors infree Monar- chics and Common-wealths, had a {weetnefle more, than in Tyrannies, becauſe the commandement ex- tenderh more ouerthe wils of men; and not only o- nertheir deeds and (crnices. And therefore when VYirzillpatteth him(elfe forth ro attribute to. 4v2uſtus Cſar the beſt of huumnane' honours,” hee dothir in thele wordes ? £
!
; V itt orque wolentes - - "Per populos; Hat tra; viamue affettar Olympo: > Bat yer the commandemenr' of knowledge, is yet higher; than the commandementouer the will: for it is a commaundementouer the reaſon, beleete, and vnderſtanding of man, which isthe higheſtpart of the tninde, and giuerh lavyrothe willit telfe; [For there is no power oncarth, which ſettethvpathrone
- or chaire of Eſtate inthe, ſpirits, and ſoules of men,
and in their cogitations,imaginations,0pinions, and befcefes:' butknowledgeand learning. And there- fore wee fee thedeteſtable and'cxtreame pleafure,
that Arch:hereriques, and fa/fe Praphers,and Impo-
ſors arerranporred with, whenthey oncefinde in theniſclues; thatthey haire a ſuperioriie/inthefaith T5291 - E-4 | and
- Of the aduancement of learning, and:conſcience'of men; (o great, as if they haue once taſted of it, it is ſeldome ſcene, that any tor- rureorperſecution can make them relinquiſh or a- bandonc'ir; Bur as this is that which the Author of che Revelation, calleththe depth or profoundneſſe of Sathan: ſo by argument of contraries, the iuſt and lawtfull foucraignetie ouer'mens vnderſtanding, by ce of truth; rightly interpreted, 1s. that whichap- proacheth neereſt to 'the {tmilicude of rhe diving rule... HLGIO') © .> Asfor fortune and aduancement,thebeneficence of earning, is nor fo catinedto gine fortuneonly.to ſtates and: Common-wealthes :. as it dothnot like- wilc giue fortune to; patticular perſons, |For it was well noted long agoe, that Homer hathgiuen more | mentheir liuings; than cither Sy//a, or Ceſar,or Au- | eaſtus ener. did notwithſtanding 'theic great lar- *' gels, and donatiues, and diſtributions of Lands ro '
o many legions. Andno doubt,it is hard toſay,whe- |
ther armes orlcarning haucaduanced greaternum- | bers. And in'caſe of (oueraigntte, wee (ee, that if | armes'or deſcent haue carriedayay the Kingdome: | yet learninghathcarryed the Pricſt-hood, which e&- ' gerharhbeen in ſome competicion withEmpire, - * \. Againe, for the pleaſure and delight of know- | 1edgeandlearning, it farre furpaſſerhall other inna= | cure: for ſhallthe pleaſures of the affeRQions ſo ex- ccede theſences, as much as the obtayning, of de- fire or 'vitoric, exccederhaſong, ora dinner? and
taſnoeof conſequence, theplealurerofthy intel
$5% ve * A beg Gee mY: "$22. A006: - Bu P It NIE HUME ESO atom. > yr ann, —_— . 0% 5 17 , : 38 , x | _— NIE | , : - - $ #4 Eos 4 LF OS ad A of code? . "y ts PE DP, , in gr IS TIE net 2] SE? La.” py wy” LF: - m AL Y Oe ORE IN hnrp Mey Re bee CES 7 OL pe RWTT, 2 + 4; nt REF. ob
ſee two Bartailes ioyne vppon aplaine, But it is apleaſare
tathat whercumo mans nature doth moſt aſpire; ——_ which
11-1: The firſt Books, 1 4.4.
=y
Jef or, inderſtanding exceede the pleaſures of the
afteQions? welee inall other pleaſures, there is fa- cietie; andafter they be vied, their verdour depar- tcth; which (heweth well, they be bur deceits of pleaſure, and nor pleaſures; and: thatirwasthe no- veltic which pleaſed, and not thequalitic. Andther- fore we ſee, thatvoluptuous menturne Friers; and ambuious Princesrurne melancholy. But ofknow- ledgethere jsno facictic, bur ſatisfationand appe- rite; are perpetually interchangeable ; and therefore appeareth to be good in it ſelfe{imply, withour-fal- lacie, or accident. Neither is that pleaſure of ſmall efficacie, and contentment-ro the minde: of: man, whichthe Poet Zycrerius deſcriberhelegantly,
;- Suaue marimma:uo,turbantibus equoravenris:@c, | Ir is a view of delight (fayth he) 30 ſtand or walke wp+ pon the ſhoare ſide, and. 20 ſec a Shippe toſſed with rene peft upon he fea 3: or go bee ins a forrified Tawer,, and 0
incomparable for rhe minde of mn ro bee ſetled, landed,
and fortified in thecertaintie of truth ; and fromrh ence
ro deſerie and behould the errours,perrurbationslabiurs, and winderints vp and dawne of. ovher men,» + Laſtly, leauing the vulgar arguments,that bylear- ning, man-excelleth man inthat, wherein man ex- celleth beafts ;that by learning manaſcendethcothe heayensand their motions ; where in bodic he can- not come; and the-like ; ler vs. conclude withthe
dignitie,and cxeellency of knowledgeandicarning,
4 —_ w —_—_——
whictr is:immoraliticor-cominuance ; foritothis. tendeth generation, and rayſing othouſes and fami- lies; tothis buildings foundations,and monuments, to thisrendeth rhe defire of \memorie, fame, and'ce- cbration;andincffett, the ſtrength of all otherhu-
! mane: delires; wee fee then howefarrethemonu- mens of witandlcarning, are 'moredurable; than the monuments of power, or othe handsiForthave nat;the' verſes of . #247. continued? 25 hundred yeares, or more, withour the loſe of a hillable,' or lecter: during which time, infinite Pallaces;, Tem- Þles, Caſtles, Citics have been decayed, anddemo- liſhed f [ris nor poſsibtero hauecherrue pictutesor ſtatuaes of gyrus, LAlrxander,.Cafur ;no nor of the Kings, or great perſonages of much later yeares; for \'5 originals cannotlaſt; andthe copies-cannot bur lecſe of the life and-rruth, - But the Images of mens witsand knowl remaine in Bookes, ex empted:fromthiee wrong oftimeand capable of per- zernall renouartion :* Neither are they firlyro be cal- dlmages, becauſe they generate ſtill, and caſt their ſeedes inthe mindesof-others, pronoking andcat- ſing infinit aQtionsand opinions, in ficceeding ages, Sothar(if the'inuentionof theShippe was thought ſonoble, which carrycth riches;and commodities fromplacero place, and: conſociateth the moſt re- moteregions in parricipation of their fruits? how muchmorearcletrers tro bee! magnified, which'ss hippes, paſſethrough the vaſt"Seas of time, and c ro parcivipare ofthe
S make apesfo diſtan
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I» \ with Te fo ſt-Buvke, k. M1 \\ 4. 5 Murninations; ftmd invehtions theEoe of: thE' other? Nay farther 'wee ſee, ſome of the Philoſophers whichwerelcaſtdinine, and moſt immerſed in the (ences, and denyed generally the immortality ofthe fouls; yet care rothisporritythat Whatfoter moth. ons'theTpirite of man conld a&t,' and?perfotrrme wi:hout the Organs of the Bade,” they thought might remaineaſer death j Which were'6nly thoſe of the vnderſfnding; and\rioe of the&affetion ; (0 immortall and incorruptibie'a thirig did knowledge ſeceme vntothem to be:But we that knoyy by diuine revelation, that not onely the vnderſtanding , bur the affeions purified , not onely the ſpirire, tut the bodie changed (hall be aduanced to immor-
_ ralitie, doediſclaime in theſe rudiments of the ſen- ' ces. Burit muſtberemebred, bothin this laſt poinc, - and(fo it maylikeyiſe be needfull in other places,
thatin probation of the dignitic of knowledge, or learning, I did inthe beginning ſeparate diuine teſti- monie, from humane; which methode, Thaue pur-
ſued, and(o handled them bothaparr. Neuertheleſſe, Ldoe nor pretend, and I know it will be impoſsible for me by any Pleading of mine, roreuerſe the indgement, either of «E/ops Cocke, that preferred the Barly-corne,before the Gemme ; or of Mydas, that being choſen Iudge, berweene Apollo Preſident of the Muſes, and Paz God of the Flockes, iudged for Plentic : or of Paris, that iudg- ed for Beautic, and loue againſt Wiſedome and Power : nor of .{:rippina, Occidas mar rem,mddo in M 2 peret x
gn pretalit imv- aſe which preferre
.excellencie; or ofa zeats., For theſc
haue beene: bur (0. nlcas-
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I— I
2) THE SECOND
Booke of Francis Bacon; of the proficience or aduancement of Learning , -Diuine and ; Humane,
To the Rong.
'T mightſcemeto haue more conuenicnce , though it come often otherwiſe to paſſe, (Excellent King)that thoſcwhichare fruit. fullintheir generati- ons, & hauc in them- ſelues the foreſight of ILmmortalitic,in their e more carefull of the -good cſtatc of future times; vn:o which they know -they muſttranſmitte and commend ouer their dee» reſtpledges, Queene Fizabeth was a ſoiourfiter in the worldin reſpeR of her vnmanies lite: and was a bleſſing to her owne times, & yetſo astheimprel-
ion of her good gouernement, beſides her happic | Aa MEemorte,
Of the aduancement of learning
memoric. is not without ſome effet , which doth ſuruiaeher. But to your Maicſtic, whom God hath alreadic blefled with formuch Royall iſſue, worthie to continueandrepreſent-youfor cucr : and whoſe yourhfull and fruitfull bedde doth yet promiſe ma- nic thelike renouations: Ir is proper and agrecable to be conuerſant, notonly in the tranſitory parts of good gouernment : but inthoſe acts alſo,which are. in their nature permanent & perpetuall, Amongſt the which ( if afteftion do not tranſport mee, ) there isnotany more worthie, thenthe further endowe- ment of the world with ſound and fruitfull know- ledge : For why ſhould a fewe receiued Authors ſtand vplike Hercules Colamnes beyond which, there ſhould be no ſayling, or dileouering,fince wee haue ſo bright and benjgne aftarre, as your Ma: tocon- duQtandproſperys? Toreturnetherefore where weeleft,itremaineth to conſider of whatkind thoſe Acts are which haue bene vadertaken,& performed by Kings and others, forthe increaſe-and aduan:ce- mentof learning , whereinT purpoſe to ſpeake ac- tively without digreſſing ordylating. Let thisground therfore belayd; thatallworkes UE QuarcOmEn by amplitude of reward , by ſounds» nelle of dixection,and by the coniunttion of labors, The firſt multiplycth cndeuour,the ſecond preuen-. ecth gror,and the third ſupplierhthe frailty of man. But the principal of theſc 1s direQion: For Claude in» wa, antevertit curſorem extraviam : And Salonion excellently ſettethit downe; If the 1ron be not ſharpe,
T he ſecond borke. 2
it requireth more ſirength : But wiſedome & that which
exaileth; t1gnifying that the Inuention or eleion of theMeane, is more cffeQuall then anie inforce. ment or accumulationof endeuours. This Iamin- duced ro ſpeake , for that(nort derogating from the noble intention of any that haue beene deſeruers towards. the State of Icarning)I do obſcrue neyer- thelefle, that their workes and Acts are rather mat-
ters of Magnificence and Memorie , then of pro. .
grefſion and proficience , and tende rather to aug. ment the maſse of Learning in the multitude of
learned men , then toredctific or raiſe the Sciences
themſclues.
The Works or Acts of merit towardslcarning are converſant aboutthree obieRs, the Places of lcar- ning ; the Bookes of learning; andthe Perſons of the learned. For as water, whetherit bethe dewe of heauen;or the ſprings of the earth, doth ſcatter and leeſe it ſelfe inthe ground, except it be collefted intoſome Receptacle, where it may by vnion,com« fortand ſuſtaine it ſelfe 8 And for that cauſethe In duſtry of Man hath made &framed Spring-heads, Conduits, Ceſternes,and Pooles,whith men haue accuſtomed likewiſe ro beautifie and adorne with accompliſhments of Magnificenceand State,as wel asof vſe and neceſſitie : Sothis excellentliquor of
knowledge, whether it deſcend from divine inſpi- ratien,or ſpring from hamaneſenſe , would ſoone riſhe and vaniſhe to oblyuion , if it were not preſecrued in Bookes, Traditions,Conferences,and S Aa 2 Places
ack SANE: Colle > ang: | t the receipt & comforting of the awe, -Fbe : edt which concerne Be Scates ow oY | ces of learning, are foure, Foun s, and Buyl- din x *-1 1 cntogks nt momma nts -wit Franchizes and Priuiledges, Inſtitutions 1s and ; Ordinances forgonernment, Sil tending to- quiet, neſſeand priuateneſle of life, and diſcharge of cares andtroubles, muchlikethe Srations, which _ preſcribeth for the hyuing of Begs:-+ | -. ir/egs Apibus, fratinq Digs b fe vintbeiong £637-4-4 p94 F* 25 F7.da0D Me ox acmmeBiaon re tv me AL: -:
braries,which areasthe lin ef. liques of theancientSaints, full that wichoutdeluſfton or i—_
and repoſed , Secondly , News Ed ior $1 7 thors , with more correRimpreſſions:,/monref; full cranſlations, more profitable gol more: gent annotations, and the like, + Ef. {Im 24g
*% > ; PRC +. "EEC << ap;* %s s
The'warkes _— men(belidesthe aduanecmentan | of them ingeneraſll) are two-;'Þ cre fgnationot Readers in Sci invented -andthe reward ane delign | ters and Enquirers, concernini
ning,not It Eno bbourcdand roſecute ; By » X7F : Thele are ſummarihic the wor os
wherein-the merites :of manic excellent. Princes ; andother worthic Perſonages hauc ATennSOPRI «> ant,
.
:
” fant, As ferany particular commemoration, I call = co minde whatCzcero ſaide, when hee gaue generall
* thanks, Diffſcile non aliquem,ingratum quengquam pre-
4%
* gerire Let vs rather according to the Scriptures, © Jooke 'ynto that parte of the Race , which is be= * fore-vs: z then looke backe to that which is alrea- —dicateained. |
i» Firſt therforeamonegſt ſo many great Foundari- ons of Colledges in Exrope, I finde ſtrange that they © arcall dedicated to Profeſſtons,and none left free to Artes and Sciences at large. Forif men iudgethat
- fearning ſhould bee referred roaQion, they iudge well : butin this they fall intoche Error defcribed
inthe ancicnt Fable; in which the other parts of the * body did fuppoſe the ſtomache had beene ydle, be. © cauſe iencytherperformed the officeof Motion, as Fthelymmcs doc , or of Sence, as the head doth :
* 14
Rutyct.notwithRtanding itis the Stomache that di. 3 neftc hand diſtributeth to all thereſt: Soif any man EMhinke Philoſophie and Vniuerſalitie tobeidſeS ics ; hee doth not conſider that all Profeſſions are "from thence ſcrued,, and fupplyed, And this Itake \ to beeagreateauſe that hath hindered the progreſ- - fionof learning, becauſetheſe Fundamental know- -Tedges haue bene (tudiedbur in paſſage, For if you will hauc a tree beare more fruitc then it hath vſed -todo,itisnotany thing youcan do to the boughes, " buticisrheſtyrring of the earth, and putting newe ” moulde about the rootes , that muſt worke ir.
"Neytheris itto bee forgotten, thatthis dedicating i Aa. . -of
”® 'S
_ er En _ Ms. 1 o - "2% 6 2 s + pP P
of Foundations and Dotationsto profeſſory Lear- ning, hath not onely hada Malignealpe®, andin- fluenceypon the growthof Scyences,but hath alſo Þ bee I al to States and goucrn For | ence it proccedeth that Princes finda ſolitude, in regard of able men to ſerue them in cauſes of e- } ſiate, becauſe there is no education collegiate , | which is freezwher ſuch aswereio diſpoſed, mought give themſelues to Hiſtories, moderne langua- es., -bookes of pollicicandciuile diſcourſe, and other thelikeinablements vnroſeryic: ( And becauſe founders of Colledges doe plant, and founders of Lectures doe water.: it followeth welinorderto ſpeake of the defeQ,which isinPub- lique LeQures: Namely,in the ſmalneſle and mea- nefle of the ſalary or reward which in moſt places isafſigned vntothem: whether they be Lectures of Arts,or ot Profefſions.For itisneceſlary tothe pro= reſſion of Scyences,thatReaders be of the moſt a- leand ſufficient men, as thoſe which are ordained for generating, and propagatingofScyences, and not far tranſitorie-vic. Thiscannot be,except their condition, 8 endowm@tbeſuch,as may c6tent the ableſt man., to appropriate hiswhole ove, and continue his whole agein thatfunRion and atten- dance, and therefore muſt haue a proportion an- ſwerabletothar mediotritic or competencieof ad- uancement,v hich may be expected from aProfeſ. fion,orthe PraQtize of a Profeſſion:Soas,if you wil hauc Scyences flouriſh; 'you muſt ebſerue Daxids & . military
Us"
WE The fecond booke.. 4
military lawe,which was,T hat thoſewhich /lajed with the Carriage, ſhould hane equall part with theſe which waeinthe Adion: elle will the carriages beullagten-
: SoReadersin Scyences are indeede the Gar. dyans of the ſtores and. prouifions-of Scyences, whence men in actiue comlesare furniſhed , and therefore ought to haue equall entertainment with
| Bon them; otherwiſeif the fathers in Scyenccs be of the
weakeſtſort,or bei[ maintained. | 1" Et Patrum invalid referent ieiania nati, _ - Anotherdefed I note, whetrin Iſhallneede ſome Alchimiſt to helpe me, who callvpon men to (cll their Bookes, and tobuild Fornaces, quitting and forſaking Minerva, .and the Muſes, as barreyne vir» _oes; and relying vpon Y#/can . Butcertaineitis, tyntothe deepe, fruitefull, and operative ſtudie of many Scyences, ſpecially Naturall Phyloſophy: and Phyficke, Bookes be not onely the Inftrumen» tals ; whercinalſo the beneficence of-men hath noe beencaltogether wanting : for weſee, Spheares, Globes, Aſtrolabes, Mappes,and the like, haue bene pronided, as appurtenancesto Aſtronomy & Col mography, as well as bookes: We ſee likewiſe, that - fome places inſtitured for Phyfacke, haueannexed the- commoditie of Gardeins for Simples of all ſorts; and dolikewiſe command the vie of dead Bo- dies for Anatomyes. Buttheſe doercſpeRt buta few: things. In generall, there will hardly beany Mayne pro cience in the diſcloſing of nature, exceptthere elomeallowance forex rimers; was”: whether
= £ 1%. ra 5 Z RK -
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whether they be experiments appentainingto Y«/.
. canuror Dedalas, Furnace orEngyne, or any other
. kindzAndtherefore as Secretaries , and Spyalls of
> VF To
9 yy
-
.
Princes and States bring inBills for [ntelligence; (o
you muſt allowe the Spyalls and Intelligencers of | | aturecobfring in their Biles;or elleyou ſhallbeill | aduertiſed. COST OUENTUTTES.. 02 +
© Andif Atxander made ſuchaliberallaſbgnati- | onto Ariſtotle of treaſure for theallowance of Hun- | ters, Fowlers, Fiſhers and thelike, that he mought | compile an Hiſtorie of Nature,much better dothey | deſcrue irthattrauailesin Artsof nature, Another defe@t which Inote;isan intermiffion
ornepleRin thoſe which are Gouernours in Vni- ©
uerſities,of Conſultation, 6in Princes orſuperior perſons, of Viſitation : Toenterintoaccountand
.conſideration,wherther the Readings,cxerciſes,and other cuſtomesa yning vntolcarning, aunci- |
ently begunne,andfince continued, be well inftitu> tedorno, andrthereuponto ground anamende- ment, or reformation in that which ſhall be found mconuenient, For it is one of your Maieſtics | owne moſt wiſe and Princely Maximes, that in a/! ſages, and Preſidents, theTimes be conſidered wherein |: they firſt beganne, which if they were weake,or ignorant, 4#t derogateth from the Anthoritie of the V ſage , and lea- weth it for ſuſpe&, Andthereforc inas much,as moft
7 ofthe viages,- and orders of the Vniuerſitics were » derived fro morcob(curetimes,it isthe morerequi- » iſire, they be reexamined. Tn thiskind I will giue an
inſtance
#
. ; n ,S Iq oo 'S SALLY,
& Y ws 4 * ps 4 booke. Py
ihſtance ortwo for exiple ſake,ofthings that are the moſt obvious & familiar:The oneis a matter, which though it bee ancient and generafl,yet T hold to be anerrour A which 4 , that prey; in rem ties cometoo foone , & too vntipe to Logicke & Rhe. toricke; Arts fitter for Graders then children, and Nouices : Fortheſe two rightly taken, are the gra- neſt of Sciences, beeing the Arts of Arts,the one fox Iudgement, rhe other tor Ornament: And they be the Rules & DireQions , how toſet forth 8 diſpoſe matter: 8&therfore for mindes empric & vnfraught - with matter,& which haue notgathered chat which -Frero calleth Sylu4a and Sepelies, ſtuffe and varieticto beginne with thoſe Artes (as ifone ſhould tearneto weigh,orto meaſure,or to paintethe Winde) doth worke but this effe& : that rhe wiſcdome of choſe Arts,which is grear,&yniuerſal, is almoft madecon-
.. temptible,8& is degenerate into childiſh Sophyftrie,
& ridiculous affeation, And further,chevnrimely tearning of them hath drawen on by conſequence, the ſuperficiallandynprofitabletcaching & writing _—_— finterh indeed tothe capaciry of childre ; nother,isa lacke 1 finde in theexercifes vſed in the Vniuerfiries , which do make togreata diuorce be.. tweene Inuention& Memory:for theirſpeeches are either premeditarein Yerbs concepts, where nothing islefcto [nuention,or meerly Exremporalh,where lit- gleisleftro Memory: wheras inlife & a&tion,therc is te of cit h herof intermixtures -@fpremedication,8: Invention: Nores & Memorie. 22011 B b So
1%, Of the gintveementaf earning
ex in not the pratize; northe [- Wy Ang! It4Scucr atruc rule inexerciſes,
n as ncre as may.beto the life of | tot PEA: they do peruentthe Motions, xd faculties ofthe Minde, and notpreparethem, herruth-whereotis not obſcure , whouSchbllars
come mew the practiſes of profeſſi ons,orather ations
Lf as1h rag
of ciuilllife,. ch whca they ſctintog;thiswant-is ſnonefound by themſelyes,. Leer by others: But Dig 4c the oo" mag 3a of clic Inſti.
W ttc | eclulcoic Wah nor to Oppins and Balbns, Hee.q penned
nit, & , y_
R fnam/ 1709 nother detec which I note; aſconderk alitle fe When the precedent. Forasthe proficience of Wk Foie throuch intheorders and inſtituti- basof V niuerlings, in the ame Stares & kingdoms: Soit would bee yet more aduanced,; if therewere mc ore Int igece Mutualberweene the V.ninerfities of Ewopethennowthercis, Welſcegtherabemariy rders and Foundati6s, which though theytbe de. uided vnder (cueral] ſourraignties, &territories; they take themſcluestohaucakindof aus 8 ternitie,& correſpondence, one withtheather, in. fomuch a s.the have Provincials and Genetals. And forel as Nature cxeateth Brotherhood in Fa- milies,6 Arts Mechanicall contract Brotherhoods. *n.COm mani. andgg Anoyntment of God ſus pcrinduceth-
4 rn i ant: ave, rebuus rage,
PR a Brotherhood in Kings & Biſhops:So like 'manner there cannotbutbeea fraternitiein learhing andillumination, relating tothat P aterni- tie, whictisattributed-ro God, who iscallcd che Fa- _ ther of illuminarionsor lights.
- Thelaſtdefet which 7 wilnote,is;that'there hath not becn, or very rarely been,any PubliqueDelig. nation-of Writers or Enquirers, concerning fuch parts otknowledge,as may appearenat to haue bin alreadiefuthciently{aboured or yndertaken 1, vnto which pointitjsan Inducemet, toenterintoaview andexamination , what parts-of learning haue bin proſecuted, and whatomittedy For the opinion-.of plemic:isamongt thecauſts of want ; and the great uantitic of Bookesmakethaſheweratherof ſuper. fliriechenlacke; which ſurcharge nevertheleſſeis notto be remediedby makihg no more bookes;btit
gs 7 we MOTT
by making more good books, whichastheSerpertof Meſenmoughtdevonrthes 1 FEET TS Pe owns *'Theremouving|bt :ajtthe:defoBts tormerly-enu: merare, except the laſt; andvoFtheatwepartalſoof thelaſt(which is the deſignationzof Writers) are'0- per Baſilica ; towards which the endeuorsofa pri- vare'man may be, 'but asan Imageinacrofſe way; tharnizypormnrar:the way [but cannot goe it, Bur the inducing pare of - the latter {which is the ſuruay! of Learning); may bce-fet-forwarde by priuate-tranailez [Wherefore T willnowattemptto 7pen
erall and faithful perambailation of lear- ning,with an inquiry whatpartstheroblyt freſhand Bb 2 walſt,
= Fi p 15g F jre1 mrof | _"_ _
waſt, -andnotimproued &.conuerted bythe Inidu+
ftrieof man; to the endthat ſuchaplone madeand:
recordedtomemoric, may both miniſter bght to a- nic publique deſignation : and alloſcrueto excite volu ntary endeuours;wherin ncuerthelofle my pur pole isatthis time; tonote onely omiſſions and de- ficiences; and notto make anyredargution of Er-
rors,or incomplete 5 ad Lg Foririsonething:
ro ſerforth whargroundlyethvnmanured ;; anda-
notherthingto comet busbandry inthat which
rs manured. .. |
"Inthehandling remdercakin ofwhich woika, _ am not ignorant, wharitis, that doe now mooue atrempt, norinſcnſibleof mincown weakenes,
eo cofultinery ;\Barmy hopEis,thatif m reameloucto carriemetoofarre lanes obiatabthe excuſe of
ton; for that1t # not grams tedto man to lone, and to bee wiſe.
canvieno ot | Tadgumapat, then] muſt Ro otheds;'&T- beindifferent- liegladeytherto' perforinemy ſelte, oraccepttrom
another, thardunie of humanitic : Nam quierrents comiter mon#Hrat vians: m_ I docforeſec likewiſe, thatof rhoſethings; which Iſtiallenter & Regiſter, bd hon. demo Manyw and cenſure; me ISA readiedone & devon otherstobee burcurioſitics, andthin of nogrearvſe: andothers wbecof ro greatdiff, tie, andalmoſtimpoſsibilitic tobec
the
Burl know wellI
compaſledand | _—_ Butforthe rwaoitſt ;Lretcrremyſelte to.
PBS TINT IE 7 I; 9 ; : ; —_ OY i 9 Cc 9 I =» Ps, 5 Y $4 xed WT” <P: >> NN TS Ae et A DT ne Sn44)- EE wox AL» HEH: Books af SOBEL BE IS ; > Yo Le IN 4 - co rs " FF IA; : 5 x s 3 TIP 2
eheparticulars. For the laſt, rouchingimpoſsibitiric, Feakeitgthoſe things are tobee deld poſtible which _ mitybe doneby ſome perſon, though not by cuerie one and which may be done by'many,though not
| © KA : and which maybe done in ſucceſsion ages, though not within rhehouce-glalleot one mins lite: 'and which:may bedone by publique de- . Ggnation, though not by private endevour, ' - But notwithſtiding, ifany Man willcaketo himſelfe ra- therthar of S$:ilomon,.Dicit preer, Leveſt imine, then that of Virgil, Poſt, quiz poſſe videhtn#? I ſhall be content that my labours bee 'cſteemed}, but as the better ſorte of wiſhes : for asit askethiſomeknow. ledge to demaunda-queſtion;'riatim
t impertinent ; ſo itrequitcth ſome ſenſe,to makea wiſhnotabſard.
”Hut Parr s of humane learning have refe- ” rence to the three parteyof Mans vnderftan» ding, whichisthe ſcate of Learthinge Hir's-+ 6x x to his 'MaMory', Por'srn to his! Twx6'r- warion:'and Purrosornlte tohis R eas 50n: Diaine learning receiueth the fame diſtribu. tion, forthe Spirit of Man isthe ſame: thoughthe Reuelation of Oracle and Senſe be diuer(e: ''S6as Theologie confiſteth alſo'of H 1's r ox'1x/ of the Church, of Panapuns, which is Diaine Poeſte: and of holie Docrraine or Precept.” For as fortharpart, which ſeemerh ſupernumerarie, which is Propbecie + itis but Divine Hiſtorie't which hath that prerocatiue ouer humane , as the Narration my
beforethefa&, aſwell as after. | B.b 3 Hisrtory
, 1
Hiſtoria C:L/B/8 ELEC LES
- Ofthe adparitement of Rarning.
-iRattrominisNucrh0 at 1 Cartier | CLITE na mhareſk |
thecefult Lallo
Literari. cient... Forne.meo bath propoundetitohimfeife
the generall. Nate ioddoaringrorio:deſaribeday d repreſcntcd fromapmtipegyas many haut donethe works of Nature, Gcahe: SeatcciuileandEcclefiaſti- erywiinoue whichthe Hiſtory of cheworldfeemeth rome, to bras the-Sraumeat Rohphemwe with his eye out;tharpathbacingwantivg, which dorh moſt ſkew thelpitk, lSotkenerſani AntyetI amnot ignorant diners particular ſciences, as of the lun Mathbematicians,heR betoricians
tb downſome fmalme- earns hog _—_—
ſo likewiſe ſome barrenrelations touching the In- uedticoFArts,oryſages.Þut aiult ſtory of learhing, .comainingthe Advquities &Otiginall ofKnow- 1-9ges,8theirSeryicirdangnyans bit T raditf- ansghetr diyrrſe Adminiftrations, and Managings; theirFlauriſhings:,: their Oppoſitions, Decayes; NepinSonaNhlicianes Remoyes;-with the cau« Sam oongonn
tt O_o Lemay nals we. to bewanting. Thewieandend ow 11. wh 1Idecnotlo much deſignefor cli- joſitie, opſatiſtaction ofthoſethar arexlicloyers of
le ee
Nings:;þut chicfely fora moreſerious,$e purpoſe, whichjsthis.in _ watdrs, chatiowilk
w- F 4h :
gn v >The fecend\beake-. WiC 6. |
make. learned menwiſe,inithe vioandedminiſita-
"5 *_- $2. fas Nt e
"i . Ll nng t nor Sainx. dimbree works aDibine;asfedchaſticall Hot! _ efobinad ;-dobgitdameemino Ingt Loew - * 6 nNINg. DOAVION 55:
-51GH 2x 7 ax-:x-o6N, av vx af of threeforts: of Noonvis en) in: Covigyainlg pf Nor wg ptr. xTx&vol; or Vier? Ns pandet: Nik ny rrafArks 18 orwroghtzthitisH 457.0 xv0hG mm a-
; z'vREws,, HisrokyYbtManynallzs,and ? * HyrsroxrofAxrs; Thefiſtofthele, nodoube 7 is xtantandtbatingoodperfeRions Thetwola-
tev/archandled/{otyeakelyandvnproficablys ias-L 0 ammotcdtonotcthem as deficient. SI —— ſufficient,.or conipetent.ColleQionoftheWorkes {21/foria of Nature; which bauca Digreſſiong, and Deflexi- Nature on; fromitheardifarycburſeofGenetatibes, Pro» Erratic. diitions,& Motions,lictherthey be fingylarities of placeandiegion ;-orthe ſtrange cuentsof ume andchance , or-the cfteds of yet ynknowne pro- © nf pp Ir A jon-tp{generall finders: Iris true; Tfinde amumberiof hookes of fabulous Expcriments,8&Secrets;and-frivolous ms poſtures for pleaſure and ftrangencſſe/,.. But-a fubſtanciali:; and ſeuere Collection of the H:x x, 2. boic. tir f;orlyrkitg x.4.5:R50f; Nair nekn, "2 nee deſtribed Find -notſpegally, not ichdue-tcicRionof-fables , and-popular-Errors:- -
e033tdÞ:tr For.
For, asthings now are if an vneruth in Nature bee onceonfoote , 'whatby reafonof thenegleR of cx- amination ,, a and countenance-of Antiquitic , and what by xeaſon of thevſc of the © in.ſitni- liegdes | and ornaments of ſpeeche, itis ST ted downe.
-"Thevſe of this worke, honoured with a pre- fidentinArfforke, isnothinglefle, thento giuc con» tenement ro the: apperite of Curious and-vyaine wirtes as the manner of iM'1zxap1Lariteas is todoe ': Bur for twoo Reaſons , both of greate waight/:The one to correct the parcialitic of Axt-
omes ; and Opinions: 'whichare. commonly fra+
med oticly vppaticommon/andfamiliarexamples : Theother, becauſe fromthe Wonders of Nature, is theneereſt Intelligence and paflage towardes the
Wondetsof Atte : Forit isno more, butby follo. | \ winggaduslewere; hounding Natureit her wan- drings ; tsbceable toleade her aftetwatdestothe fine 1 place againe. Neyther am T-of opinion in -this'' HIV+0 fy of MaDiinbCare, that ſuper- ftitious: Nartations of Sorceries , Witchecraftes, Dreames, Dininations:, andthelike; wherethere is'an afſurance , and' cleere evidence of the fa, bealtagether excluded. - Forit is not yet - knowne in what caſes , and how farre, cffeesartributed to ſuperſttion;,do participate of Naturali caufes : and thereforehowdbenr theprattife of ſucuthings is 2 o breCondetricd) ;/yct fromthe Speculationand con(ideration
The fecond bak _—_—
fideration of them, light may betaken, not onely forthe diſceraing of the offences, bur forthe fur. ther diſcloſing of Nature : Neither ought a Man to make ſcruple of entring_ into theſe things forinqui- fition of truth, as your Maicſtic hath ſhewed in yaurownecxample : who with the two cleere eyes of Religion and naturall Philoſophy, hauc looked deepely and wilely into theſe ſhadowes, andyer proued your ſelte to be of the'Nature ofthe Sunne, which paſſcth through pollutions, and it (eKfere- mainesas pure as before, ButthisI hold fit, that theſe Narrations, which haue mixture with ſuper. ſition, be ſorred by themſclues, and not-to be min- led with the Narrations, which are meerely and Encerely naturall. But asforthe Narrations tou- ching the Prodigies and Miracles of Religions, they are either not true, ornot Naturall ; and therefore impertinent for - the Storie of Na-
'TUCC.
For HISTORY of NATVR E Ziſtoria ®
WROVGHT, or MECHANICALL, Michani.
Ifinde ſome Colleftions Made of Agriculture, and likewiſe of Manuall Arts, but commonly with a reieQion of experiments familiar and vul- gar. Foritis eſteemeda kindeof diſhonour vn- to Learning, to deſcend to enquirie or Meditati- on vppon Matters Mechanicall; except they bee ſuch as may bee thought ſecrets, rarities, and
ſpeciall ſubtiltics : which humourof vaine, and C c - ſupercilious
(4,
- 4 Of the aduancement of learning
ſupercilious Arrogancie, is juſtly deridedin Plato: where hee brings in Hippiesa vanting Sophrſt, dil: puting with Secrates.a truc and vntained inqui. ſtor of truth , where the ſubic& beeingtouching beautie, Socrates, atter his wandring mannerof In. duRQions, put fiſtan cxampleofa faire Virgine,and then of a faire Horſe, and then of a faire pot well olazed, whereat Hippries was uftended , and ſaid, More then for curteſies ſake, bee did thinke much to diſ- prtewithany , that didalledge ſuch baſe and Sordide inſtances, whereunto Socrates anſwereth ; you haue reaſon, , and: it- becomes you well , beeing 4 man ſo trimme in your veſliments,, &c... and ſo goeth on inan Ironic. Burt the truthis , they bee not the higheſt inſtances, rhargiue theſecureſt informati- on; as may bee well expreſſed inthe tale ſocom- mon. of the Philoſopher, thatwhile he gazed-vp- wardes to the Starres, fell into the water : forif hce had looked downe hee might haue ſeene the Starrcs inthe water, but looking aloft hee coulde notlee the water in the Starres :'So it commeth vftento paſſe, that-meare and ſmall things diſco- uergreat, better then great can*diſcouerthe ſmall: and therefore Ari/torie noteth well, tharthe nature of exery thing is beſt ſcene in his ſmalleſt portions, and forthar cauſe hee enquireth the nature of a Com- mon-wealth , firſt in a Family, and the Simple. Coniugatiosof Man and Wife, Parent,and Child. Maiftcrand Seruant, whichare in cuery —_ Un:
bl F pw gf [ee A 2 " >. L TER <IT be airs OR ONE Pr Ra A "Fg : : FS EN O Is Ma R un [Rp je £ Tre Ala wn ate 6,5 £2 ee dP RE 3d3 9-4 |
T be ſecond booke. "mY 10
Euen ſo likewiſe the nature of this great Citie of the world and the policie thereof, muſt bee firſt ſought in meane concordances, and {mall portions : So we feehowthar ſecret of Nature, of the turning of 1- r0n, touched with the Loadeſtone, towardes the North, was found out in ncedelsoft Iron, notin barresof Iron. '
Burt if my 1ndgement bee of any waight, the vicofHISTORIEMECHANICAL , isof all others rhe moſt radicall, and fundamentallto- wardes Naturall Philoſophie, ſuch Naturall Phi- lolophic, as ſhallnot vaniſh ia the fume of ſubrile, ſublime, or delectable ſpeculation , but ſuch as ſhall bee operatiue tothe endowment, and bene. firof Manslife : for it will not onely miniſter and ſuggeſt for the preſent, Many ingenious praQtizes in all trades, by a connexion andtranſferring of the obſcruations of one Arte, tothe vſie of another, when the experiences of ſeuerall miſteries ſhall fall vnder the-confideration of one mans minde : Bur furder , it will giue a more true, and reall i]-
| Jumination concerning Cauſes and Axiomes,then
is hetherto attained. For like as a Mans diſpa- ſirion is neuer well knowen, till hee be croſſed, nor Proteus ever chaunged ſhapes , till hee was ſtraightened and held faſt : ſo the paſſages and vari- ations of Nature cannot appeare fo fully in thelt- bertic of Nature, as in the trialls and vexationsof
Arr. — Cc 2 For
F Or Cirvits HriStoRy, itisof three kinds, not vnfitly to be compared with the three kinds
of Pictures or Images : tor of Pictures or Images, wee ſee ſomeare Vnfiniſhed, ſome are parfite, and:
ſomeare defaced : Soof Hiſtories , wee may finde
threekindes, Mz MoR1altLisS, PaRreirTEr Hui
STOR1itsS, andAnTliqQviTIzs: for MEn o- *1AL Ls are Hiſtorie vnfiniſhed, or the firlt , or rough draughts of Hiſtoric, and ANTIQ VI- TIES are Hiſtorie defaced, or fome remnants of Hiſtory, which haue caſually eſcapedthe ſhipwrack of time.
MEMORIALLS or PREPARATO- RY HiST ORY areof two ſorts, wherot the on ma betearmed COM MEN TARIES,&theother REGISTERS: COMMEN TARIES
arethey which ſct downe a continuance of the na»
ked eucts & aQios, without the motiues ordeſignes, the counſells, the ſpeeches, the pretexts the occaſi-
ons,and other paſſages of action: for this is the true nature ofa commentarie(though Ceſer in modeſtic
mixt with greatneſſc, did for his pleaſure-apply the nameof acommentaric to the beſt Hiſtorie of the world) REGISTERS arecolleRiosof Publique Aqts , as Decrees of counſell, 7udiciall procees- dings, Declarations and Letters of eſtate , Oratis ons , andthelike , withouta perfect continu- ance, or contexture of thethreed of the Narrati-
« ON. ANTIQVI-
Fs a3, ns. %*S a (5 dS ELaw F * REES £9 LL $8 7 5 -- , Fat '# 25 Wt >
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_ The fecond ook CL
ANTIQVITIES, or Remnantsof Hiſto. ry,are,as was faide,14nquamT abula Nanfragy, when induftirious perſons by an exact and ſcrupulous dili. genceandobſeruation, out of Monumets, Names, Wordecs, Proucrbes, Traditions, Priuate Recordes, and Euidences , Fragments of ſtories, Paſſages of Bookes, that concerne nat ſtorie, and the like, doe faue and recouer ſomewhat.from the deluge of time.
Intheſe kindes of vnperfeR Hiſtories 1 doe af> figneno deficience, for theyare tanquam imperfect? Mi/ia, and thercforeany deficience inthem is bur their nature. As for the Corruptios and Mothes of Hiſtorie, which are Epitomes, the vie of them de- ſeructh to be baniſht-, asallmen of. ſound Iudge.
' ment haue confeſſed , as thoſe that haue fretted:
Tg ba. ad, SW > x7 » F BED EAR: B55 £0 ae . "== b 5, 00-2 *Xx7» Mg O08 «#427 FI5Y i 6 F |
and corroded the ſound bodies of many excellent Hiſtories,and wrought them into baſe and vnproti. table dregges.
HISTORY which may be called I1VST and P AR FIT EHiſtorie,is of three kinds, accor. ding tothe obiet which it propoundeth,or preten« deth to repreſent:for it citherrepreſetetha TIME, ora PERSON;oran ACTION. The fiſt we call CHRONICLES, Theſecond LIVES, and the third NARRATIONS, or RELA- TIONS. Of theſe although the firſt bee the moſt compleate and abſolute kinde of Hiſtorie,and hath moft eſtimation andglory : yer the ſecond cx- celleth itin profitand vie , andthe third in veritie
| CEA and
4 at "= , rr = XX. ic
_ +, Of the aduancement of learning &(inceritie.ForH1 s'T o x-y of Tim's s repreſen- rerh the magnitude of Aftions, &the publique faces and deportmersof perſons ,& pafleth ouer infilence
rheſ{maller paſſages and Motions of men and Mat- ters, Butſuch becing the workemanſhipof God, az he doth hang the greateſt waighe vpon the ſmal- leſt Wyars, Maxima 2 Minimis ſuſpedes,ut comes ther- forcto paſſe, that ſuch Hiſtories doe rather ſet forth the pompe of buſines, then the true and inward re- ſorts thereof. But Lives ifthey-be well written, pro- pounding tothemſclues a perſon torepreſent, in whomactions both greater and ſmaHer.publique & priuate haueacommixture; muſt of necefſitic con- rainea more true, natiue,and liuely repreſentation: So againe Narrations , and Relations of attions as the War of Peloponneſus, the Expeditioof Cyrus Mi-
nor,the Conſpiracie of Catiline, cannot but bemore |
purely and exactly true, then HISTORIESof TIMES, becauſethey may chooſe an argument comprehenſible withinthe notice and inftruions of the Writer: whereas he that andertaketh the ſto- ry of atime,ſpecially of any length;cannot but meet with many blankes, and ſpaces, which hee muſt be forcedrofill vp, ourof his own wit and coniecture.
Forthe HISTOR Yot TIMES, (I meane of ciuilHiſtory.)the prouidenge of God hath made the diſtribution : forit hath pleaſed God to ordaine and illuſtrate two exemplar States of the worlde, tor Armes , learning , Morall Vertne, Policie, and Lawes. The STAT Eof GRECIA, and the
3
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T he ſeccnd booke. [2 the STATE of ROME ; TheHiftories where. of occupying the MID DLE PART of timc,
baue more auncienttothem, Hiſtories which may by one common name, be tcarmed the ANT I-
QVITIES ctthe WOR LD, andattcr
them., Hiſtories which may bee likewiſe cal. led by the name of MODER NE. HIST O- RIE.
Nowe to ſpeakeof the deficiences: Astothe HEATHEN ANTIQVITIES of the world,itis in vaine to note them for deficient : de-
ficientrhey are no doubt, conſiſting molt of fables
and fragments :. but the deficience cannot bee hol-
pen: for Antiquiticislike fame, Capt inter nubila
condit , hcr head is mutfled from our fight:Forthe HISTORIE of the EXEMPLAR STATES, it is extant in good perfection, Not bur 1 could with there were a perteRt Courſe of Hiftoric for Grecia. from. T hefens to Philopamen, (what time the affaircs of Grecta drowned and extinguiſhed in the affaires of Rome ) and for Rome, from Komulzs to Juſtinianus, who may be truly (aide to be Y{imas Romanorum, In which ſequences of torie the Text of T hucidides and Xenophon in the one, &the Texts of Linias, Polybiue, Saluitius,Cefar, Appianas,T acitns, Herodranus1nthe otherto be kept intyre without any diminutio at all,and oncly to be
ſupplicdand continued. But this is Matter of M ag-
nificence, rather to be commended then required: and
Of the adurmcement of kearnin J4
and wee ſpeake nowe of parts of Learning ſupple. mentall,and not offupercrogation, | ""BurforMoDdzxNE HisroRres, where. of thereare ſome fewe verieworthy, but the grea- | ter part beneath Mediocritic, leauing the care of ' forreyne ſtories to forreyne States , becauſe I will | not bee Curioſus in aliens lice, Icannot faile | ro repreſent to your Maicſtie , the vaworthinefſe | of the Hiſtorie of Eneglende"inthe Maine continu- © ance thereof, and the partialitic, and obliquitic |
. ofthatof Scotland, inthelateſt and largeſt Author |
fg”
thatl haue ſcene; fuppoſing thar it would be ho- © nourfor your Maicſtie , anda worke very memo- |!
rable,if this land of great Britranie, as it is now ioy- |
nedin Monarchie forthe ages to-come : Sowere '
toynedin one Hiſtoric for the times paſſed, after |! themanner of theſacred Hiſtoric , which draweth downetheftoricof the Tenne Tribes , and of the ©
Two Tribes, as'Twinnestogether, Andifitſhall 2
ſeemerhat the greatnefle of this worke may make |?
itleſſe exaQtly performed , there is an excellent Pe- |!
riode of a much ſmallercompaſſe of time, asto the
Rtoricof Eng/andthatis to ſay, fromthe Vniting of
the Roſes,to the Vniting ofthe Kingdomes : a Por. |!
tiooftime wherin, tomy vndcrſtanding,there hath |
'bin therareſt varieties,that in like number of ſuccel- ſi6s of any hereditary Monarchic hath binknown: | For ir beginneth with the mnt Adeption of a |:
Crowne, by Armesand Tytle: Anentry by Bar- |
taile, an Eſtabliſhmentby Mariagez and therefore | rims |
6 be SO cz >
'Þ
-
2. 7
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£
# 7
The ſecondbnks. © © 11
times anſwerable, like watersaftera tempeſt, full of working and ſwelling , though without extreami- tieof Storme, but well paſſed through by the wiſe- dome of the Py/ote, being one of the moſt ſufficient kinges of all the number. Then followcth the Raigne ofa King, whoſe actions howſocuer con- ducted had much intermixture with the affaires of woe : balancing and inclyning them variably, in whoſe time alſo beganne that great alteration inthe State Eccleſiaſticall, an ation which (cldome commeth vppon the Stage /; Then the Raigne of a Minor, thenanoffter ofanvſurpation, (though it was but as Febris Ephemers). Then the Raigne ofa Queene Matched with a Forreyner : Then of a Queene that liuedſolitary,and ynmarried, and yet her goucrnment ſo maſculine, as it had greater im- prefliom, and operation vppon the States abroad, then it any waics recciued from thence; And now laſt,this moſt happic,and glorious cucnt,that this I- land of Brittany deuided from all the world,ſhould bee vnited initfelfe ; Andthat Oracle of Refi gi- uen to e Meneas, Antiquam engquirite Matrem,(hould nowe bee performed. and fulfilled vpon the Nati- ons of Exglandand Scotland, beingnow revnited in the auncient Mother name of Brittany, asa full periode of all inſtabilitie & peregrinations : So that as it commeth to paſſe in Maſsive bodics, that they have certaine trepidations and wauerings bc- fore they fixe and ſettle : So it ſeemeth , that Dd by
| | AnuSke&
©: Of the aduancement of learning
bythe prouidenceot God,” this Monarchy before itwastoſettlein your Maieſtic; and your generati- ons , (in which I hope it is nowe cſtabliſhed for
eucr, ) it had theſe prclufiue changes and varie-.
ties.
-For LIVES, Idoc-finde ſirange that: theſe times hauecſolitle eſteemed the vertuesof the times, as that the Writings of liues ſhould be cio morxefre- quent. For although there be nor many ſoueraigne Princes or abſolute comanders, andihatStares are moſtcolleQed.inroMovarchics;yetarethere many worthy perſonages;thardcſerue better then diſper- ſed report,or barren F/ezies: Forherein the Inucn- tionof one ofthe late Poets is proper,and doth well inrichtheauncientfiction;for he taineth, thatatihe endoftherthreed orIebbeof cuery mans life,there
was alittle £Meda!t containing;the Perſons name,
and thatT ime waited vpon the ſheeres, and aſſoone as the threed was cut,caughtthe Medalls,and carrie edrhem tothe Riucr of Zethepand abour.thebanke there were-many Birds flyifhg-vpand downe, that would get the-Medals and carry them in their Beke a little while, and thenletthem fall into:the River, Onely there were a feweSwannes ,\ which if they gota Name ,would-carrie itto a Temple, where it was conſecrate. And although -many men more mortall in theirafteRions , :1thentntheir bo» dies, docefteeme defireofname and memory,but asa vanitic and ventoſttie, | LR Arimi nil magnalandis egentes : Which
- vw Stop uy # port TED, - . h v1 BEES 0s ro A We VE bo EROnNs,
The ſecond booke. 4 Which opinion commeth from that Root, Ver pri- ws laudes contempſimus , quam landanaa faceredeſivis mus:yert that will notalter Salomonsiudgement, af e+ moria Tuſti cum lundibus,at improriinomeputreſeet:The oneflouriſheth, theothereither columeth to preicr obliuion,orturneth toanillodor: And therefore in thar ſtile or addition;which is & hath bin long well receiued,and broughtin vic, Feticirmemorie,pie me. morie bone memories, wedoacknowledgethat which Cicero ſaith, borrowingattro Demoſthenes, that Bona Fama propria poſscſ1t0 defuntforuwm, which paſlefhon I canorkut nate; that in ourtimesitlicthimuchwaſt -and that thercimthere is a-Deficience.
For NanxkaATIoONS and REetatiaNg of particular ations, therewerealſo to bewiſheda
preateridiligencetherein;forthere 15no great acti. Ang lerum m Rel
on bur hath' ſome- good penne» which attends it.
»5 1am Fram ſect
Ti lau dan An
"And becauſe itisan/abilitienotcommonto Write /**'" _ 'ag00d Hiſtory ; 'asmay well appcare by the ſmall © 00T
number of them: yerit particularitic of ations me. morable, were buatolerably reported as they paſle, the compiling of a:complete H 1's To's 1's of T yr = s/ mought be the better expeRted,' whena Writer ſhould ariſe that were fitforits forthe collo-
Rion of ſuch relations mought be as a Nurſery gar- dein, wherebyto planta faire and ſtately gardein, .whcentimethouldfſeruec; 1 |
*''- Thereis yet anothetportion of: Hiſtoric which *Cornelixs T acitus maketh,whichis notto be forgotte 91511 nr 1, Did 200! 351i , Jſpecially
' | It?
In Of the aduancement of learning
ſpecially with that application, which heeacconu- pleth it withal, AN NALSaadlO VRNALS, appropriating co:theformer, Matters of eſtate, and tothe later, Acts, andAccidentsof a meaner Na- rure. For giuing buta touch of certaine Magnifi- cent Buildings, he addeth,Cowex _—_— populs Ro- manirepertwn ſit., res illuftresannalibus., talia dinrus wrbis Attis mandare So asthereisa kinde of con- templatiue Heraldry,as wellas Ciuill + And as no- thing doth derogate. from the dignitic of a ſtate morethen confuſton of degrees ; So it-doth. nota letle.imbaſe the Authoririe of an Hiſtoric, rointcr- mingle matters oftriumph, or matters of ceremo- ny , ormatters of Noueltic, with matters of State, ButthevicofaIovnanar rr hath not onely been inthe Hiſtoric of Time; bur likewiſc inthe Hiſtoric of Per{6s,and chicfely of ations; for Princes in an- cierittime had vpon point of honour and policic both, Tournalls kept, what paſſed dayby day: for we (cethe Chronicle which was red before Abeſſu- erss, when he could nattakereſt, contained matter of affaires indeede,butſuch as had paſſedin his own time,and very latelybefore, Butthe Io:vnanai of Alexandershouſee ed euery ſmall particala. ritic,cuen concerning his Perſon and Court: andit is yetanvyſe wel receiued inenterpriſes memorable, as expeditions of Warre, Nauigations;and the like, to keepe Dyarics of that which paſſethcontinually. I cannot likewiſe bee igaorant of a forme of Writing, which ſome graue and wile men er | ed,
TO tn 7970 RN z> "ins et as ” 9. 1 + EOS +
T be ſecond bogke. © 15
'vſed,containing ſcattered Hiſtory of thoſe aQtions, which they have thought worthy of memorie,with lirique diſcourſe and obſeruation thereupon;not 1ncorporate intothe Hiſtory, but ſeperatcly,and as the moreprincipall in theirintenti6: Which kind of RvmuinatreDd Hrsroxy, Ithinke more firto -placeamongft Bookes of policie, whereof we ſhall -hereafter ſpeake, then amongſt Bookes of Hiſtory: for itis the true office of Hiſtory to repreſent the e- uents themſelues, rogether with the counſels, and toleaue the obſeruations,and concluſions thereup- -6n,to the liberty and facultic of euery mans iudge- ment : Bur Mixtures , are things irregular, whereof no man can define. > *- Soalfvisthere anotherkinde of Hiſtory mani- = -foldlymixt, andrhatisHrsrony of Cosuo- > 0x a» nx y,beingcompoundedof Naturall Hiſtory © -inreſpetoftheRegions themſelues, of Hiſtory ci- > <uill, mreſpeRofthe Habitations, Regiments,and ' Manners of the people, and the Atarhematiques in . reſpeRtofthe Climatrs, and configurations towards ' the Heauens, which'partof learning of all others in -thisfattertime hath obtained moſt Proficience. For 'it tay be truly affirmed to the honor of theſe times, -andina vertuous emulation with Antiquitic, that this great Building of the world, had neuer 15ron2h
bights madcinit , tillcheage of vsandourfathers: Foralthough they had knowledge of the Antipodes:
*; Ll ;
3 3 $2
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Of the aduancement of learning
: Ulic ſerarubens accedit lumina veſper, yet that mought beby demonſtration, andnotinfac, and if by tra+ vaile,it requireth the voiage but of halfe the Globe. | But to circle the Earth,as the heauenly Bodies doc, | was not done,nor enterpriſed, till theſe later times: * And therefore theſetimes may iuftly beare in their word, not onely Plus witrainprecedence of thean- cient Non witra,and Imitabile fulmen, inprecedence
of theancient : Non imitabile fſulmen, Demens qui nymbos et non imitabile ſuimen, Cc. F7 Butlikewiſe, -- [mitebile Calum: |
- in reſpet of the many memorable. voyages-at- . terthe manerof heau&,about the globe of the earth. | __ AndthisProficience in Nauigation,. and diſco. uerics,may plant alſoan expecation of the furder . proficience, and augmentation ofall Scyences,be- cauſeitmay ſcemetheyare ordained by Gadto be : Coevalls,that is,to meete in one Age, For ſothe Pro- / ; Pher Daxjelſpeaking of the latter times foretelleth: eGNtoyobe-. Plurami pertranſibunt , & Multiplex erit Scientia,asif the openneſle and through-paſlage of the world, andtheencreaſc of knowledge were appointed to be in the ſameages,as we ſee itis alreadyperformed | in great part, the learning of theſe Jater times not | - much giuingplaceto the former twoPeriods or Re- turnesof learning, - theone ofthe Greclans, the 0- . ther of the Romanes. 2 gems”
'H ISTORY E c CLSTASTICA L,receiuath the ſame diuifions with Hiſtory ciuil;but furderin the
I Wy L Ro IC So bo in ERS q 3-T'2 EN * we Ds 4 2s AS 2 X © 361 1#. ro . 128, Be: LE by Dos 9p. 4's 97 ” %4 py $4 $14 PL © B08 OS bs Gs LIES 5H + 204 EE 8. »J td 4 ES) Es. RES i "8 + JER 57 c-.) IS -q He; 4 "AP po. . 20S LED FI 5 2 Skx, Þ * \ T7 [3 ; £ $5: K X A e by 4/2 Uh i
Tbe ſecond booke. "IE
the proprictic thereof may bee deuided into H i s+ roxYoftheCuy x c n,byageneral naic.H 1 $- roxrYotPrRoePHEcrttE&HIsTORIEOtPRO- y1DuNCcCu : Thic fiſt deſcribeth the timesot the militant Church;whether itbe luQuat,as the Arke of Neab,or moueablegas the Arke inthe Wildernes, oratreft,as the Arke inthe Temple, Fhatis,the ſtate ofthe Churchia Perſecution, in Remoue, and in Peace. This part I ought in no ſort to note as defici- ent, onely I would the yertucand finceritic of ir, were accordingto the Maſle, andquantitie. Butl ain not now in hand with cenſurcs, but with omiſc ſions. | Theſecond,whichis HISTORY of PRO. PHE CIE, confiſfterh oftwo Relatiucs, the Pro- phecic, andthe accompliſhment:and therefore the nature of ſucha worke ought to be,that cucry pro- hecie of the Scripture be (arted with the eucnt ful. filling the ſame, throughoutthe ages ofthe world, both forthe better confirmation of faith, and for the better illumination of the Church, touchin thoſe parts of Prophecics, which arc yetynfulfilled: allowing neuertheleſſe that Latitude ,. which is a- reable, and familiar vntodiuine Prophecies, bee ingof the-natnre of their Author, with whoma thouſande yearcs are but as one day, andthere- fore are not fulhlled punQually,, at. once, but haue- ſpringing and germinant accompliſhment throughout many ages , though the -height or
faulncſic.of them may rcferre to ſome one age: | This
Of the aduancement of learning
Hiſtoria Thisisa worke which 1 finde deficient,butistobee Propbeti- done with wiſedom,ſfobrictic,and reuerence,or not P at all. | (4, Thethird, whichis His roxyrof Pzxovi- | - Þ ® xc n,contaifeth that excellet correſpondence, Mandi hoc T7 fr which is betweene Gods revealed will, and his (c- cret will: which thoughir be ſo obſcure, asfor the moſt partitis notlegibletothe Naturall Man ; no, nor many times tothoſe that behold it from the Ta- bernacle : yet at ſometimes it pleaſeth God for our berter eſtabliſhmene , and the confuting of thofe which areas without God inthe world, to write it in ſuch Text and Capitall Letters, that, asthe Pro- pher faith, He that runneth by,may readit:thatis,meere | ſenſual perſons, which haſten by Gods 1udgements, andneuer bend or fixe their cogitations vpon them, |: are neuertheleſle in their paſſage and racevrgedto | diſcerneir,.Suchare the notable cuents and exam-
rances and bleſſings : Andthis is a work which hath | paſſed through the labour of many, and therefore I | cannot preſentas omitted. - £
Thereare-alſoother partsof learning whichare | AryzxxDricastoHrsrtoxryforalthecxterior |
whereof Hiſtory doth properly recciue,and retaine | in Memory the Deedes, and if Wordes, yetbutas | Inducements and paſſages to Deedes: So are there | other Books and Writings,which are appropriatto | the cuſtodie, and receite of Wordes onely : which | likewiſe |
ples of Gods iundgements , chafſtizements, deliue- |
proceedings of man conſiſt of Wordes and Deeds:
likewiſe areofthreeforts1O R'AT't ON S,LET- TERS,&BRIEFE SPEECHES, orSA Y- INGS: ORA'TIONS arepleadings, ſpecebes of counſel! ; Laudatiues,/Inhe@ives ;;Apvulogies, Reprehenſtons ; Orations of Formalitic , or Cc- remonie, and thelike + Lenersare accotding'to'all the varictie of occaſtons; Aduertiſments, Aduilcs, Dire&ions, Propofitions, Peticions, Comienda- torie,Expoſtulatorie, Satiſtactorie,of complement, of Pleaſure,” of Diſcourſe; :add all other paſſages of Aion. Andſuchasare writtenfrom wile men are,of all the words of Man, in-my iudgemenethe belt,forthey are more Naturall then Orations, and publike ſpeeches,& more adurſedthen-cofetences;
' orpteſent ſpeeches; SoagaineLerersof Affanes
} Ffromſuchas Managethem, or are privietothem,
toadiligentreader,thebeft Hifloriesin themlclues. For' APO THEGMES: Jris agreatlofſe of thac Booke of Cxſars, For as his Hiſtory,and thoſe fewe Letters of his which wee hauc, and thoſe Apothe-
mes which were of hisowne, excell all mens clſe: v1fuppoſewouldhiscolledtionof AIPO,THE-
GMES hauedone;Faras forthoſe which are co leted by others;, eitherT hauenotaſtinſuch Mat- ters,orelfe theirchoicehathinot beene happie, Bur on theſe three kindes of: Writings 'I:doenot.in- fiſt;becauſeThaueno drficieces to.propound con.
cerning them, "BH 322201704 200
Thus
Of the aduaucement.of learning - Thus much therefore concerning Hiftory,which isthat part of learning, which anſwereth to one of the Celles, Dowiciles,or offices of the Mind of Man,
which is that of the Memoric.
P OESTLE is a/part of Learning in mcaſure of words forthe moſt partreftrained:; butinall o- ther points extrcamely licenſed: and doth truly rc- ferre tothe Imagination : which becing not tyed
to the Lawes of Matter z \may at pleaſure _ tharwhich Nature hath feucred:&ſcucrthat which | Nature hath ioyned-/, and fo'make vnlawtuill Mats ches & diuories ofthings*' Piftoribus atque Poetis & c: Ie is taken in two ſenſes 1n- reſpect! ot Wordes or Matter; \Inthe firſt ſenſe iris bura Charadter of ſtile, and belongeth ro-Arts of fpeeche , and is not pertt- nent for the preſent. Inthelatcr,it is.(as hath beene ſaide.).' one of the principalll Portions of lear« ning :- and is nothing elſe[/but. FA INED/ H1- STORY,which may be ftiledas wellin Proſeas in Verſe. | 9 1d 2 Fhe vſcof this FAINED->HISTORIE, | hath beene ito giue ſothe ſhadowe of ſatiſfation-ta | the minde of: Man in-thoſepoints, wbereinthe Na- ture of things doth denie it,the world being in pro» portion inferiour tothe ſoule; by reaſon whereof there is agreeable ro theſpiitof Mana moream- | ple Greatneſſe ,,a-more exact Goodnefle ; and a | more abſoſute varictic then can bee found in the | Narure of things. Therefore , becauſe the Acts | | or. |
| 11:41 Theſecondbooks.” \D 18 £] 4 Cy L f'C | » - * H \ p |
or Euentsof true Hiſiorie, have notthat Magnitude; which ſatisfieth the mindevf. Mani, ' Poefic faineth: Agts andEuents Greater ;and more Heroicall; be- cauſe true Hiſterie propoundethtbeuegefies.and if- ſucs of ations, not ſo.agreable tothe merits of Ver- tueand Vice therefore Poeffe fainesthem more iuſt in Retribution, and more accardingtoReucaled
- Prouidence, becaule roe Hiſtorierepreſenteth Acti-
onsand Euents,more ordinarieand lefſe interchane« ged, therefore Poeſie enducth' them with more Rarenefle, and mare vacxpected, andaltcrnatiuc Variations. -, Soas it appearcth that Poeſie ſerueth
and conferreth to Magnanimitie, 'Moralitic,andto
deleaation., And therefore itwascuerthoughtto hauec ſome participation of diuineſle , becauſe it doth raiſe andere&the Minde, by ſubmittingthe
ſheyves of thingstothedefires ofthe Mind; where-,
as reaſon doth buckle and bowe the Mindwvntothe
Nature of things. And:welſeetharby theſe infinua-
tions and congruitics. with mans Nature and plea- ſure, ioynedallowith the agreementandconſortit
hath with Mulieke,it hath had acceſlcand cſtimati-
-on inrudetimes,and barbarous Regions, where 0- 'therlcarning ſtoode excluded.
Thediuifio of Pocſic which is apteſt in the propri- ctic therof (beſides thole diuiſibs which are comon vato it with hiſtory : as fained Chronicles , fained lipes,& the Appedices of Hiſtory,asfained Epiſtles,
fained Orations, andthercſt) is into POESIE
BE Cai. NARR A-
* 1 4
+ | #1 Of the afutrremmeef earning
x®
NARRATIVERBEPRESENTATIVE, andALEVSIVE. TheWARRATTIVE isa meercimitationofHiltory with the exceſſes before remembred;,Ohoofig forſubiet comonly Warrs, and Lowe; rarely Sexe;cand fomerimes Pleafure or Mirth, REPRESENTATIVE isasa viſible Hiſtory, andisantmage of Ations'as if they were prelent,as Hiſtoryivofactiany innatiifreas theyare, thavispaſty-AIDIV STE or PARABOET CALEyin NARKRTION applied oncly'to .expreſle ſomeſpecialt pirpoſeor conceir. Which latcrkind of Pataboliealwifſedome was much'more wvicintheanctendtitfies'; 'avbythe Fables of 2e- fape, antixhe brieteſententes ofthe ſeuen),” and the w/c of Hier oglyphiket\may tppeare. Andrhe cauſe was forthat itwas'then of neceſſitieto expreſſe any pointofreaſonpwhieh was more izrpe or fubt thenthevulgat in that maner, beeauſemenin thofe times wanted both varietie of examples, and {ubtif-
"FEES
But there remaineth yet another yſeof POESY PARABOLTCAL; eppofterothat which we Jafbmientioned:forthatrendeth to FemUnſtrare,ahd” |
jNuffrarertharwhich israiſghto?rdeliuigeed; ang this other to tetireand obſcufeit's Thatis Whenthe Se- cters and Miſterics of Religion, Pollicy,or Philoſo- phy;
'11 Theſecond booke. 19 phy, are inuoJuedin Fables or Parables. Ofthis in diuinePoeſte, weeſec the vic is authoriſed. In Hea. thenPothe, weelee the expolition of Fables doth fall 001 ſometimes with greatfclicitic, as in the Ea. blethat the Gyants beeing ouerthrowne intheir watreagainſt the Gods, the Earth their mother in
reuenge thereof brought forth Fame. Van #erv4 Parensira irritate Deork, - (Progenuit. 10 Extretmams,ut perhibent,Cao Enceladoque Sororem
-
expotinded that when Princes & Monarchies hauc fippreſſed aftuall and open Rebels,thenthe malig. nitic of people, which is the motherot Rebellion, doth-bring forth Lihels'& flanders, and raxati6s of the ſtares, which is of theſame kind with Rebellion, but more Feminine: So inthe Fablethatthe reſt of . the Gods hauing conſpired to binde Jupiter, Paliay called Briareus with his hundreth hands to his aide, &xpounded,-:that Monarchies neede not feare any coutbing of their abſokatencſſe by Mightie Sub- ieas,as long as by wiſedome they keepe the hearts of the people, 'who will be ſure ro come in on their ſide:Sov inthe fable;that 4chilles was brought vp vn. der Chjronthe Centiure, who was parta man, & part a beaft, expounded Ingenuoufly, but corruptly by Machiauell, that ic belongeth tothe education and diſciplineof Princes, tokhoweas well how to play partofrhe Lyon, in violence, and the Foxe in
SO —eI—_— ww — <> oo
ouile,as of theman in yertue an ce. Neuerthe.
lefſeinmany thelike incounters, I doe rather think that the fable was firſt , and theexpoſition deuiſcd, & WLN9077 * E a "7 WEU
<4 > Std Eos aps
- Of the aduancement'of learning then that the Morall was firſt, & thereupon thefable framed; Forlfinde it wasan alincient yanitic, -in Ghriſippus / that troubled: himſc}te-withgreat con + tention to faſten the ailertions ofthe Stoecks ypon
fions of rhe ancient Poets: -Bur yet thatallthe Fables and fictions of the Pqers, were but pleaſure
and not figure, -I-interpoſe no opinion. Surely of
thoſe Pocts which: arc now extant, cucn:: Hower himſclfe, (notwithſtanding he was madeakinde of Scripture,by the Jater Schooles of the Grecians)yer I ſhould: without any difticaltie-pronounce, that his Fables had no ſuch inwardaefſe in: his -owne. meaning : But what they mighthaue, vypon-a more. originall tradition, is not ceafie to affirme,for he was, notthe inuentor of many of them. In this third part of Learning which is Poeſte,L can reportno defici+) ence. -For beingasaplantthatcommetrhgttheluft efthecarth;wichout aformall feede; it hath ſprung vp,andipreadabroad , more then any other kinde: Buttoalcribevnto it that which is duc:forthe EX! preſſing ofaffeions, paſſions, - corruptionsand cu-. ſtomes,weare beholding to Poers, 'morethE ro the Hoſophers workes, and for. wit and eloquence not Eun lee then to Orators harangues. But it is. nor good toſtay too longinthe Theater: letvs now paſſe on tothe tudicial Place or Pallaceof theMind, which wearetoapproach and view,'with more rc» ucrenceand attention:
Fe knowledge of Manis asthe waters , ſome . deſcending
1 Theferondbooke. 1 deſcending from aboue, and ſome ſpringing from beneath, the one informed by the lightof Nature,
the other inſpired by diuinercuclation. The light oF-
Natureconliſteth,in the Notions of the minde,aad the Reports of the Sexices, for as for knowledge which Man recciucth by teaching,itisCumulatiue, and not Originall,as in a water,that befides his own ſpring-heade is fedde with other Springs and treames. $0 thenaccording to theſe two differing Illuminations,or Originals, Knowledgeis firſt of al deuided intoDIVINITIE,andPHIL OSO- PHIE. InPHILOSOPHY,thecontemplations of Man doe either penetrate vnts God, or are circum- ferred to Nature, orare reflected or reuerted vpon himſe(ſe. Out of which ſeuerall inquiries, there doe ariſe three knowledges, DIVINE PHILO- SOPHY, NATVRAL PHILOSOPHY, and HVMANE PHILOSOPHY, or HVMANITIE. Forallthingsare markedand ſtamped with this triple CharaQerofthe power of God,the difference of Nature, and the vſc of Man: But. becauſe. the diſtributions and partitions of knowledge , arc not like ſcuerall lines, that meete in one Angle , and{otouch but inapoint, but are like branches ofa treegthat meete in afteme, which. hath a dimenſion and quantitie of en- tyrenes and continuance, beforc it come to diſcon- tinue &breakit ſelf into Armes and boughes, _ ore
ia No /
DEVM, vil NAT. ZAM vel HOMI bfrabur «
Phlareph
he” fa A+ Vie Fug + wu F
- Of the aduancement'of learning thenthat the Morall was firſt, & thereupon thefabte
framed; For lfinde it wasan alincient yanitic, in Ghrifippus ,/ that troubled, himſc}tewithgreatcon+ tention to faſten the aflertions-of the Stoecks ypon fictions of the ancient Poets: -Bur yethatallche Fables and fictions of the Pqets, were but pleaſure
and not figure, -I-interpoſe no opinion, Surely of
thoſe Pocts which: are now extant , cucn:: Homer himſelfe, (notwithſtanding. he was made akinde of Scripture,by the Jater Schooles of the Grecians)yer I ſhould without any difticultie-pronounce, that his Fables had no ſuch inwardnefſe in- his -owne meaning: But what they might hauc, ypon-a more. originall tradition, is not eafie toaffirme;for he was, notthce inuentor of many of them.In this third part of Learning which is Pocſte,I can reportno defici-, ence. - For beingasaplanethatcommethgfthe Juſt, ofthecarth;wichout aformall feede; it hath ſprung vp,andſpreadabroad,, morethen habe kinde: Butto ribe vnto itthat which is ducforthe ex-
preſſing ofaffeRions,paſſions,. corruptionsandcy- ſtomes,we are beholding to Poets, morethe co the
Philoſophers workes, and for. wit andeloquence
not muchlefle then to Orators harangues. But it is nor good to ſtay too longinthe Theater: let vs now paſſe on to the judicial Place or Pallace of theMingd, which we aretoapproach and view,[with more rc+ ucrence and attention. ©,
F heknowledge of Manis asthe waters, ſome - deſcending |:
Anni The ſecond booke. k 0 21 deſcending from aboue, and ſome ſpringing from | beneath,, theone informed by the light of Nature,
the other inſpired by diuinercuclation. The light oF-
Natureconfiſteth,in the Notions of the minde,aad the Reports of the Scxices, for as for knowledge which Man recciueth by teaching, it isCumulatiue, and not Originall,as in a water,that befides his own ſpring-heade 1s tedde with other Springs and treames. $0 then according to theſe twodiftering Illuminations,or Originals, Knowledgeis firſt of al deuidedintoDIVINITIE,andPHIL OSO- PHIE. ” InP HILOSOPHY,thecontemplations of Man doe cither penetrate vnte God, or are circum- ferred to Nature, orare refleted or reucrted vpon himſe(ſe. Out of which ſeuerall inquiries, there doe ariſe three knowledges, DIVINE PHILO- SOPHY, NATVRAL PHILOSOPHY, and HVMANE PHILOSOPHY, or HVMANITIE. Forallthingsare markedand ſtamped with this triple Character of the power of God,the difference of Nature, and the vſeof Man. But becauſe the diſtributions and partitions of knowledge , arc not like ſcuerall lines, that meete in one Angle , and{ptouch butinapoinr, butare like branches ofatreegthat mecte in aſteme; which. hath a dimenſion and quantitie of en- tyrenes and continuance, before it come to diſcon-. tinue &breakit ſelf into Armes and boughes, _ ore
(Phloreph
" ul.
DEVM, vil NAT ZAM wil HOMI
lira hues -
FA | DLL
bhysrce Arietot : AA alg are Sutnh fawors :
1 8 AST
Wa 4
3 \
4
E, -" ol £ ”
|» Of the adyancement of learning fore itis/good', before 'weeenter Into the former diftribution,toere& &conſtiruteonevniuerſal Sci- ence by the nameof PHTYLOSOPHIA PRL
MA,ÞPRIMITIVEof SVM MA RTE PHI1- LOSOPHTE; as the Mine and eommon way, before we come where the'waies part, and denide themſelues, which Sciece whetherl ſhonfdreport as deficient or noe , I ſtand doubtfull. Forl finde a certaine Rapſodie of 'Nataralf Theologte, and of diuers parts of Logicke : And of that part of Natural! Philoſophie , which concerneth the Principles , and of that other partof Naterall Phi- loſophy,, which concerneth the Sow/e or Spirit, all theſe ſtrangely commixed' and confufed : burbe. ingexamineditſcemeth romeeratherz depredati- onof other Sciences, aduancedand exalted vnto ſome height of tearmes, then any thing ſolide or
bee ignorant of the diſtiition whick js
ſubſtantine of. ir ſelfe .' 'Neuertheltfle ' | Exnvor rhe
that the ſamethings are handled butin ſcuerallre. ſpeds: asfor example that Logicke conſidereth of many thingsas they are'm Notion: &this Philoſo. pby;,as they arein Naturetthe onein; Apparante, theother in Exiſtence : Butl finde this difference better; made then purſued'; - For if they had con- Gdered: Quantitie, Similitade , wy andthc reſb of thoſe 'Exterwes (hamditers 'of things',” as Philoſophers, andinNature © their inquiries muſt
| Fer: » ines + 9p of
of force haue beene of a farre other kinde then they are. For doth anie of them in handeling Quantitic, ſpcake of the force of vnion, how, and how farre it multiplicth vertue ? Dothany giuethe reaſon , why ſome things in Nature are ſo coMmon and in ſo great Maſse , andothers forare, andinſo ſmall quanritie * Doth aniec in handling Simili- rude and Diuerſitic, aſſigne the-ctuſe why Iron ſhould not moouc to Iron , which is morelike, but mooue to the Loadeſtone , which is lefle like 2 why in all Diucrſtties of things there ſhould bee certaine Participles in Nature , which are almoſt ambiguous, to which kinde they ſhould bee refer- red * Butthercisameereand deepefilence, tou- ehing the Nature and operation of thoſe Common
_ adinniis of things , as in Nature , andonely arc-
ſuming and repeating of the force and vſe of them, in ſpeecheor argument, Therefore becauſe ina Wryting of this Nature , I auvyde all ſubtilitic : my meaning touching this Originall or vniuetſall Philoſophie, is thus in a plaine and grofle deſcrip.
' tion by Negatiue ; Thatit bee a Receptacie for all
ſach profitable obſeruations and Axioms , as fall not
within the compaſſe of any of the ſpeciall parts of Phi-
loſophie , or Sciences , but are more common, and of 4 higher flage.
Now that there are manie of that kindeneede notbee doubted : for example; Isnottherule :
Si inequalibus equatia addas , omnia erunt ineq _ Ff Anc
21
The ſecond boake NT
Pwr mm a” phrlosoph Di*jcriphe .
"* Of the aduancement of learning
An Axiome aſwell of 1uſtice; as of the Mathematt- ques f And is there not a true coincidence be- tweenecommutratiueand diſtributiue /ultice, and
Arithggeticall and Geometricall proportion? Is not thar oMer rule, Pueineodemtertio conveninnt, & in-
ter fe conveniunt, a Rule taken from the Mathema- tiques , burſo potent in Logicke as all Syllogiſmes arebuijtryppon it? Is notthe